{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:47.976Z",
  "title": "HS4 7502 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 7502 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 7502",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "7502",
  "parentHs2": "75",
  "subsectorName": "Nickel",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "7502",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 12277687005.182499,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 14660469057.639893,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 13380537578.370539,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 12331509887.862728,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -2.7751241660976644,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 1.4419250035073494,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": -2.9709324067892506,
    "historical_peak_usd": 30488202446.412468,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 59.729711757318746,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -10.310104380211277,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.1958082406915862,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1171.2904619262895,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 795.6070186807997,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5149490908966163,
    "active_corridor_count": 1337,
    "active_exporter_count": 84,
    "active_importer_count": 130,
    "active_hs6_count": 2,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 12277687005.182499,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 6475826299.561023,
    "topFiveSharePct": 23.309931131933574,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 762701657.6973348,
      "cagr3": 12.364973161615733,
      "cagr5": -0.6255800266536493,
      "cagr10": -1.7975268500486474,
      "share": 6.21209562823513,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 6831,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1810596191.579564,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.87566210266058,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.7751241660976644,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.4419250035073494,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": -2.9709324067892506,
    "latestYoyPct": -10.310104380211277,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 30488202446.412468,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 59.729711757318746,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1171.2904619262895,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 795.6070186807997,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5149490908966163,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Russia to China leads the reported HS4 7502 routes with $762.7M in 2024 and +12.4% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $12.3B in latest reported trade, with -2.8% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 762701657.6973348,
      "cagr3": 12.364973161615733,
      "cagr5": -0.6255800266536493,
      "cagr10": -1.7975268500486474,
      "share": 6.21209562823513,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 6831,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1810596191.579564,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.87566210266058,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 741278015.2449949,
      "cagr3": -1.0182677044067945,
      "cagr5": 0.8581601899613212,
      "cagr10": -1.6045795707903987,
      "share": 6.037603132675528,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1971579369.2685513,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 62.40181720302712,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "TWN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Taiwan",
      "value": 630343645.6838129,
      "cagr3": 289.83438789367926,
      "cagr5": 32.99546589882334,
      "cagr10": 28.20277754319134,
      "share": 5.134058600921659,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": null,
      "mfnTariffPct": null,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 688,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 630343645.6838129,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "AUS",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Australia",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 398767524.2454061,
      "cagr3": 15.28463408047591,
      "cagr5": 22.024568600076687,
      "cagr10": 14.995467373403027,
      "share": 3.2479043005175443,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03931553930286869,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01338384889938636,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.027218395482916678,
      "distanceKm": 8156,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 398767524.2454061,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
      "value": 328829542.63084966,
      "cagr3": 177.72229757771768,
      "cagr5": 72.23546505855442,
      "cagr10": 16.17906984657729,
      "share": 2.678269469583712,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.14177167863838386,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1460026246404041,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.1297884190808081,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.01621420555959599,
      "distanceKm": 867,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 328829542.63084966,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 319128808.68155915,
      "cagr3": 513.4790178565363,
      "cagr5": 567.5984500116008,
      "cagr10": 55.86190639504367,
      "share": 2.5992583826811404,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
      "distanceKm": 4425,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 319128808.68155915,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "SGP",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Singapore",
      "value": 314360064.6190278,
      "cagr3": 325.5474440437063,
      "cagr5": 38.18842208774571,
      "cagr10": 9.030240066114793,
      "share": 2.5604176461440513,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
      "distanceKm": 3797,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 314360064.6190278,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Italy",
      "value": 242250464.3724394,
      "cagr3": 7.7851740791031965,
      "cagr5": 13.90148560704203,
      "cagr10": 0.12425255407684244,
      "share": 1.9730952928689562,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 1298,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 539680981.9452212,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.11228439081288,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "FIN",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Finland",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 224481149.81308898,
      "cagr3": 119.2486961287207,
      "cagr5": 80.83452335616347,
      "cagr10": 0.881041013719619,
      "share": 1.8283667739561522,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03752397506868687,
      "distanceKm": 1506,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 224481149.81308898,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "NOR",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Norway",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 214382171.85654682,
      "cagr3": 6.5503899873390115,
      "cagr5": 14.354801905539304,
      "cagr10": -2.7635505445801067,
      "share": 1.7461120467239033,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.046744754636969706,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.046744754636969706,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 5930,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 472542198.63050616,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2010,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 54.6321635447889,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "AUT",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Austria",
      "value": 206615681.01911566,
      "cagr3": 12.418571499916187,
      "cagr5": 2.3670985598860383,
      "cagr10": 14.670133052673373,
      "share": 1.6828550925911507,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04880302040329218,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04880302040329218,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04880302040329218,
      "distanceKm": 524,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 286087543.92750126,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.7788616090622,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "SGP",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Singapore",
      "value": 197156333.67715642,
      "cagr3": 10087.500751768743,
      "cagr5": 526.4640651848428,
      "cagr10": 379.31022951479355,
      "share": 1.6058100649897273,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
      "distanceKm": 894,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 197156333.67715642,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 9,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "South Africa",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 187722503.35628954,
      "cagr3": 432.6487850337096,
      "cagr5": 88.36480952040937,
      "cagr10": 14.590586968985985,
      "share": 1.5289728698658838,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 8545,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 187722503.35628954,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 17,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 179966043.77695012,
      "cagr3": 7.337002450751151,
      "cagr5": 30.580735042445518,
      "cagr10": -3.3704127617061874,
      "share": 1.4657976188917765,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.05717175463858586,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0022980195070717168,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05690611176161515,
      "distanceKm": 5997,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 341647460.9245314,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.324050560790226,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 152080813.91091904,
      "cagr3": -31.174241979752615,
      "cagr5": -19.627142101403784,
      "cagr10": -8.81733942663444,
      "share": 1.2386764204587122,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023955652598275864,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04883497429885057,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02154221402680774,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.027292760272042832,
      "distanceKm": 1614,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 662161698.2715645,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 77.03267731916623,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 149325104.1243555,
      "cagr3": 1.3403701231193166,
      "cagr5": 6.387981494640993,
      "cagr10": -3.5843750733439594,
      "share": 1.2162315594242166,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 752544232.4606749,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 80.1572987097262,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "MDG",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "Madagascar",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
      "value": 148053097.82031313,
      "cagr3": 196.0900003103029,
      "cagr5": 5.906638312692358,
      "cagr10": 2.148736049651423,
      "share": 1.205871250487318,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.13261074066909093,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.14600262464040406,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06970140837998384,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.07630121626042022,
      "distanceKm": 10384,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 224319805.19314772,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.999096650055534,
      "yearsWithData": 13,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "MDG",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Madagascar",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 146875848.0674166,
      "cagr3": -3.6984963564241635,
      "cagr5": -0.34171337174435656,
      "cagr10": 2.2312230644377484,
      "share": 1.196282720071128,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.014426770668521008,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00930598540869899,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03129625897360405,
      "distanceKm": 11404,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 360947586.13343006,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 59.308261445715395,
      "yearsWithData": 13,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "NOR",
      "importerIso3": "SWE",
      "exporterName": "Norway",
      "importerName": "Sweden",
      "value": 145899459.6263253,
      "cagr3": 10.37078476022424,
      "cagr5": 13.735009184306968,
      "cagr10": 3.635771358164974,
      "share": 1.1883301762354759,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03935060322222222,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.03935060322222222,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 418,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 238219360.02601698,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 38.75415515750232,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "TWN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Taiwan",
      "value": 138594483.91807434,
      "cagr3": 512.8325881579243,
      "cagr5": 68.69341078087618,
      "cagr10": 138.15384647675268,
      "share": 1.12883219664724,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": null,
      "mfnTariffPct": null,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 3800,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 138594483.91807434,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 9,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "BEL",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Belgium",
      "value": 137877317.55453414,
      "cagr3": -6.2665273271683475,
      "cagr5": 17.82170831360044,
      "cagr10": 11.1427014236823,
      "share": 1.1229909794600166,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 174,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 395016799.1628505,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.09583444381754,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "NOR",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Norway",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 137164925.92570832,
      "cagr3": 10.069196869255116,
      "cagr5": 12.62488220733291,
      "cagr10": 10.908905751455066,
      "share": 1.1171886518023306,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04305212356984157,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160506,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.007276807065373868,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05150582976178664,
      "distanceKm": 839,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 210764018.59907898,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.920141095512534,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 130384395.52869375,
      "cagr3": -18.40599211227604,
      "cagr5": -8.097061450501453,
      "cagr10": -8.474832874606808,
      "share": 1.0619622040670817,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11441,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1153019435.496601,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 88.69191693438042,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Japan",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 126865227.4147261,
      "cagr3": -7.735144307463004,
      "cagr5": 14.443232808075113,
      "cagr10": -1.7909203615514735,
      "share": 1.033299084438098,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 1763,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 217782825.05739194,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 41.74690893035596,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "South Africa",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 114722018.99538319,
      "cagr3": 41.554172310824924,
      "cagr5": 34.2977886346918,
      "cagr10": 10.608022149858165,
      "share": 0.9343943932351282,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.016689382078733335,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868688,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.013455472934866179,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0457486583338207,
      "distanceKm": 8992,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 184688689.83149493,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.88357094305422,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "growthLeaders": [
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "SGP",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Singapore",
      "value": 197156333.67715642,
      "cagr3": 10087.500751768743,
      "cagr5": 526.4640651848428,
      "cagr10": 379.31022951479355,
      "share": 1.6058100649897273,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
      "distanceKm": 894,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 197156333.67715642,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 9,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 319128808.68155915,
      "cagr3": 513.4790178565363,
      "cagr5": 567.5984500116008,
      "cagr10": 55.86190639504367,
      "share": 2.5992583826811404,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
      "distanceKm": 4425,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 319128808.68155915,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "TWN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Taiwan",
      "value": 138594483.91807434,
      "cagr3": 512.8325881579243,
      "cagr5": 68.69341078087618,
      "cagr10": 138.15384647675268,
      "share": 1.12883219664724,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": null,
      "mfnTariffPct": null,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 3800,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 138594483.91807434,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 9,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "South Africa",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 187722503.35628954,
      "cagr3": 432.6487850337096,
      "cagr5": 88.36480952040937,
      "cagr10": 14.590586968985985,
      "share": 1.5289728698658838,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 8545,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 187722503.35628954,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 17,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "SGP",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Singapore",
      "value": 314360064.6190278,
      "cagr3": 325.5474440437063,
      "cagr5": 38.18842208774571,
      "cagr10": 9.030240066114793,
      "share": 2.5604176461440513,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
      "distanceKm": 3797,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 314360064.6190278,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "accessComparison": [
    {
      "label": "FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 2,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 741278015.2449949,
          "cagr3": -1.0182677044067945,
          "cagr5": 0.8581601899613212,
          "cagr10": -1.6045795707903987,
          "share": 6.037603132675528,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
          "distanceKm": 556,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1971579369.2685513,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 62.40181720302712,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 4,
          "exporterIso3": "AUS",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "Australia",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 398767524.2454061,
          "cagr3": 15.28463408047591,
          "cagr5": 22.024568600076687,
          "cagr10": 14.995467373403027,
          "share": 3.2479043005175443,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03931553930286869,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01338384889938636,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.027218395482916678,
          "distanceKm": 8156,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 398767524.2454061,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 5,
          "exporterIso3": "CHN",
          "importerIso3": "KOR",
          "exporterName": "China",
          "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
          "value": 328829542.63084966,
          "cagr3": 177.72229757771768,
          "cagr5": 72.23546505855442,
          "cagr10": 16.17906984657729,
          "share": 2.678269469583712,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.14177167863838386,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1460026246404041,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.1297884190808081,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.01621420555959599,
          "distanceKm": 867,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 328829542.63084966,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 6,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 319128808.68155915,
          "cagr3": 513.4790178565363,
          "cagr5": 567.5984500116008,
          "cagr10": 55.86190639504367,
          "share": 2.5992583826811404,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
          "distanceKm": 4425,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 319128808.68155915,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 7,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 7,
          "exporterIso3": "CHN",
          "importerIso3": "SGP",
          "exporterName": "China",
          "importerName": "Singapore",
          "value": 314360064.6190278,
          "cagr3": 325.5474440437063,
          "cagr5": 38.18842208774571,
          "cagr10": 9.030240066114793,
          "share": 2.5604176461440513,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
          "distanceKm": 3797,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 314360064.6190278,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 8,
          "exporterIso3": "NLD",
          "importerIso3": "ITA",
          "exporterName": "Netherlands",
          "importerName": "Italy",
          "value": 242250464.3724394,
          "cagr3": 7.7851740791031965,
          "cagr5": 13.90148560704203,
          "cagr10": 0.12425255407684244,
          "share": 1.9730952928689562,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 1298,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 539680981.9452212,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.11228439081288,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 9,
          "exporterIso3": "FIN",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Finland",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 224481149.81308898,
          "cagr3": 119.2486961287207,
          "cagr5": 80.83452335616347,
          "cagr10": 0.881041013719619,
