{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Copper (HS4 7418) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for copper at HS4 7418, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7418",
  "publisher": {
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    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7418/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7418/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7418/index.json",
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  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7418",
    "name": "Copper"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The copper subsector recorded $928.0M in reported global trade in 2024, with +0.8% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 927971471.4885594,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 0.8214077094307601,
    "activeExporters": 149,
    "activeImporters": 199,
    "activeHs6Products": 2
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.9804393278397234,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.6066867950713233,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1019774833.634083,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 55.172413793103445,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2021.4744791015423,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 671.0126194406445,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.2690067976659128
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 432783093.74778426,
      "corridor_count": 2234,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 437198718.63507247,
      "corridor_count": 2297,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 460177658.15518993,
      "corridor_count": 2288,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 422016506.9719188,
      "corridor_count": 2383,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 425431438.07440174,
      "corridor_count": 2508,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 422248402.97093534,
      "corridor_count": 2894,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 418300377.2490237,
      "corridor_count": 2931,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 470648886.9161731,
      "corridor_count": 2994,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 520820252.160266,
      "corridor_count": 3140,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 638201658.3109673,
      "corridor_count": 3192,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "global_trade_usd": 684005988.8881629,
      "corridor_count": 3120,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 805659542.8837428,
      "corridor_count": 3273,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 783902227.7474982,
      "corridor_count": 3252,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "global_trade_usd": 854348124.2202642,
      "corridor_count": 3384,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 617532163.7740947,
      "corridor_count": 3240,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 739768628.0434932,
      "corridor_count": 3402,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 851198820.3345351,
      "corridor_count": 3435,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 799771899.3507853,
      "corridor_count": 3538,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 839665170.0350394,
      "corridor_count": 3648,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 7418,
      "global_trade_usd": 862753197.0242883,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2
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    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 7418,
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      "year": 2016,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 7418,
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      "corridor_count": 3904,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 7418,
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    },
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      "year": 2019,
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    },
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      "year": 2020,
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      "global_trade_usd": 753967949.3396404,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "Russia"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 7418,
      "corridor_rank": 9,
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      "importer_iso3": "IND",
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.83059998486761,
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 6.649639647651284,
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      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 4252,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5307908369111112,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.5323102001373737,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "India"
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      "importer_iso3": "AUT",
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.5868399481400184,
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      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Austria"
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    {
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      "export_partner_count": 189,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Taiwan"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -3949015.072522372,
      "export_partner_count": 134,
      "import_partner_count": 67,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
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      "trade_balance_usd": -185487823.73654678,
      "export_partner_count": 128,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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    {
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      "imports_usd": 51002744.12733973,
      "trade_balance_usd": -38843149.702117674,
      "export_partner_count": 122,
      "import_partner_count": 59,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "THA",
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      "exports_usd": 11439556.408162937,
      "imports_usd": 13427837.195015626,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1988280.7868526895,
      "export_partner_count": 70,
      "import_partner_count": 36,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Thailand"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "exports_usd": 11208561.303006668,
      "imports_usd": 23315241.159046203,
      "trade_balance_usd": -12106679.856039535,
      "export_partner_count": 96,
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      "country_name": "Netherlands"
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  "importers": [
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      "export_partner_count": 128,
      "import_partner_count": 75,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 74315062.15085892,
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      "country_name": "Germany"
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      "export_partner_count": 122,
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      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
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      "imports_usd": 49685520.85468887,
      "trade_balance_usd": -48466378.21579345,
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      "export_partner_count": 138,
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      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 29196546.60058953,
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      "export_partner_count": 134,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "hs4": 7418,
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      "imports_usd": 26088109.698721074,
      "trade_balance_usd": -16544984.602583895,
      "export_partner_count": 98,
      "import_partner_count": 63,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "United Arab Emirates"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "RUS",
      "hs4": 7418,
      "exports_usd": 661395.9094729981,
      "imports_usd": 26082569.819023155,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25421173.909550156,
      "export_partner_count": 17,
      "import_partner_count": 28,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Russia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs4": 7418,
      "exports_usd": 11208561.303006668,
      "imports_usd": 23315241.159046203,
      "trade_balance_usd": -12106679.856039535,
      "export_partner_count": 96,
      "import_partner_count": 60,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 21463484.424283754,
      "trade_balance_usd": 37811652.71454498,
      "export_partner_count": 156,
      "import_partner_count": 43,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "India"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "741810",
      "product_name": "Copper: table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof: pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "741811",
      "product_name": "Copper: pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "741819",
      "product_name": "Copper: table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof, (other than pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "741820",
      "product_name": "Copper: sanitary ware and parts thereof"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}