{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or... (HS4 4105) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or... at HS4 4105, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
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    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "4105",
    "name": "Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or..."
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or... subsector recorded $254.0M in reported global trade in 2024, with -10.2% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 253992913.07947868,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -10.19967801109814,
    "activeExporters": 111,
    "activeImporters": 101,
    "activeHs6Products": 2
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  "growthAndStructure": {
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    "tradeCagr3yPct": -7.159864980942066,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -6.067839728159708,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1126769007.5264401,
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    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1621.656464773564,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 2276.7013777350376,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.3984057116469339
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      "year": 2002,
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      "country_name": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)"
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  "products": [
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      "hs_code": "410510",
      "product_name": "Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state ( including wet blue)"
    },
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      "product_name": "Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), vegetable pre-tanned, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "410512",
      "product_name": "Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), pre-tanned (not vegetable pre-tanned), whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "410519",
      "product_name": "Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), whether or not split, n.e.s. in heading no. 4105 (not pre-tanned), excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "410520",
      "product_name": "Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, parchment-dressed or prepared after tanning, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "410530",
      "product_name": "Tanned or crust skins: of sheep or lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}