          "share": 1.8283667739561522,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03752397506868687,
          "distanceKm": 1506,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 224481149.81308898,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 11,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "AUT",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "Austria",
          "value": 206615681.01911566,
          "cagr3": 12.418571499916187,
          "cagr5": 2.3670985598860383,
          "cagr10": 14.670133052673373,
          "share": 1.6828550925911507,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.04880302040329218,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04880302040329218,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04880302040329218,
          "distanceKm": 524,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 286087543.92750126,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.7788616090622,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 12,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "SGP",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Singapore",
          "value": 197156333.67715642,
          "cagr3": 10087.500751768743,
          "cagr5": 526.4640651848428,
          "cagr10": 379.31022951479355,
          "share": 1.6058100649897273,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.003564984112044444,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.003564984112044444,
          "distanceKm": 894,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 197156333.67715642,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 9,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 14,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 179966043.77695012,
          "cagr3": 7.337002450751151,
          "cagr5": 30.580735042445518,
          "cagr10": -3.3704127617061874,
          "share": 1.4657976188917765,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.05717175463858586,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0022980195070717168,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05690611176161515,
          "distanceKm": 5997,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 341647460.9245314,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.324050560790226,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 16,
          "exporterIso3": "NLD",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Netherlands",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 149325104.1243555,
          "cagr3": 1.3403701231193166,
          "cagr5": 6.387981494640993,
          "cagr10": -3.5843750733439594,
          "share": 1.2162315594242166,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 579,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 752544232.4606749,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 80.1572987097262,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 19,
          "exporterIso3": "NOR",
          "importerIso3": "SWE",
          "exporterName": "Norway",
          "importerName": "Sweden",
          "value": 145899459.6263253,
          "cagr3": 10.37078476022424,
          "cagr5": 13.735009184306968,
          "cagr10": 3.635771358164974,
          "share": 1.1883301762354759,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03935060322222222,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.03935060322222222,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 418,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 238219360.02601698,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 38.75415515750232,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 21,
          "exporterIso3": "NLD",
          "importerIso3": "BEL",
          "exporterName": "Netherlands",
          "importerName": "Belgium",
          "value": 137877317.55453414,
          "cagr3": -6.2665273271683475,
          "cagr5": 17.82170831360044,
          "cagr10": 11.1427014236823,
          "share": 1.1229909794600166,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 174,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 395016799.1628505,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.09583444381754,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 22,
          "exporterIso3": "NOR",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Norway",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 137164925.92570832,
          "cagr3": 10.069196869255116,
          "cagr5": 12.62488220733291,
          "cagr10": 10.908905751455066,
          "share": 1.1171886518023306,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.04305212356984157,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160506,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.007276807065373868,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05150582976178664,
          "distanceKm": 839,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 210764018.59907898,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.920141095512534,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 25,
          "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "South Africa",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 114722018.99538319,
          "cagr3": 41.554172310824924,
          "cagr5": 34.2977886346918,
          "cagr10": 10.608022149858165,
          "share": 0.9343943932351282,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.016689382078733335,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868688,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.013455472934866179,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0457486583338207,
          "distanceKm": 8992,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 184688689.83149493,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.88357094305422,
          "yearsWithData": 22,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        }
      ],
      "count": 15,
      "value": 3837822454.3068943,
      "averageCagr": 754.8248879011679,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.04905842643359189,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.03914573632278911
    },
    {
      "label": "No FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 1,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 762701657.6973348,
          "cagr3": 12.364973161615733,
          "cagr5": -0.6255800266536493,
          "cagr10": -1.7975268500486474,
          "share": 6.21209562823513,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 6831,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1810596191.579564,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.87566210266058,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 3,
          "exporterIso3": "CHN",
          "importerIso3": "TWN",
          "exporterName": "China",
          "importerName": "Taiwan",
          "value": 630343645.6838129,
          "cagr3": 289.83438789367926,
          "cagr5": 32.99546589882334,
          "cagr10": 28.20277754319134,
          "share": 5.134058600921659,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": null,
          "mfnTariffPct": null,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 688,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 630343645.6838129,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 10,
          "exporterIso3": "NOR",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Norway",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 214382171.85654682,
          "cagr3": 6.5503899873390115,
          "cagr5": 14.354801905539304,
          "cagr10": -2.7635505445801067,
