{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:47.623Z",
  "title": "HS4 7411 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 7411 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7411/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 7411",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7411"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7411/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "7411",
  "parentHs2": "74",
  "subsectorName": "Copper",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "7411",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 9862235827.614521,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 9694044056.212313,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 8924940384.543758,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 7478223623.306905,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8711979774574061,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 8.56333726053089,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 4.003036474253774,
    "historical_peak_usd": 10250986673.314268,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 3.792326125169561,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 0.9254790331560236,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.1318384967963677,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1177.5621631938086,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 603.5463163451296,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.45247785916734906,
    "active_corridor_count": 4193,
    "active_exporter_count": 140,
    "active_importer_count": 199,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 9862235827.614521,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 3939599165.7151294,
    "topFiveSharePct": 16.892318893943965,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "VNM",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
      "importerName": "India",
      "value": 647623684.2602968,
      "cagr3": 21.62505429175452,
      "cagr5": 19.123086105162468,
      "cagr10": 27.510936413213983,
      "share": 6.566702475790868,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.4544606079741545,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4733772458164251,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09721627366449276,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.37616097215193234,
      "distanceKm": 3652,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 647623684.2602968,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 15,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.8711979774574061,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 8.56333726053089,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 4.003036474253774,
    "latestYoyPct": 0.9254790331560236,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 10250986673.314268,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 3.792326125169561,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1177.5621631938086,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 603.5463163451296,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.45247785916734906,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Viet Nam to India leads the reported HS4 7411 routes with $647.6M in 2024 and +21.6% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $9.9B in latest reported trade, with +1.9% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "importerName": "India",
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      "cagr3": 21.62505429175452,
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      "cagr10": 27.510936413213983,
      "share": 6.566702475790868,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09721627366449276,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.37616097215193234,
      "distanceKm": 3652,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 647623684.2602968,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 15,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "THA",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Thailand",
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      "cagr10": 11.010650689935698,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2988774639608283,
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      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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    },
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
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      "importerName": "Indonesia",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
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      "importerName": "India",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
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      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "UZB",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "Uzbekistan",
      "importerName": "Russia",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 121435482.99,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 113580934.37585859,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
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      "exporterName": "Mexico",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 3359,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09186697906323232,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.09772561373939394,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029662528486666655,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06806308525272728,
      "distanceKm": 8004,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 110743068.49887618,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "VNM",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
      "value": 109604070.43555695,
      "cagr3": -1.6527463359562788,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.012956483626714949,
      "distanceKm": 3599,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.214859684747143,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Japan",
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      "cagr3": -10.002414615165545,
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