{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:07.892Z",
  "title": "HS4 1513 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 1513 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 1513",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "1513",
  "parentHs2": "15",
  "subsectorName": "Vegetable oils",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "1513",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 7423039875.975193,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 7460541179.581212,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 6954846320.72954,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 6402318162.867485,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -0.8895501564041619,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 11.208273798393709,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 2.2881061300585204,
    "historical_peak_usd": 9042014153.607918,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 17.90501817547727,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 25.41227548507736,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.1776562864626823,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 3225.963032636101,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 1235.0836555055816,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5534549366800383,
    "active_corridor_count": 3189,
    "active_exporter_count": 159,
    "active_importer_count": 199,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 7423039875.975193,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 4813824673.170912,
    "topFiveSharePct": 30.179648383285667,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 627581630.6020366,
      "cagr3": -4.967115249109611,
      "cagr5": 2.4969590618316717,
      "cagr10": 2.6519101359322894,
      "share": 8.454509757292511,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
      "distanceKm": 4425,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 731220713.7656223,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.173433713313138,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -0.8895501564041619,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 11.208273798393709,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 2.2881061300585204,
    "latestYoyPct": 25.41227548507736,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 9042014153.607918,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.90501817547727,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 3225.963032636101,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1235.0836555055816,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5534549366800383,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Indonesia to China leads the reported HS4 1513 routes with $627.6M in 2024 and -5% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $7.4B in latest reported trade, with -0.9% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 627581630.6020366,
      "cagr3": -4.967115249109611,
      "cagr5": 2.4969590618316717,
      "cagr10": 2.6519101359322894,
      "share": 8.454509757292511,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
      "distanceKm": 4425,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 731220713.7656223,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.173433713313138,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 551452963.4596567,
      "cagr3": 10.404357879325454,
      "cagr5": 13.048148967350048,
      "cagr10": -0.30269349023890335,
      "share": 7.428937102230106,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023636035601252523,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009767502736686869,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03697725190028282,
      "distanceKm": 13689,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 590478615.2048273,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.609155817037207,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 450520547.26679814,
      "cagr3": 0.24052710478699169,
      "cagr5": 8.792304844375586,
      "cagr10": 2.818129665273661,
      "share": 6.0692190099222865,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
      "distanceKm": 10404,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 648748259.4512453,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 30.555413335847938,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 347055848.4532396,
      "cagr3": -15.899953471678218,
      "cagr5": 5.58533094617697,
      "cagr10": 0.9184601891562449,
      "share": 4.6753870954740835,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023632242597595957,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009761490402262624,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.036983264234707075,
      "distanceKm": 16181,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 835422119.2200632,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 58.45742643524384,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 263636344.1386668,
      "cagr3": 38.38172338468235,
      "cagr5": 34.69301895373113,
      "cagr10": 25.88146132509761,
      "share": 3.551595418366682,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949492,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04358576721252527,
      "distanceKm": 2469,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 263636344.1386668,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 254309441.68514127,
      "cagr3": 16.580933110634312,
      "cagr5": 13.497341408261644,
      "cagr10": 0.2510840557543359,
      "share": 3.4259474007167676,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01924863798829293,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016375390997815674,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0428287402708712,
      "distanceKm": 11364,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 488417829.1499112,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.93199049924824,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "BRA",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Brazil",
      "value": 247022181.229049,
      "cagr3": -5.9097771378710195,
      "cagr5": 14.186745023359881,
      "cagr10": 3.2153290052142403,
      "share": 3.327776562652464,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.28836246655353526,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.28836599972525245,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943736239272728,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24892863733252518,
      "distanceKm": 15642,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 338903040.1333205,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.1112524892449,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 239491721.61580524,
      "cagr3": -1.1234934952872866,
      "cagr5": 15.695023279040953,
      "cagr10": 3.0682212036613477,
      "share": 3.2263294501613102,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.28240350481919185,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07074957941292931,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.23114917626585846,
      "distanceKm": 3737,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 287940715.06647897,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.82603081661722,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 171265763.7081943,
      "cagr3": -0.22586798028866317,
      "cagr5": 12.550719133618538,
      "cagr10": 2.019542510864114,
      "share": 2.307218694358616,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 235143701.52921665,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.16548961575546,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Russia",
      "value": 167506780.06,
      "cagr3": 6.210396618108804,
      "cagr5": 23.5138554547361,
      "cagr10": 8.039570476286318,
      "share": 2.256579283672432,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0670139446670498,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1142576971494253,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0692081698762452,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.045049527273180096,
      "distanceKm": 9302,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 167506780.06,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 166036103.19992658,
      "cagr3": -18.130077177560132,
      "cagr5": -4.34220477756625,
      "cagr10": -6.675150435413368,
      "share": 2.2367669576625273,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09170595297929295,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0903750768671515,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04353490033486869,
      "distanceKm": 1182,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 909143691.3028462,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 81.73708900053093,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 147942090.53821197,
      "cagr3": -19.46416683543808,
      "cagr5": 7.4044304117154125,
      "cagr10": 1.3427341502028955,
      "share": 1.9930122026830182,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254715177181816,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868688,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016398549576199514,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04280558169248737,
      "distanceKm": 10195,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 283220238.08383316,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.76429412702452,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "LKA",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Sri Lanka",
      "value": 131074974.95070483,
      "cagr3": 21.289835936037306,
      "cagr5": 118.83775010317206,
      "cagr10": 49.19734144503407,
      "share": 1.7657856773062937,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.22034403873939393,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.21977370466262625,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.20859034795959594,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.011183356703030306,
      "distanceKm": 3332,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 131074974.95070483,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
      "value": 126381125.79107636,
      "cagr3": 12.272022975226783,
      "cagr5": 40.784338707971244,
      "cagr10": 18.51907401709876,
      "share": 1.7025521606062126,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.15691195880048486,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.17946165427272728,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943796235929293,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.14002369191343436,
      "distanceKm": 2782,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 126381125.79107636,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "PHL",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Philippines",
      "value": 113650798.40754229,
      "cagr3": 50.20608907776716,
      "cagr5": 48.07293922419862,
      "cagr10": 17.06650031313457,
      "share": 1.5310546663688984,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.19059347214121217,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161618,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0012761130881010102,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19265007827351516,
      "distanceKm": 2782,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 113650798.40754229,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "THA",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "Thailand",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 109178047.3525946,
      "cagr3": -21.089616723361203,
      "cagr5": 20.047075968080108,
      "cagr10": 3.3619264694306983,
      "share": 1.4707996882241112,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.13390997720202022,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949493,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.043585767212525287,
      "distanceKm": 1177,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 222194274.71690884,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 50.86369912469837,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "India",
      "value": 101251654.65152797,
      "cagr3": -5.878974707674944,
      "cagr5": 14.59102313765246,
      "cagr10": 4.168418826739773,
      "share": 1.3640187354944817,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.5164805875886868,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.5323102001373736,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10059997060565655,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.43171022953171706,
      "distanceKm": 3834,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 121434525.68494596,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.620372929014554,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "ESP",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Spain",
      "value": 96370902.19295987,
      "cagr3": 16.586697260370208,
      "cagr5": 22.490998836800568,
      "cagr10": 16.44294387092402,
      "share": 1.2982673379522869,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
      "distanceKm": 11672,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 96370902.19295987,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Italy",
      "value": 95130479.18786007,
      "cagr3": 5.712752728033577,
      "cagr5": 29.564933545719274,
      "cagr10": 10.041409306247395,
      "share": 1.281556892827043,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
      "distanceKm": 10406,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 115063171.93040171,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.32326026489026,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 95119675.76277526,
      "cagr3": 6.86232381503209,
      "cagr5": 15.084055834857946,
      "cagr10": 19.035009268842494,
      "share": 1.281411353731668,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.28257224128929287,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07173212855494948,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.23016662712383829,
      "distanceKm": 1841,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 174496896.1049968,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 45.489187552344404,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
      "value": 84734824.25436725,
      "cagr3": -11.406565867104002,
      "cagr5": 9.247811299190744,
      "cagr10": 9.2610792643687,
      "share": 1.141511101518033,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09064282192632327,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.09772561373939398,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.04742831764983839,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05029729608955559,
