{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations (HS4 3405) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for polishes, creams and similar preparations at HS4 3405, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
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  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
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    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
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    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
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        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3405/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3405/index.md",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "3405",
    "name": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The polishes, creams and similar preparations subsector recorded $3.1B in reported global trade in 2024, with +5.7% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 3069534423.4687676,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 5.689277306906108,
    "activeExporters": 165,
    "activeImporters": 199,
    "activeHs6Products": 5
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 0.3684517416573607,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.405242377326046,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 3069534423.4687676,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1378.831252078885,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 632.4946041570017,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.41209876848358257
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 740968639.0115362,
      "corridor_count": 2848,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
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    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 761498167.3796905,
      "corridor_count": 2863,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
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      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 775328588.0508075,
      "corridor_count": 2842,
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    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 720946917.5219312,
      "corridor_count": 2994,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 828269962.3888273,
      "corridor_count": 3205,
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    },
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      "year": 2000,
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      "corridor_count": 4065,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 875813674.0661268,
      "corridor_count": 4118,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 994148519.8753045,
      "corridor_count": 4329,
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    },
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      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 1211942084.7608566,
      "corridor_count": 4396,
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 3405,
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      "corridor_count": 4475,
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      "year": 2007,
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      "year": 2008,
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      "corridor_count": 4868,
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    },
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      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 3405,
      "global_trade_usd": 1830940342.2500231,
      "corridor_count": 4993,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 3405,
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      "corridor_count": 5089,
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    },
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      "year": 2011,
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      "corridor_count": 5236,
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      "year": 2012,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2466322019.245521,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2398149632.1349435,
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      "year": 2018,
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      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 3405,
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      "year": 2020,
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.173199150567288,
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 33.1329940727286,
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      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.749211827065697,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 5310,
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      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
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      "importer_name": "Singapore"
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      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
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      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "Malaysia"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 635606676.3297324,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Germany"
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      "export_partner_count": 111,
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      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
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      "export_partner_count": 188,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
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      "exports_usd": 103693438.4768548,
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      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 90637473.23040107,
      "trade_balance_usd": -14016712.095939755,
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      "import_partner_count": 73,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "France"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 16040991.277016804,
      "export_partner_count": 140,
      "import_partner_count": 54,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Italy"
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      "export_partner_count": 188,
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      "country_name": "Taiwan"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 2585008.3527127206,
      "export_partner_count": 111,
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      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": -90631252.97566508,
      "export_partner_count": 75,
      "import_partner_count": 50,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Singapore"
    },
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      "export_partner_count": 157,
      "import_partner_count": 73,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "BEL",
      "hs4": 3405,
      "exports_usd": 55490299.165560454,
      "imports_usd": 80309348.78197439,
      "trade_balance_usd": -24819049.616413936,
      "export_partner_count": 148,
      "import_partner_count": 54,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Belgium"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "exports_usd": 125424241.27497046,
      "imports_usd": 62004976.431790635,
      "trade_balance_usd": 63419264.84317982,
      "export_partner_count": 145,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "hs4": 3405,
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      "imports_usd": 61957206.41846754,
      "trade_balance_usd": 4155403.8165258467,
      "export_partner_count": 119,
      "import_partner_count": 63,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "340510",
      "product_name": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations: for footwear or leather, excluding waxes of heading no. 3404"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "340520",
      "product_name": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations: for the maintenance of wooden furniture, floors or other woodwork, excluding waxes of heading no. 3404"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "340530",
      "product_name": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations: for coachwork, other than metal polishes, excluding waxes of heading no. 3404"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "340540",
      "product_name": "Scouring pastes and powders and other scouring preparations: (whether or not in the form of paper, wadding, felt, nonwovens, cellular plastics, cellular rubber, impregnated, coated or covered)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "340590",
      "product_name": "Polishes, creams and similar preparations: n.e.s. in heading no. 3405, excluding waxes of heading no. 3404"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}