{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone (HS4 6810) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for cement, concrete or artificial stone at HS4 6810, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/6810/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/6810/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/6810/index.json",
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  },
  "internalLinks": {
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    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "6810",
    "name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The cement, concrete or artificial stone subsector recorded $11.0B in reported global trade in 2024, with -3.1% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 10976139441.051315,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -3.113073801320132,
    "activeExporters": 178,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 4
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -4.42229360896812,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.1746032028077344,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 12695640291.981602,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 75.86206896551724,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1024.49809704166,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 927.3474970509264,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5890655908072074
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 1407792487.763115,
      "corridor_count": 2050,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 1549903772.4654076,
      "corridor_count": 2163,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 1617466393.3847895,
      "corridor_count": 2225,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 1722203665.5341334,
      "corridor_count": 2290,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 2183698084.53049,
      "corridor_count": 2493,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 2232212233.3647537,
      "corridor_count": 2921,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 2199264867.657939,
      "corridor_count": 2949,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 2453297925.2449527,
      "corridor_count": 3106,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 2784386449.1580834,
      "corridor_count": 3184,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 3367405084.0653725,
      "corridor_count": 3356,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 3873821960.7630672,
      "corridor_count": 3564,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 4419588368.313961,
      "corridor_count": 3851,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 5341762485.016294,
      "corridor_count": 4010,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 5855720380.205462,
      "corridor_count": 4115,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 4522503456.187821,
      "corridor_count": 3982,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 4742022031.892821,
      "corridor_count": 4144,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 5807742476.035812,
      "corridor_count": 4201,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 5941030538.237509,
      "corridor_count": 4406,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 7079175876.783582,
      "corridor_count": 4388,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 7654137866.485258,
      "corridor_count": 4615,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 7816428689.142458,
      "corridor_count": 4700,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
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      "global_trade_usd": 7735023216.509831,
      "corridor_count": 4817,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 8837185988.379631,
      "corridor_count": 4806,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 9915882939.491276,
      "corridor_count": 4868,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 9856774401.990211,
      "corridor_count": 4913,
      "active_hs6_count": 4
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 6810,
      "global_trade_usd": 9783885071.240269,
      "corridor_count": 4708,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "corridor_count": 4987,
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      "year": 2022,
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Malaysia",
      "importer_name": "Singapore"
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 28.84884341869315,
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      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 556,
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      "export_partner_count": 140,
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      "active_hs6_count": 4,
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      "export_partner_count": 114,
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      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Viet Nam"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": 348185686.86947155,
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      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": 133517460.62359774,
      "export_partner_count": 107,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 201354536.3111927,
      "export_partner_count": 136,
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      "active_hs6_count": 4,
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    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 239567803.91614175,
      "export_partner_count": 86,
      "import_partner_count": 44,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Thailand"
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      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "country_name": "Singapore"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": -443150418.47693205,
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    },
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      "export_partner_count": 133,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -342785504.4419524,
      "export_partner_count": 132,
      "import_partner_count": 86,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CAN",
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      "imports_usd": 406589433.28305495,
      "trade_balance_usd": -168372288.07274812,
      "export_partner_count": 63,
      "import_partner_count": 77,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "HKG",
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      "imports_usd": 305941762.2768978,
      "trade_balance_usd": -299275410.6909316,
      "export_partner_count": 89,
      "import_partner_count": 38,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 211648476.788463,
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      "export_partner_count": 107,
      "import_partner_count": 54,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Belgium"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHE",
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      "exports_usd": 8343272.456032589,
      "imports_usd": 206769606.90108013,
      "trade_balance_usd": -198426334.44504756,
      "export_partner_count": 67,
      "import_partner_count": 67,
      "active_hs6_count": 4,
      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "681011",
      "product_name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone: building blocks or bricks, whether or not reinforced"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "681019",
      "product_name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone: tiles, flagstones and similar, (excluding building blocks and bricks) whether or not reinforced"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "681020",
      "product_name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone: pipes, whether or not reinforced"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "681091",
      "product_name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone: prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering, whether or not reinforced"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "681099",
      "product_name": "Cement, concrete or artificial stone: articles (other than prefabricated structural components for building or civil engineering), whether or not reinforced, n.e.s. in heading no. 6810"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}