{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Iron or steel (other than cast iron) (HS4 7304) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for iron or steel (other than cast iron) at HS4 7304, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
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    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
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    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7304/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7304/index.md",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7304",
    "name": "Iron or steel (other than cast iron)"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The iron or steel (other than cast iron) subsector recorded $28.4B in reported global trade in 2024, with -10.3% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 28382557246.555027,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -10.327440375303384,
    "activeExporters": 181,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 13
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 9.773804940218822,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.331901543724113,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 43988698697.321335,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 65.51724137931035,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1447.3973544342575,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 477.7860800606668,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.48614353330189863
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 8339600880.362257,
      "corridor_count": 3601,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9206667902.175716,
      "corridor_count": 3670,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9001869424.912947,
      "corridor_count": 3746,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9033041173.39116,
      "corridor_count": 3874,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 6712071944.098428,
      "corridor_count": 4003,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 7403305535.742441,
      "corridor_count": 4611,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9076116485.664396,
      "corridor_count": 4833,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9256307873.5129,
      "corridor_count": 5029,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 9944547278.056967,
      "corridor_count": 5161,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 13629124556.16904,
      "corridor_count": 5285,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 20624517799.951385,
      "corridor_count": 5644,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 27888709664.149384,
      "corridor_count": 5697,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 34947129868.280334,
      "corridor_count": 5829,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 43988698697.321335,
      "corridor_count": 5956,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 29154524734.45032,
      "corridor_count": 6054,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 28740605428.80514,
      "corridor_count": 6098,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 36757752898.114746,
      "corridor_count": 6434,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 38296077997.95881,
      "corridor_count": 6615,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 36341950873.036545,
      "corridor_count": 6586,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 36578291393.12658,
      "corridor_count": 6812,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 26111029969.07464,
      "corridor_count": 6878,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 20301592682.339252,
      "corridor_count": 6835,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 23075871252.36813,
      "corridor_count": 6750,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 26895018527.18776,
      "corridor_count": 7122,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 25292764533.230007,
      "corridor_count": 7024,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 19564834535.601925,
      "corridor_count": 6632,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 21456326490.351498,
      "corridor_count": 6781,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 29816258521.285324,
      "corridor_count": 6911,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 32152960141.13444,
      "corridor_count": 7072,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 7304,
      "global_trade_usd": 28382557246.555027,
      "corridor_count": 6873,
      "active_hs6_count": 13
    }
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      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 360474294.0744606,
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      "distance_km": 6430,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
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      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.05214629114545452,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "United Arab Emirates"
    },
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      "importer_name": "Thailand"
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      "corridor_rank": 9,
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      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
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      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 7253,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898989,
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      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "Saudi Arabia"
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      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 20.309171009661053,
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      "country_name": "Mexico"
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      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "country_name": "Brazil"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 612401609.8419104,
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      "country_name": "Austria"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 387059049.92100203,
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      "export_partner_count": 159,
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      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "country_name": "Germany"
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      "export_partner_count": 124,
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      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -298317424.4352008,
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      "active_hs6_count": 13,
      "country_name": "India"
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  ],
  "products": [
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      "hs_code": "730410",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (other than cast iron): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730411",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, of stainless steel"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730419",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730420",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (other than cast iron): seamless casing, tubing and drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730421",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel: drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730422",
      "product_name": "Steel, stainless: seamless, drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730423",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730424",
      "product_name": "Steel, stainless: seamless, casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730429",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel: casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730431",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, cold-drawn or cold-rolled, tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730439",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730441",
      "product_name": "Steel, stainless: cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), tubes and pipes of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730449",
      "product_name": "Steel, stainless: (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes and pipes of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730451",
      "product_name": "Steel, alloy (not stainless steel): seamless, cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730459",
      "product_name": "Steel, alloy (not stainless steel): (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-section"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "730490",
      "product_name": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, n.e.c. in heading no. 7304"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}