# HS4 4101 top trade corridors | Yugalinks

> Published by **Yugalinks**, global trade intelligence for growing businesses.
>
> [Follow Yugalinks on LinkedIn](https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks)

Explore reported HS4 4101 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.

Canonical: https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4101/corridors

## Page details

- Page type: HS4 subsector top trade corridors
- HS4: **4101 - Hides and skins**
- Parent sector: [HS2 41 overview](https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/41)
- Coverage: 1995-2024
- Publisher: [Yugalinks](https://www.yugalinks.com/)

## Answer

USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands to China leads the reported HS4 4101 routes with $410.4M in 2024 and -8.8% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $2.6B in latest reported trade, with -6.1% calculated three-year growth.

## Explore Yugalinks

- [Open HS4 4101 in the workspace](https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=4101)
- [Read the HS4 overview](https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4101)
- [Read the parent HS2 overview](https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/41)
- [Review data sources](https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources)
- [Check data coverage](https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage)
- [Read the methodology](https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology)
- [Read Responsible AI principles](https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai)

## Summary and indicators

| Measure | Value | Interpretation |
| --- | ---: | --- |
| Latest reported HS4 trade | $2.6B | Reported value in 2024 |
| Displayed corridor value | $1.7B | Sum of the routes shown |
| HS4 3-year CAGR | -6.1% | Calculated annualized change |
| HS4 5-year CAGR | -0.5% | Calculated annualized change |
| HS4 10-year CAGR | -9.3% | Calculated annualized change |
| Latest year-on-year change | -18.7% | Calculated change from the prior year |
| Reported trend | Declining | Available HS4 trend label |
| Historical peak | $6.9B in 2014 | Reported-history comparison |
| Latest below peak | 62.2% | Calculated peak comparison |
| Exporter / importer HHI | 1,009.6 / 2,081.5 | Calculated concentration indicators |
| Trade volatility | 0.3 | Calculated variation in annual values |
| Active corridors / exporters / importers / HS6 | 1,536 / 149 / 148 / 3 | Latest available breadth |

## Growth leaders

- **Poland -> China**: +20.2% calculated three-year CAGR, $25.1M latest reported value, 1% market share, trend Rapid growth.
- **Netherlands -> Italy**: +11.8% calculated three-year CAGR, $123.1M latest reported value, 4.7% market share, trend Rapid growth.
- **Ireland -> China**: +11.5% calculated three-year CAGR, $49.7M latest reported value, 1.9% market share, trend Rapid growth.
- **USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands -> Brazil**: +9.2% calculated three-year CAGR, $29.7M latest reported value, 1.1% market share, trend Growing.
- **United Kingdom -> China**: +7.3% calculated three-year CAGR, $26.3M latest reported value, 1% market share, trend Growing.

## Access and tariff context

FTA status, tariff fields, and distance are route context. Group averages below are calculated from the displayed routes and are not tariff recommendations.

| Access group | Reported route value | Routes | Average 3-year CAGR | Average applied tariff | Average tariff advantage |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| FTA reported | $870.1M | 13 | -6% | 0.1% | +0.1 pp |
| No FTA reported | $810.5M | 12 | -1.3% | 0.3% | Not reported |

- Lowest reported applied tariff route: **France -> Italy** at 0%.
- Largest reported tariff advantage route: **New Zealand -> China** at +0.2 pp.

