{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Casein (HS4 3501) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for casein at HS4 3501, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3501", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3501/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3501/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3501/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3501/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "3501", "name": "Casein" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The casein subsector recorded $2.7B in reported global trade in 2024, with -16.8% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 2706355179.6300707, "latestAnnualChangePct": -16.783547965298823, "activeExporters": 102, "activeImporters": 178, "activeHs6Products": 2 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.8582559052497736, "tradeCagr5yPct": 6.509606930299805, "historicalPeakUsd": 3852468794.212291, "historicalPeakYear": 2022, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1969.3288357597926, "importerConcentrationHhi": 913.1819051894079, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.2944659040791833 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 3501, 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}, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ARG", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 29641056.386790164, "imports_usd": 9573808.149847412, "trade_balance_usd": 20067248.236942753, "export_partner_count": 9, "import_partner_count": 12, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Argentina" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 69134746.76321267, "imports_usd": 497853796.2444696, "trade_balance_usd": -428719049.4812569, "export_partner_count": 86, "import_partner_count": 26, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CHN", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 4580461.004878584, "imports_usd": 441919250.35248744, "trade_balance_usd": -437338789.34760886, "export_partner_count": 74, "import_partner_count": 28, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 173972296.4400796, "imports_usd": 178780385.15153056, "trade_balance_usd": -4808088.711450964, "export_partner_count": 109, "import_partner_count": 31, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 405848630.9648859, "imports_usd": 155479512.06597504, "trade_balance_usd": 250369118.89891085, "export_partner_count": 93, "import_partner_count": 35, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "MEX", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 518082.58617800334, "imports_usd": 152823752.46382648, "trade_balance_usd": -152305669.87764847, "export_partner_count": 11, "import_partner_count": 19, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Mexico" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "JPN", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 235232.6787641962, "imports_usd": 135516265.21819633, "trade_balance_usd": -135281032.53943214, "export_partner_count": 21, "import_partner_count": 20, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Japan" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 9498735.734036922, "imports_usd": 85019385.61359408, "trade_balance_usd": -75520649.87955716, "export_partner_count": 51, "import_partner_count": 25, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Spain" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 85391298.51806918, "imports_usd": 79173655.3192561, "trade_balance_usd": 6217643.198813081, "export_partner_count": 69, "import_partner_count": 27, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 586281.0953978396, "imports_usd": 73404686.68162405, "trade_balance_usd": -72818405.58622621, "export_partner_count": 16, "import_partner_count": 21, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 3501, "exports_usd": 4637195.4920091815, "imports_usd": 68708262.49641506, "trade_balance_usd": -64071067.004405886, "export_partner_count": 60, "import_partner_count": 26, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Italy" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "350110", "product_name": "Casein" }, { "hs_code": "350190", "product_name": "Caseinates and other casein derivatives: casein glues" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }