{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Dog or cat food (HS4 2309) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for dog or cat food at HS4 2309, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2309",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2309/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2309/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2309/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/2309/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "2309",
    "name": "Dog or cat food"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The dog or cat food subsector recorded $46.6B in reported global trade in 2024, with +3.2% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 46586562398.02832,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 3.2493966884448167,
    "activeExporters": 187,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 2
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 5.0460282680203195,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 8.868445259551393,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 46586562398.02832,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 89.65517241379311,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 586.2771070545801,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 307.02198799589587,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5962733739882025
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 6096159604.76835,
      "corridor_count": 2868,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 6708242947.047823,
      "corridor_count": 2979,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 6835791590.230854,
      "corridor_count": 3030,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 6830525732.922783,
      "corridor_count": 3166,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 7595038664.677233,
      "corridor_count": 3411,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 7543720977.300498,
      "corridor_count": 3709,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 8023683551.37852,
      "corridor_count": 3783,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 8490466095.380068,
      "corridor_count": 3911,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 9732865907.658497,
      "corridor_count": 3975,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 10876445568.258442,
      "corridor_count": 4086,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 11693369019.203249,
      "corridor_count": 4191,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 13147536302.574097,
      "corridor_count": 4294,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 15652976779.476593,
      "corridor_count": 4410,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 18561809317.059795,
      "corridor_count": 4540,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 17680216515.381035,
      "corridor_count": 4702,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 18829255136.061195,
      "corridor_count": 4868,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 22080746850.36825,
      "corridor_count": 5058,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 23569384864.315376,
      "corridor_count": 5216,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 25328586431.48634,
      "corridor_count": 5355,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 26134165421.53617,
      "corridor_count": 5634,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 24201828924.33889,
      "corridor_count": 5864,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 24649773450.874603,
      "corridor_count": 6005,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 27457381765.03693,
      "corridor_count": 6157,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 30441669945.175858,
      "corridor_count": 6424,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 30461449200.5784,
      "corridor_count": 6516,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 34240036030.174202,
      "corridor_count": 6458,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 40190346954.12505,
      "corridor_count": 6720,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 43925297400.905045,
      "corridor_count": 6903,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 45028530681.35737,
      "corridor_count": 6954,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 2309,
      "global_trade_usd": 46586562398.02832,
      "corridor_count": 7118,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    }
  ],
  "corridors": [
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 1,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 1482736504.776996,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1454450668.792023,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1326799230.9428756,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1085200575.7733636,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.531838215093733,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.396306305252233,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.2805858680248905,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1482736504.776996,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 0.6754351494379307,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 86.20689655172414,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.25125234706884214,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 556,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.045807528214990095,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.07513050048545458,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.043961979603501,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.031168520881953585,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 2,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "POL",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 857825412.2108024,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 825426943.9030598,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 737161527.7747064,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 530060459.2712827,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.521554352597848,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.985622727225678,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.86006843611287,
      "historical_peak_usd": 858571185.2719911,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0.08686211160842075,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -0.08686211160842117,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 82.75862068965517,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.338514083515022,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 518,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08091394394890945,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.09345920419547327,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.047506174607201634,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04595302958827163,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Poland"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 3,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "BEL",
      "first_data_year": 1999,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 26,
      "exports_latest_usd": 847728470.5071195,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 900590494.8648138,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 813762998.0138909,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 672912233.1901925,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.295754852052024,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.264933297946332,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.987197639232675,
      "historical_peak_usd": 944459244.8123019,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 10.241921484331092,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -10.241921484331096,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.3085572128193492,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 174,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Netherlands",
      "importer_name": "Belgium"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 4,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 845953883.4171308,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 900358243.6265241,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 854545367.9234545,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 783010288.800178,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.910950404193156,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.37763120517538,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.1757115647895935,
      "historical_peak_usd": 937804592.2627101,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 9.794226814774314,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -7.779473150954108,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.7352388394035625,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 579,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Netherlands",
      "importer_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 5,
      "exporter_iso3": "THA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 831050159.9294491,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 738381410.646203,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 646013723.780975,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 459851642.2928723,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.910597321580198,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.41852259744423,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.667316003968978,
      "historical_peak_usd": 831050159.9294491,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 44.96266534133964,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 79.3103448275862,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.7567186823887795,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 13951,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.023629779354080806,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.009758806859535351,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.036985947777434344,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Thailand",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 6,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 765825303.9885578,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 681339811.6117358,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 593691563.8907404,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 427466081.59597003,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 14.210753557595424,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.96647909505997,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 25.151127576121524,
