{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Acids (HS4 2915) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for acids at HS4 2915, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2915",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2915/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2915/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2915/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2915/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "2915",
    "name": "Acids"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The acids subsector recorded $15.4B in reported global trade in 2024, with +2.2% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 15448337758.945148,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 2.2158717813277184,
    "activeExporters": 152,
    "activeImporters": 194,
    "activeHs6Products": 16
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -8.326035459271141,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.214810247793044,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 20732434344.129982,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1774.6798311316275,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 711.4245248879987,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4528359687934577
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 4310812141.983158,
      "corridor_count": 2683,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 3806887651.576133,
      "corridor_count": 2764,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 4037965217.020643,
      "corridor_count": 2832,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 3729634618.6473303,
      "corridor_count": 2816,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 4276554467.620199,
      "corridor_count": 3045,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 4742957037.108124,
      "corridor_count": 3411,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 4844752320.146701,
      "corridor_count": 3492,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 5079411764.24686,
      "corridor_count": 3657,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 5990799216.822272,
      "corridor_count": 3701,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 7169984937.104027,
      "corridor_count": 3787,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "global_trade_usd": 8183580574.844601,
      "corridor_count": 3912,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 9316307827.219542,
      "corridor_count": 3958,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 11018130498.070736,
      "corridor_count": 3965,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "corridor_count": 4058,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 9127830664.768461,
      "corridor_count": 4100,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 10646646469.95595,
      "corridor_count": 4141,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 12705005501.67773,
      "corridor_count": 4218,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 2915,
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      "corridor_count": 4365,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 12265667714.02717,
      "corridor_count": 4288,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 13535461906.009295,
      "corridor_count": 4488,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 11579449846.201084,
      "corridor_count": 4599,
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    },
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      "year": 2016,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 2915,
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      "corridor_count": 4703,
      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 14577583848.17353,
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      "active_hs6_count": 16
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 12567084800.733416,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 2915,
      "global_trade_usd": 11966808470.294558,
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      "year": 2021,
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    },
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    },
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    },
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    },
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    },
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    },
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    },
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    },
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  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}