{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:45.567Z",
  "title": "HS4 7228 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 7228 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7228/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 7228",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7228"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7228/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "7228",
  "parentHs2": "72",
  "subsectorName": "Steel, alloy",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "7228",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 11748574587.986383,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 13655121337.970955,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 12975463559.880373,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 13896083742.935526,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -6.1973740220074625,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": -1.4905311737041793,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": -4.395725773776505,
    "historical_peak_usd": 18416711683.488377,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 36.206990748953054,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -11.60573675858705,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.8016482482309577,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1160.4001643095062,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 492.4749032665847,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5136672415667828,
    "active_corridor_count": 3763,
    "active_exporter_count": 145,
    "active_importer_count": 198,
    "active_hs6_count": 8,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 11748574587.986383,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 3804727797.9998827,
    "topFiveSharePct": 11.090068553689424,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
      "value": 337309260.4582741,
      "cagr3": 6.846725924593455,
      "cagr5": 9.51666986249522,
      "cagr10": 2.5599804589862662,
      "share": 2.871065403995417,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 362496985.2865174,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.9483956696453335,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -6.1973740220074625,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -1.4905311737041793,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": -4.395725773776505,
    "latestYoyPct": -11.60573675858705,
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 18416711683.488377,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2014,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 36.206990748953054,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1160.4001643095062,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 492.4749032665847,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5136672415667828,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands to Mexico leads the reported HS4 7228 routes with $337.3M in 2024 and +6.8% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $11.7B in latest reported trade, with -6.2% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
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      "cagr3": 6.846725924593455,
      "cagr5": 9.51666986249522,
      "cagr10": 2.5599804589862662,
      "share": 2.871065403995417,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 362496985.2865174,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.9483956696453335,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
      "value": 323638889.4100466,
      "cagr3": -20.31672675659553,
      "cagr5": -12.92886405504563,
      "cagr10": -12.029661414149839,
      "share": 2.7547077050605493,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.1297884190808081,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.01621420555959599,
      "distanceKm": 867,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1165998702.227427,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2014,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
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      "rank": 3,
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      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Canada",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.031168520881953585,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
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      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
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      "cagr10": -8.675543316214318,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.059352995124909096,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.12010865914781818,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2016,
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "ITA",
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      "exporterName": "Italy",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr5": 4.505856805541919,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
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      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "France",
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      "cagr3": -6.259342158032788,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 280975229.88459176,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "CHL",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Chile",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
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      "cagr3": -1.6005135972615214,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.13133089538455756,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "AUT",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Austria",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 160099578.348192,
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      "distanceKm": 524,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 237744628.882062,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
      "importerIso3": "THA",
      "exporterName": "Japan",
      "importerName": "Thailand",
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      "cagr3": -9.282757739388959,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
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      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Belgium",
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    },
    {
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      "importerIso3": "CHN",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "ESP",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 121450920.88140097,
      "cagr3": 0.21443484078744746,
      "cagr5": 6.120746952591949,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
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      "distanceKm": 1872,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 151118730.38900793,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
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      "cagr3": 19.75350215387264,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09186697906323232,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029662528486666655,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06806308525272728,
      "distanceKm": 8004,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.371047165944624,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "India",
      "value": 114809636.57782944,
      "cagr3": 16.338199088974335,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.5307908369111112,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.45301342082222223,
      "distanceKm": 4252,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 266486192.86839697,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2014,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 56.91722886576428,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "China",
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