{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Copper (HS4 7407) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for copper at HS4 7407, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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    "sameAs": [
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  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7407/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7407/index.md",
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    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7407",
    "name": "Copper"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The copper subsector recorded $6.7B in reported global trade in 2024, with +8.9% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 6719655121.790506,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 8.90049199284455,
    "activeExporters": 145,
    "activeImporters": 197,
    "activeHs6Products": 3
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -1.375385318829736,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 5.1879721309709526,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 8143397994.299688,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 44.827586206896555,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 991.5238322984834,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 649.2510000541508,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.44306371573006587
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 2545597220.540214,
      "corridor_count": 1931,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
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    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 2163581835.832733,
      "corridor_count": 2021,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 7407,
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      "corridor_count": 2010,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 2026630440.4575992,
      "corridor_count": 2030,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 1999,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1803383678.403879,
      "corridor_count": 2154,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 2089966735.9192362,
      "corridor_count": 2461,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2001,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1839815004.4903252,
      "corridor_count": 2535,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 1694691744.6183558,
      "corridor_count": 2601,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 2023670954.3829799,
      "corridor_count": 2689,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2004,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2936469726.6918607,
      "corridor_count": 2763,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "year": 2006,
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      "year": 2007,
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      "global_trade_usd": 6958258070.973121,
      "corridor_count": 3128,
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      "year": 2008,
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      "corridor_count": 3155,
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    },
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      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 3830834880.173055,
      "corridor_count": 3220,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 6030884600.844292,
      "corridor_count": 3203,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 7407,
      "global_trade_usd": 8143397994.299688,
      "corridor_count": 3325,
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      "year": 2012,
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      "corridor_count": 3540,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2013,
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      "global_trade_usd": 7107906598.46326,
      "corridor_count": 3461,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
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      "year": 2015,
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      "year": 2016,
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      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 7407,
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      "corridor_count": 3612,
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    },
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      "year": 2018,
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    {
      "year": 2019,
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      "corridor_count": 3731,
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    {
      "year": 2020,
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      "global_trade_usd": 4690996828.538842,
      "corridor_count": 3617,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "year": 2023,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -140823561.41424105,
      "export_partner_count": 39,
      "import_partner_count": 43,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
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    },
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      "imports_usd": 225845420.93680906,
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      "export_partner_count": 80,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -58813968.84719005,
      "export_partner_count": 120,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Spain"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "740710",
      "product_name": "Copper: bars, rods and profiles, of refined copper"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "740721",
      "product_name": "Copper: bars, rods and profiles, of copper-zinc base alloys (brass)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "740722",
      "product_name": "Copper: bars, rods and profiles, of copper-nickel base alloys (cupro-nickel) or copper-nickel-zinc base alloys (nickel silver)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "740729",
      "product_name": "Copper: bars, rods and profiles, of copper alloys (other than copper-zinc base alloys)"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}