{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Esters (HS4 2919) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for esters at HS4 2919, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2919",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2919/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2919/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2919/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2919/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "2919",
    "name": "Esters"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The esters subsector recorded $944.6M in reported global trade in 2024, with +0.3% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 944620440.6788192,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 0.32140756589054686,
    "activeExporters": 87,
    "activeImporters": 162,
    "activeHs6Products": 2
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Rapid decline",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -13.975258553659009,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 0.6013343567696117,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1483840467.6353266,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 51.724137931034484,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 3783.096736070958,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 680.8671575794142,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.46206265973002264
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 261788037.41813794,
      "corridor_count": 980,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 245865223.0475536,
      "corridor_count": 881,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 271917233.1191519,
      "corridor_count": 1048,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 241717567.67231545,
      "corridor_count": 964,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 285223432.04124856,
      "corridor_count": 1101,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 301962758.81551236,
      "corridor_count": 1140,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 295189555.28948116,
      "corridor_count": 1218,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 326811150.5748942,
      "corridor_count": 1240,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 384295315.1309839,
      "corridor_count": 1312,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 501139584.74742323,
      "corridor_count": 1287,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 536826006.7227777,
      "corridor_count": 1294,
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    },
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 587419272.9476703,
      "corridor_count": 1297,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 624930068.9124534,
      "corridor_count": 1278,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 794681169.8408666,
      "corridor_count": 1333,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 594340029.7278445,
      "corridor_count": 1396,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 748033414.345544,
      "corridor_count": 1367,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 847604961.3753949,
      "corridor_count": 1433,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 870524123.4703822,
      "corridor_count": 1527,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 861308154.3226985,
      "corridor_count": 1549,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 909799566.1741225,
      "corridor_count": 1559,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 807482797.9370801,
      "corridor_count": 1643,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
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      "global_trade_usd": 738904094.6860024,
      "corridor_count": 1476,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 841641919.4540774,
      "corridor_count": 1497,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 914586689.5217121,
      "corridor_count": 1570,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 2919,
      "global_trade_usd": 916724067.2668083,
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    },
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      "year": 2020,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "291900",
      "product_name": "Esters: phosphoric, and their salts, including lactophosphates, their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "291910",
      "product_name": "Esters: phosphoric, and their salts, including lactophosphates, their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "291990",
      "product_name": "Esters: phosphoric, and their salts, including lactophosphates, their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: other than tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}