{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Iron or non-alloy steel (HS4 7216) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for iron or non-alloy steel at HS4 7216, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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    "sameAs": [
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  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
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    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7216/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7216/index.md",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7216",
    "name": "Iron or non-alloy steel"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The iron or non-alloy steel subsector recorded $16.6B in reported global trade in 2024, with -9.5% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 16632331831.179857,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -9.535077052523553,
    "activeExporters": 166,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 12
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.443844783587623,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.349465294491961,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 25101595120.871418,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 55.172413793103445,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1019.742717723264,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 360.2982304042296,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.44609675349387373
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  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5427381761.523107,
      "corridor_count": 2790,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5064118398.357253,
      "corridor_count": 2838,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5015866446.487372,
      "corridor_count": 2888,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5408393383.433434,
      "corridor_count": 2916,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 4985589710.438646,
      "corridor_count": 3334,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5731231726.481556,
      "corridor_count": 3666,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5190178977.494587,
      "corridor_count": 3656,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 5246038198.190357,
      "corridor_count": 3660,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 6673653714.609629,
      "corridor_count": 3735,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 10539444327.229061,
      "corridor_count": 3944,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 10832315955.62866,
      "corridor_count": 4077,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 14008185138.284166,
      "corridor_count": 4162,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 20311145368.06509,
      "corridor_count": 4243,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 25101595120.871418,
      "corridor_count": 4367,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 11403170057.232872,
      "corridor_count": 4395,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 14248156572.167662,
      "corridor_count": 4301,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 17835308875.663395,
      "corridor_count": 4384,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 16993100536.593971,
      "corridor_count": 4526,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 15670065823.722805,
      "corridor_count": 4510,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 15475795947.702213,
      "corridor_count": 4659,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 12835642401.746183,
      "corridor_count": 4667,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 11396897790.89422,
      "corridor_count": 4676,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 12375166750.176638,
      "corridor_count": 4672,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 14922677705.27164,
      "corridor_count": 4793,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 13443179605.273275,
      "corridor_count": 4722,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 11524481685.17927,
      "corridor_count": 4450,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 17913857408.741753,
      "corridor_count": 4515,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
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      "corridor_count": 4557,
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      "year": 2023,
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      "global_trade_usd": 17945676510.812843,
      "corridor_count": 4675,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 7216,
      "global_trade_usd": 16632331831.179857,
      "corridor_count": 4639,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Spain",
      "importer_name": "France"
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    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: U sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more"
    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: I sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more"
    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: H sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more"
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.c. in heading no. 7216, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded"
    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no.7216, cold-formed or cold-finished"
    },
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      "hs_code": "721661",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or cold-finished, obtained from flat-rolled products"
    },
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      "hs_code": "721669",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not obtained from flat-rolled products)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721690",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections n.e.s. in heading no. 7216"
    },
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      "hs_code": "721691",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no. 7216, cold-formed or cold-finished, from flat-rolled products"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721699",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no. 7216"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}