{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Rubber (HS4 4013) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for rubber at HS4 4013, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4013",
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    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4013/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4013/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/4013/index.json",
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  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "4013",
    "name": "Rubber"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The rubber subsector recorded $1.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with +7.2% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 1150169909.8623648,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 7.15182651204167,
    "activeExporters": 150,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 3
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -5.530430667716968,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.5955628739171335,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1423882139.0244174,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 55.172413793103445,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2896.575293534979,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 258.3675359159552,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.33760611044793576
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 633316460.7839258,
      "corridor_count": 3481,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 675557164.1986029,
      "corridor_count": 3531,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 645819978.4883844,
      "corridor_count": 3553,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 556807793.2863613,
      "corridor_count": 3471,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 489267495.38877153,
      "corridor_count": 3585,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 501818405.6490959,
      "corridor_count": 4168,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 479744485.9885999,
      "corridor_count": 4095,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 495293149.3948523,
      "corridor_count": 4153,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 532865293.6941418,
      "corridor_count": 4140,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 622751642.7773656,
      "corridor_count": 4124,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "global_trade_usd": 671424544.934624,
      "corridor_count": 3979,
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    },
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 4013,
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      "corridor_count": 4128,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2007,
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      "global_trade_usd": 936752561.8517588,
      "corridor_count": 4113,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "corridor_count": 4162,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 991294917.665516,
      "corridor_count": 4164,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1148393903.9237297,
      "corridor_count": 4121,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1379688089.8521912,
      "corridor_count": 4191,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2012,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1423882139.0244174,
      "corridor_count": 4349,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1403877299.2508633,
      "corridor_count": 4266,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1366989244.731497,
      "corridor_count": 4401,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1169468445.8700209,
      "corridor_count": 4387,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1079295715.1650348,
      "corridor_count": 4452,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1068601986.1907014,
      "corridor_count": 4493,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1071074427.8517983,
      "corridor_count": 4434,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1062645231.1949401,
      "corridor_count": 4499,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 4013,
      "global_trade_usd": 1065639461.4302669,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
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      "corridor_rank": 9,
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      "importer_iso3": "PHL",
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.2516481971428775,
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      "trend_label": "Declining",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 1841,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.19094782447393938,
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      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "Colombia"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 78091968.50713046,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 30501992.5825432,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -20493834.74062954,
      "export_partner_count": 99,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
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      "trade_balance_usd": 14627158.469658345,
      "export_partner_count": 66,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Serbia"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 5160547.136745819,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "export_partner_count": 73,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Brazil"
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      "trade_balance_usd": -41304982.861195885,
      "export_partner_count": 47,
      "import_partner_count": 47,
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      "country_name": "Mexico"
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      "trade_balance_usd": -14298392.750940077,
      "export_partner_count": 125,
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      "country_name": "Netherlands"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 37074155.718696736,
      "trade_balance_usd": -26108737.02044613,
      "export_partner_count": 114,
      "import_partner_count": 60,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -21751614.407821883,
      "export_partner_count": 103,
      "import_partner_count": 35,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "PHL",
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      "imports_usd": 24117490.49857189,
      "trade_balance_usd": -22942659.1668351,
      "export_partner_count": 19,
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Philippines"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
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      "exports_usd": 8487966.915406812,
      "imports_usd": 23205544.192400947,
      "trade_balance_usd": -14717577.276994135,
      "export_partner_count": 84,
      "import_partner_count": 53,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Spain"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "THA",
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      "exports_usd": 53294881.35955019,
      "imports_usd": 22792888.77700699,
      "trade_balance_usd": 30501992.5825432,
      "export_partner_count": 130,
      "import_partner_count": 35,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Thailand"
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "401310",
      "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, of a kind used on motorcars (including station wagons and racing cars), buses and lorries"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "401320",
      "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, of a kind used on bicycles"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "401390",
      "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, n.e.s. in heading no. 4013"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}