{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Printed matter (HS4 4901) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for printed matter at HS4 4901, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4901", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4901/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4901/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4901/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4901/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "4901", "name": "Printed matter" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The printed matter subsector recorded $14.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -6.5% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 14549885786.342176, "latestAnnualChangePct": -6.504528264522332, "activeExporters": 199, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 3 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.974561653265051, "tradeCagr5yPct": -1.7777777062099043, "historicalPeakUsd": 18925147209.118954, "historicalPeakYear": 2008, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 58.62068965517241, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1019.3492582347534, "importerConcentrationHhi": 492.4261822230312, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.1864997244148479 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 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"export_partner_count": 188, "import_partner_count": 145, "active_hs6_count": 3, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 4901, "exports_usd": 701826210.4532105, "imports_usd": 533176013.8992295, "trade_balance_usd": 168650196.55398095, "export_partner_count": 177, "import_partner_count": 145, "active_hs6_count": 3, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CHE", "hs4": 4901, "exports_usd": 64930385.0408479, "imports_usd": 479303019.23266387, "trade_balance_usd": -414372634.191816, "export_partner_count": 163, "import_partner_count": 145, "active_hs6_count": 3, "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "AUT", "hs4": 4901, "exports_usd": 62260262.351481706, "imports_usd": 450437107.1926946, "trade_balance_usd": -388176844.84121287, "export_partner_count": 152, "import_partner_count": 119, "active_hs6_count": 3, "country_name": "Austria" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 4901, "exports_usd": 726875305.2916096, "imports_usd": 363652850.5280697, "trade_balance_usd": 363222454.76353997, "export_partner_count": 138, "import_partner_count": 114, "active_hs6_count": 3, "country_name": "Poland" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "490110", "product_name": "Printed matter: in single sheets, whether or not folded" }, { "hs_code": "490191", "product_name": "Printed matter: dictionaries, encyclopaedias and serial instalments thereof" }, { "hs_code": "490199", "product_name": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }