{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:19.872Z",
  "title": "HS4 3103 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 3103 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3103/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 3103",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3103"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/3103/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "3103",
  "parentHs2": "31",
  "subsectorName": "Fertilizers, mineral or chemical",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "3103",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 3036879292.139487,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 3248717994.3429713,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 2743928282.536209,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 2266677534.877666,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 4.794654776006113,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 11.36240162119373,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 3.2872596556639433,
    "historical_peak_usd": 3880376408.239894,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 21.73750758584295,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 1.9726735924728,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.5073951203421698,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2294.059951264249,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 2483.0161051716327,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5710021358451446,
    "active_corridor_count": 1090,
    "active_exporter_count": 103,
    "active_importer_count": 179,
    "active_hs6_count": 3,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 3036879292.139487,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 2237715417.1825614,
    "topFiveSharePct": 45.570577610631446,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "MAR",
      "importerIso3": "BRA",
      "exporterName": "Morocco",
      "importerName": "Brazil",
      "value": 372722554.1070466,
      "cagr3": 20.426632646829155,
      "cagr5": 23.045415118865353,
      "cagr10": 7.055038106902756,
      "share": 12.27320937884439,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2883624665535353,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2883659997252525,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943736239272728,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24892863733252524,
      "distanceKm": 7555,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 372722554.1070466,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 4.794654776006113,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 11.36240162119373,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 3.2872596556639433,
    "latestYoyPct": 1.9726735924728,
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 3880376408.239894,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 21.73750758584295,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2294.059951264249,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 2483.0161051716327,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5710021358451446,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Morocco to Brazil leads the reported HS4 3103 routes with $372.7M in 2024 and +20.4% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $3.0B in latest reported trade, with +4.8% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "importerName": "Brazil",
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      "cagr3": 20.426632646829155,
      "cagr5": 23.045415118865353,
      "cagr10": 7.055038106902756,
      "share": 12.27320937884439,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2883624665535353,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2883659997252525,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943736239272728,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24892863733252524,
      "distanceKm": 7555,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 372722554.1070466,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "MAR",
      "importerIso3": "BGD",
      "exporterName": "Morocco",
      "importerName": "Bangladesh",
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      "cagr10": 16.524713012585647,
      "share": 10.306412498397968,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 9283,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 391410531.88,
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    },
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 18570,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 318667193.478383,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
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      "yearsWithData": 23,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Israel",
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      "rank": 6,
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      "hasFta": false,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
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    {
      "rank": 9,
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      "exporterName": "Morocco",
      "importerName": "India",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
    },
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
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      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "distanceKm": 5810,
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
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      "value": 50673269.99999999,
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    },
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      "rank": 12,
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      "rank": 13,
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      "exporterName": "Tunisia",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 146327685.045,
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    },
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      "rank": 14,
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      "exporterName": "Lebanon",
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      "cagr3": 10.690912715599165,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023636226296989898,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 42401391.9408827,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "MAR",
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      "exporterName": "Morocco",
      "importerName": "France",
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      "cagr3": 6.163846609756285,
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      "hasFta": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01476462091758586,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04725643157580048,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 49335159.797317594,
      "historicalPeakYear": 1995,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 30.41185180250053,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "BRA",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "Brazil",
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.28834885147070705,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2883659997252525,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1853624694,
      "distanceKm": 14435,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 30687682.107383247,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 5,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "PAK",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Pakistan",
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