{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Iron or steel (HS4 7318) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for iron or steel at HS4 7318, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7318", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7318/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7318/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7318/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7318/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "7318", "name": "Iron or steel" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The iron or steel subsector recorded $48.1B in reported global trade in 2024, with -0.3% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 48054077664.084465, "latestAnnualChangePct": -0.2533425511310186, "activeExporters": 199, "activeImporters": 199, "activeHs6Products": 12 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.2637125894196632, "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.2302268334378326, "historicalPeakUsd": 50930259295.02381, "historicalPeakYear": 2022, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1212.4221393543596, "importerConcentrationHhi": 451.0545030183616, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.49067050334003565 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 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"country_name": "France" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs4": 7318, "exports_usd": 1026687617.2004714, "imports_usd": 1468355954.968046, "trade_balance_usd": -441668337.76757455, "export_partner_count": 177, "import_partner_count": 120, "active_hs6_count": 12, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 7318, "exports_usd": 690943975.0671124, "imports_usd": 1361444274.768051, "trade_balance_usd": -670500299.7009385, "export_partner_count": 162, "import_partner_count": 125, "active_hs6_count": 12, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 7318, "exports_usd": 2644083458.2611623, "imports_usd": 1181299564.0979698, "trade_balance_usd": 1462783894.1631925, "export_partner_count": 178, "import_partner_count": 90, "active_hs6_count": 12, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 7318, "exports_usd": 761729546.3614925, "imports_usd": 1158776783.5812173, "trade_balance_usd": -397047237.2197248, "export_partner_count": 187, "import_partner_count": 119, "active_hs6_count": 12, "country_name": "Netherlands" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "731811", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded coach screws" }, { "hs_code": "731812", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded wood screws other than coach screws" }, { "hs_code": "731813", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded screw hooks and screw rings" }, { "hs_code": "731814", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded self-tapping screws" }, { "hs_code": "731815", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded screws and bolts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1, whether or not with their nuts or washers" }, { "hs_code": "731816", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded nuts" }, { "hs_code": "731819", "product_name": "Iron or steel: threaded screws, bolts and nuts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1" }, { "hs_code": "731821", "product_name": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers" }, { "hs_code": "731822", "product_name": "Iron or steel: non-threaded washers, excluding spring and lock" }, { "hs_code": "731823", "product_name": "Iron or steel: non-threaded rivets" }, { "hs_code": "731824", "product_name": "Iron or steel: non-threaded cotters and cotter-pins" }, { "hs_code": "731829", "product_name": "Iron or steel: non-threaded articles, n.e.c. in item no. 7318.2" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }