{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Steel, stainless (HS4 7223) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for steel, stainless at HS4 7223, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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  "publisher": {
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    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
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  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7223/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7223/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7223/index.json",
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    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7223",
    "name": "Steel, stainless"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The steel, stainless subsector recorded $2.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -4.3% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 2479521886.7509227,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -4.282584573890169,
    "activeExporters": 127,
    "activeImporters": 193,
    "activeHs6Products": 1
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -3.1007461858570617,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.9202837556622674,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 3038257816.3197846,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 51.724137931034484,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 754.2757145418852,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 457.0902475527808,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4136273554835255
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      "hs4": 7223,
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      "active_hs6_count": 1
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      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7223,
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      "corridor_count": 1727,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
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      "year": 1997,
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      "global_trade_usd": 732677790.4674388,
      "corridor_count": 1685,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7223,
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      "corridor_count": 1675,
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    },
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      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 7223,
      "global_trade_usd": 736535045.0157604,
      "corridor_count": 1928,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
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      "year": 2000,
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      "year": 2001,
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      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7223,
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      "year": 2003,
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      "corridor_count": 2279,
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      "year": 2006,
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      "year": 2007,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2359192506.1771145,
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      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7223,
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      "corridor_count": 2762,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7223,
      "global_trade_usd": 1995307122.3403141,
      "corridor_count": 2873,
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      "year": 2011,
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      "corridor_count": 3013,
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      "year": 2012,
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      "corridor_count": 3101,
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    },
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      "year": 2013,
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      "year": 2015,
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      "year": 2016,
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      "year": 2017,
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      "year": 2019,
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      "year": 2020,
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  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "722300",
      "product_name": "Steel, stainless: wire"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}