{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Heterocyclic compounds (HS4 2932) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for heterocyclic compounds at HS4 2932, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2932",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2932/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2932/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2932/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2932/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "2932",
    "name": "Heterocyclic compounds"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The heterocyclic compounds subsector recorded $12.0B in reported global trade in 2024, with -3.4% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 11980434411.506735,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -3.4032520350804485,
    "activeExporters": 130,
    "activeImporters": 186,
    "activeHs6Products": 12
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 0.22732587975677898,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 6.182112569112896,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 12617836774.646246,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 79.3103448275862,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 3636.014655808172,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 2320.554041517316,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.37203017943176875
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 2928409761.0169473,
      "corridor_count": 1751,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 3035677351.115233,
      "corridor_count": 1721,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 3353736521.232656,
      "corridor_count": 1708,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 3278664990.989889,
      "corridor_count": 1770,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 4297658004.6503105,
      "corridor_count": 1985,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 4467562801.315542,
      "corridor_count": 2148,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 5180280995.689847,
      "corridor_count": 2183,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6252281819.278749,
      "corridor_count": 2202,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6263945927.328015,
      "corridor_count": 2221,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6465309247.649145,
      "corridor_count": 2339,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 5682770956.126518,
      "corridor_count": 2372,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6202109722.863567,
      "corridor_count": 2464,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7893298280.269203,
      "corridor_count": 2482,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6665706046.861682,
      "corridor_count": 2638,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 5935528959.159369,
      "corridor_count": 2712,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7057076358.006506,
      "corridor_count": 2774,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7272786016.925673,
      "corridor_count": 2857,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7612535607.996913,
      "corridor_count": 3035,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7119346187.772165,
      "corridor_count": 3060,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6639457170.474741,
      "corridor_count": 3107,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6471739224.436462,
      "corridor_count": 3228,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 7198030974.723905,
      "corridor_count": 3259,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 6884300855.711572,
      "corridor_count": 3312,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 8849164528.561302,
      "corridor_count": 3430,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 8875968605.193735,
      "corridor_count": 3397,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 9285163359.917686,
      "corridor_count": 3451,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 11899100593.256468,
      "corridor_count": 3574,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 12617836774.646246,
      "corridor_count": 3659,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 12251284244.032366,
      "corridor_count": 3633,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 2932,
      "global_trade_usd": 11980434411.506735,
      "corridor_count": 3721,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    }
  ],
  "corridors": [
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 1,
      "exporter_iso3": "IRL",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 1396900014.587419,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1703741929.7995098,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1444701591.6863492,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 939029629.737256,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.211417479409027,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 26.15785310583103,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 42.70966117205932,
      "historical_peak_usd": 2174245409.348572,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 35.752422031975414,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -35.75242203197541,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -41.49824369265029,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 5129,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Ireland",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 2,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "GRC",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 990738491.6665262,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 949458432.0750767,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 842122733.9138048,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 493726580.4061071,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.3513413363054,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.50752128368971,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 84.41726829631698,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1044520052.0550059,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 5.148925602976121,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -5.148925602976117,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -73.06592696001158,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 6,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 1807,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Greece"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 3,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "IND",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 456833999.35112846,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 472096692.2130585,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 450946835.0351987,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 365852166.9326874,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1417073661221364,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.442186406489279,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.463290497462949,
      "historical_peak_usd": 501519704.8148598,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 8.910059771276076,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -0.2407262642416752,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 79.3103448275862,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.321583131340812,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 4252,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5307908369111112,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.5323102001373737,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.07929677931515151,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.45301342082222223,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 4,
      "exporter_iso3": "IRL",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "first_data_year": 1997,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 27,
      "exports_latest_usd": 456184690.84461814,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 166965393.7525263,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 101427740.45216486,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 51387240.246442504,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 373.48119775229014,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 255.96332513527892,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 105.09156409767928,
      "historical_peak_usd": 456184690.84461814,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 989.1681021869855,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.53846153846154,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 268.38963365461086,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 9368,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Ireland",
      "importer_name": "China"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 5,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 445056708.9997454,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 485304756.57511383,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 476868690.3086039,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 443324090.0912242,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.903594946549439,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.5987046679719619,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.3937015682586438,
      "historical_peak_usd": 593487734.0137174,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 25.009956652371397,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 6.633656895130469,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.297296514808083,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 11883,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 6,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 434088563.1377769,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 408714174.503386,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 510802020.0172132,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 361462239.6589425,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -16.660813931450768,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.3907210374607755,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 57.36136807360863,
      "historical_peak_usd": 749947013.3175253,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 42.11743557488039,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 34.22016763283771,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -74.02218200505939,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "active_hs6_count": 6,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 5877,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Netherlands",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 7,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 313052404.0714398,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 236197119.78442731,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 192019817.68635002,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 113397666.13271733,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.637692940039727,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 43.41164972114373,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 37.52493659850424,