## Full corridor table

| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Latest trade | 3-year CAGR | 5-year CAGR | 10-year CAGR | Market share | FTA / access | Applied tariff | MFN tariff | Preferential tariff | Tariff advantage | Distance | Historical peak | Latest below peak | Years | Trend |
| ---: | --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 1 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | China | $410.4M | -8.8% | +1% | -11.5% | 15.7% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 11,883 km | $1.4B (2013) | 71.5% | 30 | Declining |
| 2 | Australia | China | $172.9M | +7.2% | +4.2% | -11.4% | 6.6% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.1% | +0.2 pp | 8,024 km | $581.9M (2014) | 70.3% | 30 | Growing |
| 3 | France | Italy | $160.4M | -1.4% | +0.9% | -8% | 6.1% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,106 km | $368.1M (2014) | 56.4% | 30 | Stable |
| 4 | Netherlands | Italy | $123.1M | +11.8% | +3.4% | -3% | 4.7% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,298 km | $166.8M (2014) | 26.2% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 5 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Mexico | $75.4M | -14.1% | -6% | -4.2% | 2.9% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 3,359 km | $203.8M (1999) | 63% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 6 | Argentina | China | $71.5M | +6.8% | +71.5% | +63.9% | 2.7% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 19,629 km | $73.3M (2023) | 2.4% | 26 | Growing |
| 7 | Canada | China | $66.3M | -11.8% | -6.7% | -10.6% | 2.5% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 11,441 km | $204.3M (2014) | 67.6% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 8 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Republic of Korea | $62.0M | -18.9% | -15.7% | -17.7% | 2.4% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 11,077 km | $756.4M (1995) | 91.8% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 9 | Spain | Italy | $53.1M | -1.4% | +0.9% | -4.9% | 2% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,366 km | $87.6M (2014) | 39.4% | 30 | Stable |
| 10 | Germany | Italy | $50.7M | -5.9% | -1.4% | -8% | 1.9% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,184 km | $118.8M (2013) | 57.3% | 30 | Declining |
| 11 | Ireland | China | $49.7M | +11.5% | +13.5% | -0.7% | 1.9% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 9,368 km | $53.3M (2014) | 6.6% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 12 | Switzerland, Liechtenstein | Italy | $42.0M | +3.2% | -0.9% | -4.4% | 1.6% | FTA reported | 0% | 0.1% | 0% | +0 pp | 684 km | $66.1M (2014) | 36.5% | 30 | Growing |
| 13 | New Zealand | China | $36.4M | -4.9% | +8.1% | -1.6% | 1.4% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.1% | +0.2 pp | 9,361 km | $58.5M (2015) | 37.8% | 30 | Declining |
| 14 | Netherlands | China | $34.1M | -9% | -0.3% | -11.1% | 1.3% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 8,894 km | $110.7M (2014) | 69.2% | 30 | Declining |
| 15 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Thailand | $30.8M | -16.1% | -9.4% | -4.3% | 1.2% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 13,951 km | $100.1M (2017) | 69.2% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 16 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Brazil | $29.7M | +9.2% | +30.5% | +91.3% | 1.1% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 7,658 km | $29.7M (2024) | 0% | 30 | Growing |
| 17 | Germany | Netherlands | $28.2M | -9.4% | -6.6% | -11.7% | 1.1% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 579 km | $97.5M (2014) | 71.1% | 30 | Declining |
| 18 | United Kingdom | China | $26.3M | +7.3% | +11.3% | -7.9% | 1% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 9,217 km | $67.1M (2015) | 60.8% | 30 | Growing |
| 19 | Poland | China | $25.1M | +20.2% | +91% | +74.8% | 1% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 7,985 km | $25.1M (2024) | 0% | 23 | Rapid growth |
| 20 | Spain | China | $23.5M | -7.3% | -5.9% | -1.5% | 0.9% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 10,277 km | $43.8M (2016) | 46.3% | 30 | Declining |
| 21 | Austria | Germany | $22.7M | -13.4% | -8.4% | -9.7% | 0.9% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 524 km | $65.6M (2017) | 65.4% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 22 | France | China | $22.3M | -7.1% | +7.1% | -5.8% | 0.9% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 9,284 km | $40.5M (2014) | 45% | 30 | Declining |
| 23 | United Kingdom | Italy | $22.2M | -23.5% | -12.8% | -13.5% | 0.8% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,435 km | $95.2M (2014) | 76.7% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 24 | Belgium | Netherlands | $21.0M | -6.7% | -5.5% | -8.7% | 0.8% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 174 km | $52.7M (2017) | 60.1% | 26 | Declining |
| 25 | Italy | China | $20.9M | -10.7% | +17.9% | -2.7% | 0.8% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 9,138 km | $44.0M (2013) | 52.5% | 30 | Rapid decline |

## Definitions

Latest trade values are reported merchandise trade observations. CAGR, market share, HHI, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated indicators over the available history. FTA, tariffs, and distance provide route context where available. Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed or presented as forecasts.

## Data sources

- Primary trade series: OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). [OECD Data Explorer](https://data-explorer.oecd.org/) - [OECD Terms & Conditions](https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/)
- CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601): [dataset page](https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37) - [BACI documentation](https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html) - [Etalab 2.0 Open Licence](https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf)

This page presents derived Yugalinks views of reported observations and calculated indicators.

## Continue your research

- [Open the HS4 workspace](https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=4101)
- [Read the HS4 overview](https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4101)
- [Read the HS2 overview](https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/41)
- [Review data sources](https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources)
- [Check data coverage](https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage)
- [Read methodology](https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology)
- [Read Responsible AI principles](https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai)