{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Iron or non-alloy steel (HS4 7213) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for iron or non-alloy steel at HS4 7213, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
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    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7213/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/7213/index.md",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "7213",
    "name": "Iron or non-alloy steel"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The iron or non-alloy steel subsector recorded $13.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with -5.8% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 13161904344.239033,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -5.8180774976134195,
    "activeExporters": 132,
    "activeImporters": 197,
    "activeHs6Products": 4
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Rapid decline",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -10.129341161422001,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.5779576218580624,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 18253279380.336548,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 51.724137931034484,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 905.2022363217227,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 543.3629221398116,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4134319224176759
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 5187777601.077977,
      "corridor_count": 1865,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4835419241.39995,
      "corridor_count": 1820,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4656103188.296605,
      "corridor_count": 1881,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4144630072.111249,
      "corridor_count": 1824,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4137295076.4413743,
      "corridor_count": 1985,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4605430930.97057,
      "corridor_count": 2099,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 4430353804.919521,
      "corridor_count": 2088,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 5050274362.48512,
      "corridor_count": 2007,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 5984300994.448086,
      "corridor_count": 2111,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 9898036156.065279,
      "corridor_count": 2223,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 10131759229.647396,
      "corridor_count": 2264,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 11659718959.15982,
      "corridor_count": 2234,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
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      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 13649860295.632685,
      "corridor_count": 2202,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 16299989032.703972,
      "corridor_count": 2384,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 8765327742.59516,
      "corridor_count": 2418,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 12262145734.39882,
      "corridor_count": 2359,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 15469854269.490217,
      "corridor_count": 2422,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 13854557344.64254,
      "corridor_count": 2374,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 12795745806.237885,
      "corridor_count": 2377,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 12515255885.60857,
      "corridor_count": 2279,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 9552382676.693348,
      "corridor_count": 2448,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 8952457110.59959,
      "corridor_count": 2292,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 10481384783.505682,
      "corridor_count": 2279,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 13351711875.24294,
      "corridor_count": 2403,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 7213,
      "global_trade_usd": 11589067468.050285,
      "corridor_count": 2274,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
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      "global_trade_usd": 10346177130.235237,
      "corridor_count": 2221,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "year": 2022,
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      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process"
    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter"
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, not of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter"
    },
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      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, of circular cross-section less than 14mm in diameter"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721349",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, other than circular cross-section less than 14mm in diameter"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721350",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721391",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "721399",
      "product_name": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.c. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring 14mm or more in diameter"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}