      "historical_peak_usd": 765825303.9885578,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 11.496547297818282,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 82.75862068965517,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.9403740185261,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 518,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04544072754526749,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.01044495665218107,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Poland",
      "importer_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 7,
      "exporter_iso3": "CAN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 710003623.5777284,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 639583573.7634655,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 577004155.0487149,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 498988747.8427659,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.624914316218504,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.809341968991504,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.508091326813469,
      "historical_peak_usd": 710003623.5777284,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 12.255836889840023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.116822989405035,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 556,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.022607953013134546,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Canada",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 8,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 446661910.5341326,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 489257961.15530396,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 386974954.8074888,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 252892171.2056934,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 20.24487287159138,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 28.254725581701013,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.970067726063597,
      "historical_peak_usd": 548721039.2413701,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 18.59945608215397,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -18.599456082153974,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.2748051455277825,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 11883,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importer_name": "China"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 9,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 430508625.4562068,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 479944192.18045837,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 469034229.3870838,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 397150427.85368437,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.605758651541947,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.750774006001457,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.92963115500695,
      "historical_peak_usd": 505812471.17339206,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 14.887700483638563,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -14.887700483638566,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.535389806548897,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 579,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 2309,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 428872751.3158343,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 454962715.4942398,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 399696022.58427155,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 307372137.7335571,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.37266440448601,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.84622236598327,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.625581610770938,
      "historical_peak_usd": 547389244.7235543,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 21.651227997286256,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -21.65122799728626,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.7470827937150712,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 3359,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1311842474462,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importer_name": "Mexico"
    }
  ],
  "exporters": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4801156871.465148,
      "imports_usd": 3805000564.857126,
      "trade_balance_usd": 996156306.6080217,
      "export_partner_count": 161,
      "import_partner_count": 84,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4341943373.0731735,
      "imports_usd": 1814326921.040974,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2527616452.0322,
      "export_partner_count": 171,
      "import_partner_count": 99,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4282055483.714489,
      "imports_usd": 3227413089.545538,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1054642394.168951,
      "export_partner_count": 159,
      "import_partner_count": 86,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 3562007465.1143756,
      "imports_usd": 2017155693.476115,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1544851771.6382606,
      "export_partner_count": 170,
      "import_partner_count": 138,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "THA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 3060939598.2985168,
      "imports_usd": 483425113.8979102,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2577514484.4006066,
      "export_partner_count": 133,
      "import_partner_count": 63,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Thailand"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 2987480124.7079763,
      "imports_usd": 927645542.033251,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2059834582.6747253,
      "export_partner_count": 170,
      "import_partner_count": 57,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "China"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 2485029297.861528,
      "imports_usd": 1974261714.706523,
      "trade_balance_usd": 510767583.155005,
      "export_partner_count": 122,
      "import_partner_count": 71,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "BEL",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1710641771.845909,
      "imports_usd": 1486380714.4769828,
      "trade_balance_usd": 224261057.3689263,
      "export_partner_count": 166,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Belgium"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1391892606.284286,
      "imports_usd": 1134065535.0990384,
      "trade_balance_usd": 257827071.18524766,
      "export_partner_count": 155,
      "import_partner_count": 75,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Spain"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1357282721.5171127,
      "imports_usd": 2255535866.7836995,
      "trade_balance_usd": -898253145.2665868,
      "export_partner_count": 151,
      "import_partner_count": 66,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    }
  ],
  "importers": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4801156871.465148,
      "imports_usd": 3805000564.857126,
      "trade_balance_usd": 996156306.6080217,
      "export_partner_count": 161,
      "import_partner_count": 84,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4282055483.714489,
      "imports_usd": 3227413089.545538,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1054642394.168951,
      "export_partner_count": 159,
      "import_partner_count": 86,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1357282721.5171127,
      "imports_usd": 2255535866.7836995,
      "trade_balance_usd": -898253145.2665868,
      "export_partner_count": 151,
      "import_partner_count": 66,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 3562007465.1143756,
      "imports_usd": 2017155693.476115,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1544851771.6382606,
      "export_partner_count": 170,
      "import_partner_count": 138,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 2485029297.861528,
      "imports_usd": 1974261714.706523,
      "trade_balance_usd": 510767583.155005,
      "export_partner_count": 122,
      "import_partner_count": 71,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 4341943373.0731735,
      "imports_usd": 1814326921.040974,
      "trade_balance_usd": 2527616452.0322,
      "export_partner_count": 171,
      "import_partner_count": 99,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1128441817.1379569,
      "imports_usd": 1734567795.2473736,
      "trade_balance_usd": -606125978.1094167,
      "export_partner_count": 117,
      "import_partner_count": 74,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1285532125.9620576,
      "imports_usd": 1596299243.0960867,
      "trade_balance_usd": -310767117.13402915,
      "export_partner_count": 145,
      "import_partner_count": 59,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "BEL",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1710641771.845909,
      "imports_usd": 1486380714.4769828,
      "trade_balance_usd": 224261057.3689263,
      "export_partner_count": 166,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Belgium"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs4": 2309,
      "exports_usd": 1391892606.284286,
      "imports_usd": 1134065535.0990384,
      "trade_balance_usd": 257827071.18524766,
      "export_partner_count": 155,
      "import_partner_count": 75,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "Spain"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "230910",
      "product_name": "Dog or cat food: put up for retail sale, used in animal feeding"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "230990",
      "product_name": "Dog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}