{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Iron or steel (HS4 7316) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for iron or steel at HS4 7316, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7316", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7316/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7316/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7316/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7316/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "7316", "name": "Iron or steel" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The iron or steel subsector recorded $268.4M in reported global trade in 2024, with -6.3% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 268398283.18982843, "latestAnnualChangePct": -6.290812904185383, "activeExporters": 129, "activeImporters": 193, "activeHs6Products": 1 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.8490977236551132, "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.9672689767361584, "historicalPeakUsd": 354114598.5401862, "historicalPeakYear": 2008, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 58.62068965517241, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2351.1648117206514, "importerConcentrationHhi": 488.6771115776782, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.41511783224170024 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 7316, 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7316, "exports_usd": 6998411.564505149, "imports_usd": 9832415.536857698, "trade_balance_usd": -2834003.9723525494, "export_partner_count": 88, "import_partner_count": 40, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SGP", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 6557160.780001635, "imports_usd": 9592317.507359238, "trade_balance_usd": -3035156.7273576036, "export_partner_count": 45, "import_partner_count": 37, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Singapore" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "TUR", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 6308750.474990849, "imports_usd": 2170126.9050620575, "trade_balance_usd": 4138623.569928792, "export_partner_count": 79, "import_partner_count": 24, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Turkey" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IDN", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 6146302.253836082, "imports_usd": 6824934.963101065, "trade_balance_usd": -678632.7092649825, "export_partner_count": 18, "import_partner_count": 22, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Indonesia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 5428470.185685415, "imports_usd": 10413277.938953428, "trade_balance_usd": -4984807.753268013, "export_partner_count": 99, "import_partner_count": 31, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Italy" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 15624481.542610101, "imports_usd": 41451583.59617523, "trade_balance_usd": -25827102.05356513, "export_partner_count": 111, "import_partner_count": 47, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BRA", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 161366.89297550803, "imports_usd": 24640615.094152898, "trade_balance_usd": -24479248.20117739, "export_partner_count": 17, "import_partner_count": 22, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Brazil" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "AUS", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 2280316.8668560954, "imports_usd": 13452480.017238632, "trade_balance_usd": -11172163.150382537, "export_partner_count": 45, "import_partner_count": 32, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Australia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 21097909.020214316, "imports_usd": 10916828.538853807, "trade_balance_usd": 10181080.481360508, "export_partner_count": 104, "import_partner_count": 52, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 5428470.185685415, "imports_usd": 10413277.938953428, "trade_balance_usd": -4984807.753268013, "export_partner_count": 99, "import_partner_count": 31, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 6998411.564505149, "imports_usd": 9832415.536857698, "trade_balance_usd": -2834003.9723525494, "export_partner_count": 88, "import_partner_count": 40, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SGP", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 6557160.780001635, "imports_usd": 9592317.507359238, "trade_balance_usd": -3035156.7273576036, "export_partner_count": 45, "import_partner_count": 37, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Singapore" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ARE", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 1887742.2434049072, "imports_usd": 9155781.046477485, "trade_balance_usd": -7268038.803072578, "export_partner_count": 59, "import_partner_count": 38, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "United Arab Emirates" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "JPN", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 1067546.780448728, "imports_usd": 8866458.541868698, "trade_balance_usd": -7798911.76141997, "export_partner_count": 43, "import_partner_count": 23, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Japan" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CAN", "hs4": 7316, "exports_usd": 2394458.4576671203, "imports_usd": 8669334.13445127, "trade_balance_usd": -6274875.67678415, "export_partner_count": 57, "import_partner_count": 35, "active_hs6_count": 1, "country_name": "Canada" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "731600", "product_name": "Iron or steel: anchors, grapnels and parts thereof" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }