{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:47.368Z",
  "title": "HS4 7405 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 7405 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7405/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 7405",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7405"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7405/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "7405",
  "parentHs2": "74",
  "subsectorName": "Copper",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "7405",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 225818938.01312435,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 329852354.8071005,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 338039075.19725716,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 278807179.8963035,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -17.97822206496733,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": -1.5322555880862287,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": -1.2376320131432972,
    "historical_peak_usd": 450976794.0146616,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 49.92670554002324,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -27.798319477357992,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -16.740590051824032,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1856.5360108784362,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 1081.2543546679203,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5521422608125174,
    "active_corridor_count": 741,
    "active_exporter_count": 75,
    "active_importer_count": 125,
    "active_hs6_count": 1,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 225818938.01312435,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 144405508.0129767,
    "topFiveSharePct": 36.460034555839435,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 46747108.382475995,
      "cagr3": -7.4855902907062895,
      "cagr5": -0.32800036683795497,
      "cagr10": -1.7356182141211818,
      "share": 20.701146145572213,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 653,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 61005419.236824825,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 23.372203703735973,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -17.97822206496733,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -1.5322555880862287,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": -1.2376320131432972,
    "latestYoyPct": -27.798319477357992,
    "trendLabel": "Rapid decline",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 450976794.0146616,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 49.92670554002324,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1856.5360108784362,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1081.2543546679203,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5521422608125174,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Belgium to Germany leads the reported HS4 7405 routes with $46.7M in 2024 and -7.5% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $225.8M in latest reported trade, with -18% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": -7.4855902907062895,
      "cagr5": -0.32800036683795497,
      "cagr10": -1.7356182141211818,
      "share": 20.701146145572213,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 653,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 61005419.236824825,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 23.372203703735973,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "COD",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Democratic Republic of the Congo",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 13698281.59402018,
      "cagr3": -48.767595314275795,
      "cagr5": null,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 6.066046415125755,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": null,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11798,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 195687182.56836963,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 92.9999086224085,
      "yearsWithData": 5,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
      "importerIso3": "SGP",
      "exporterName": "Japan",
      "importerName": "Singapore",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Italy",
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      "cagr3": 15.233156939874902,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
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      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "France",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 5573387.791237849,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
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      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Spain",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "KAZ",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Kazakhstan",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.021495134952095096,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.027339839346755476,
      "distanceKm": 4699,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2010,
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      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "France",
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      "distanceKm": 264,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4723948.04943124,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
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      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 3697144.669756338,
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      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "AUT",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Austria",
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      "cagr3": -12.752446803365192,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "KOR",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
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      "importerName": "Turkey",
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
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      "exporterName": "Spain",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 1872,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "KOR",
      "importerIso3": "BRA",
      "exporterName": "Republic of Korea",
      "importerName": "Brazil",
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      "cagr3": 19.656045464112925,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.28836246655353537,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 14,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
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      "cagr3": -0.8057986589744326,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.13695644286262626,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.14600262464040406,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.11067370517943839,
      "distanceKm": 8728,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 3569864.39721808,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.664403826644742,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
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      "cagr3": -18.6264354955306,
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      "share": 1.187583847777622,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
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