      "historical_peak_usd": 313052404.0714398,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 36.63837856968512,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.887243658464513,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 7,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 1184,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Italy",
      "importer_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 8,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 273935607.36960447,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 369667090.7436772,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 314725140.45636594,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 175072450.38383725,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.4188283358215434,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 25.79914551443654,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 30.510051732135434,
      "historical_peak_usd": 575967693.9907039,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 52.439067290113364,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -52.439067290113364,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -28.09122339631389,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 6,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.039911157261893,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04055881952930041,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.01018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.030370869448953192,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 9,
      "exporter_iso3": "SWE",
      "importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "first_data_year": 2000,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 21,
      "exports_latest_usd": 235685318.074,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 175034603.59931207,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 112017579.84367967,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 56040863.40857081,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 102.78956141497244,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 531.0068106516826,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 289.922529247291,
      "historical_peak_usd": 235685318.074,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 33.10707524330007,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -187.13296783231854,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 1,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 1232,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1142576971494253,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1142576971494253,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Sweden",
      "importer_name": "Russia"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2932,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHE",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 212060308.38887936,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 139693808.19833472,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 125440927.54489467,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 106286037.67849486,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 24.945076129769816,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 25.948356916443103,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.123098141559586,
      "historical_peak_usd": 212060308.38887936,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 72.54976568234139,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.82197798821023,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 7,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 6339,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    }
  ],
  "exporters": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 2916895253.316193,
      "imports_usd": 802016471.7000833,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2114878781.6161098,
      "export_partner_count": 160,
      "import_partner_count": 64,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "China"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "IRL",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 1963202894.2402065,
      "imports_usd": 279228560.1211046,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1683974334.119102,
      "export_partner_count": 89,
      "import_partner_count": 38,
      "active_hs6_count": 11,
      "country_name": "Ireland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 1925584473.4641898,
      "imports_usd": 718020163.835643,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1207564309.6285467,
      "export_partner_count": 123,
      "import_partner_count": 67,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHE",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 676009038.3269639,
      "imports_usd": 236698254.72599626,
      "trade_balance_usd": 439310783.60096765,
      "export_partner_count": 95,
      "import_partner_count": 52,
      "active_hs6_count": 11,
      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 630913620.4567125,
      "imports_usd": 326759755.0700281,
      "trade_balance_usd": 304153865.38668436,
      "export_partner_count": 102,
      "import_partner_count": 40,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 609280775.65467,
      "imports_usd": 267648983.52065107,
      "trade_balance_usd": 341631792.1340189,
      "export_partner_count": 106,
      "import_partner_count": 65,
      "active_hs6_count": 11,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 599743512.8887743,
      "imports_usd": 2892849932.1780176,
      "trade_balance_usd": -2293106419.289243,
      "export_partner_count": 135,
      "import_partner_count": 61,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "IND",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 461891059.655181,
      "imports_usd": 602019574.7956913,
      "trade_balance_usd": -140128515.14051026,
      "export_partner_count": 141,
      "import_partner_count": 59,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 339418301.7854713,
      "imports_usd": 470822063.13858616,
      "trade_balance_usd": -131403761.35311484,
      "export_partner_count": 133,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 278019460.1814953,
      "imports_usd": 635760387.6976165,
      "trade_balance_usd": -357740927.51612115,
      "export_partner_count": 67,
      "import_partner_count": 41,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Japan"
    }
  ],
  "importers": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 599743512.8887743,
      "imports_usd": 2892849932.1780176,
      "trade_balance_usd": -2293106419.289243,
      "export_partner_count": 135,
      "import_partner_count": 61,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GRC",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 3111569.4994800524,
      "imports_usd": 1001590966.0180293,
      "trade_balance_usd": -998479396.5185493,
      "export_partner_count": 30,
      "import_partner_count": 29,
      "active_hs6_count": 10,
      "country_name": "Greece"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 2916895253.316193,
      "imports_usd": 802016471.7000833,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2114878781.6161098,
      "export_partner_count": 160,
      "import_partner_count": 64,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "China"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 1925584473.4641898,
      "imports_usd": 718020163.835643,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1207564309.6285467,
      "export_partner_count": 123,
      "import_partner_count": 67,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 278019460.1814953,
      "imports_usd": 635760387.6976165,
      "trade_balance_usd": -357740927.51612115,
      "export_partner_count": 67,
      "import_partner_count": 41,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "IND",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 461891059.655181,
      "imports_usd": 602019574.7956913,
      "trade_balance_usd": -140128515.14051026,
      "export_partner_count": 141,
      "import_partner_count": 59,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 339418301.7854713,
      "imports_usd": 470822063.13858616,
      "trade_balance_usd": -131403761.35311484,
      "export_partner_count": 133,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "BRA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 18856447.877913523,
      "imports_usd": 383101102.8618774,
      "trade_balance_usd": -364244654.98396385,
      "export_partner_count": 75,
      "import_partner_count": 53,
      "active_hs6_count": 11,
      "country_name": "Brazil"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 630913620.4567125,
      "imports_usd": 326759755.0700281,
      "trade_balance_usd": 304153865.38668436,
      "export_partner_count": 102,
      "import_partner_count": 40,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "RUS",
      "hs4": 2932,
      "exports_usd": 3496729.918316977,
      "imports_usd": 320904462.0245255,
      "trade_balance_usd": -317407732.10620856,
      "export_partner_count": 33,
      "import_partner_count": 35,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Russia"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "293211",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, tetrahydrofuran"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293212",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, 2-furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293213",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, furfuryl alcohol and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293214",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, sucralose"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293219",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, n.e.c. in item no. 2932.1"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293220",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, lactones"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293221",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: lactones, coumarin, methylcoumarins and ethylcoumarins"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293229",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: lactones, other lactones excluding those of item no. 2932.21"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293290",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: n.e.s. in heading no. 2932"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293291",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), isosafrole"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293292",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), 1-(1,3-benzodiaxol-5-yl) propan-2-one"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293293",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), piperonal"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293294",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), safrole"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293295",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), tetrahydrocannabinols (all isomers)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293296",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), carbofuran (ISO)"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "293299",
      "product_name": "Heterocyclic compounds: with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, no lactones or unfused furan rings (hydrogenated or not) in the structure, other than isosafrole, 1-(1,3-benzodiaxol-5-yl) propan-2-one, piperonal, safrole, tetrahydrocannabinols (all isomers)"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}