          "share": 1.7461120467239033,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.046744754636969706,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.046744754636969706,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 5930,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 472542198.63050616,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2010,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 54.6321635447889,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 13,
          "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
          "importerIso3": "MYS",
          "exporterName": "South Africa",
          "importerName": "Malaysia",
          "value": 187722503.35628954,
          "cagr3": 432.6487850337096,
          "cagr5": 88.36480952040937,
          "cagr10": 14.590586968985985,
          "share": 1.5289728698658838,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 8545,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 187722503.35628954,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 17,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 15,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 152080813.91091904,
          "cagr3": -31.174241979752615,
          "cagr5": -19.627142101403784,
          "cagr10": -8.81733942663444,
          "share": 1.2386764204587122,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023955652598275864,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04883497429885057,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02154221402680774,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.027292760272042832,
          "distanceKm": 1614,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 662161698.2715645,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 77.03267731916623,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 17,
          "exporterIso3": "MDG",
          "importerIso3": "KOR",
          "exporterName": "Madagascar",
          "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
          "value": 148053097.82031313,
          "cagr3": 196.0900003103029,
          "cagr5": 5.906638312692358,
          "cagr10": 2.148736049651423,
          "share": 1.205871250487318,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.13261074066909093,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.14600262464040406,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06970140837998384,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.07630121626042022,
          "distanceKm": 10384,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 224319805.19314772,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.999096650055534,
          "yearsWithData": 13,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 18,
          "exporterIso3": "MDG",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "Madagascar",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 146875848.0674166,
          "cagr3": -3.6984963564241635,
          "cagr5": -0.34171337174435656,
          "cagr10": 2.2312230644377484,
          "share": 1.196282720071128,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.014426770668521008,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00930598540869899,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03129625897360405,
          "distanceKm": 11404,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 360947586.13343006,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 59.308261445715395,
          "yearsWithData": 13,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 20,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "TWN",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Taiwan",
          "value": 138594483.91807434,
          "cagr3": 512.8325881579243,
          "cagr5": 68.69341078087618,
          "cagr10": 138.15384647675268,
          "share": 1.12883219664724,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": null,
          "mfnTariffPct": null,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 3800,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 138594483.91807434,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 9,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 23,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 130384395.52869375,
          "cagr3": -18.40599211227604,
          "cagr5": -8.097061450501453,
          "cagr10": -8.474832874606808,
          "share": 1.0619622040670817,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 11441,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1153019435.496601,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 88.69191693438042,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 24,
          "exporterIso3": "JPN",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Japan",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 126865227.4147261,
          "cagr3": -7.735144307463004,
          "cagr5": 14.443232808075113,
          "cagr10": -1.7909203615514735,
          "share": 1.033299084438098,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 1763,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 217782825.05739194,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 41.74690893035596,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        }
      ],
      "count": 10,
      "value": 2638003845.254127,
      "averageCagr": 138.9307249788655,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.1403696451257521,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.0449634118353557
    }
  ],
  "tariffHighlights": {
    "lowestApplied": {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Italy",
      "value": 242250464.3724394,
      "cagr3": 7.7851740791031965,
      "cagr5": 13.90148560704203,
      "cagr10": 0.12425255407684244,
      "share": 1.9730952928689562,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 1298,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 539680981.9452212,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.11228439081288,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    "largestAdvantage": {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 319128808.68155915,
      "cagr3": 513.4790178565363,
      "cagr5": 567.5984500116008,
      "cagr10": 55.86190639504367,
      "share": 2.5992583826811404,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
      "distanceKm": 4425,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 319128808.68155915,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "cta": {
    "label": "Open HS4 7502 workspace",
    "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=7502",
    "supportingLinks": [
      {
        "label": "Read the HS4 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the parent HS2 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/75"
      },
      {
        "label": "Review data sources",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources"
      },
      {
        "label": "Check data coverage",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the methodology",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read Responsible AI principles",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
      }
    ],
    "context": "Continue researching Nickel in Yugalinks."
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=7502",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/75",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/75",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors",
    "htmlFile": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502/corridors/index.ld.json",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=7502",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7502",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/75",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/75",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}