      "distanceKm": 8337,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 151033321.9570971,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 43.89660297716472,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 65078088.206138715,
      "cagr3": 20.8409940966898,
      "cagr5": 33.58760563762573,
      "cagr10": -0.580172955556113,
      "share": 0.8767040093205636,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0178796051317103,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.040602244382303046,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014881344427172323,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.025720899955130723,
      "distanceKm": 5315,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 163226803.56900415,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.1302685691404,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "COL",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "Colombia",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
      "value": 58208456.42364858,
      "cagr3": 31.928420369444055,
      "cagr5": 37.26230434246127,
      "cagr10": 13.121781833540247,
      "share": 0.7841592850934472,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.10138558444463028,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.13600296420404037,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.026252153287258582,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1097508109167818,
      "distanceKm": 3175,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 58208456.42364858,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 52855291.077492945,
      "cagr3": 4.464754500174584,
      "cagr5": 9.891116881848072,
      "cagr10": -6.904598121272764,
      "share": 0.7120437443500752,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01897729602096708,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160506,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016479431600213496,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04230320522694701,
      "distanceKm": 10785,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 140725909.63279244,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 62.44096683019313,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 50968938.955497645,
      "cagr3": -5.880944622824891,
      "cagr5": 13.571369753116125,
      "cagr10": -3.12637908953306,
      "share": 0.6866316200248306,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01848920278534222,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.015613898456828887,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.02498834592547415,
      "distanceKm": 2990,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 77935204.71319456,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.60087884151215,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  ],
  "growthLeaders": [
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "PHL",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Philippines",
      "value": 113650798.40754229,
      "cagr3": 50.20608907776716,
      "cagr5": 48.07293922419862,
      "cagr10": 17.06650031313457,
      "share": 1.5310546663688984,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.19059347214121217,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161618,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0012761130881010102,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19265007827351516,
      "distanceKm": 2782,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 113650798.40754229,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 263636344.1386668,
      "cagr3": 38.38172338468235,
      "cagr5": 34.69301895373113,
      "cagr10": 25.88146132509761,
      "share": 3.551595418366682,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949492,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04358576721252527,
      "distanceKm": 2469,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 263636344.1386668,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "COL",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "Colombia",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
      "value": 58208456.42364858,
      "cagr3": 31.928420369444055,
      "cagr5": 37.26230434246127,
      "cagr10": 13.121781833540247,
      "share": 0.7841592850934472,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.10138558444463028,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.13600296420404037,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.026252153287258582,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1097508109167818,
      "distanceKm": 3175,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 58208456.42364858,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "LKA",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Sri Lanka",
      "value": 131074974.95070483,
      "cagr3": 21.289835936037306,
      "cagr5": 118.83775010317206,
      "cagr10": 49.19734144503407,
      "share": 1.7657856773062937,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.22034403873939393,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.21977370466262625,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.20859034795959594,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.011183356703030306,
      "distanceKm": 3332,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 131074974.95070483,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 65078088.206138715,
      "cagr3": 20.8409940966898,
      "cagr5": 33.58760563762573,
      "cagr10": -0.580172955556113,
      "share": 0.8767040093205636,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0178796051317103,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.040602244382303046,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014881344427172323,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.025720899955130723,
      "distanceKm": 5315,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 163226803.56900415,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.1302685691404,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "accessComparison": [
    {
      "label": "FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 1,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 627581630.6020366,
          "cagr3": -4.967115249109611,
          "cagr5": 2.4969590618316717,
          "cagr10": 2.6519101359322894,
          "share": 8.454509757292511,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.2824603983440403,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.06881434869696969,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
          "distanceKm": 4425,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 731220713.7656223,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.173433713313138,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 5,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "MYS",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Malaysia",
          "value": 263636344.1386668,
          "cagr3": 38.38172338468235,
          "cagr5": 34.69301895373113,
          "cagr10": 25.88146132509761,
          "share": 3.551595418366682,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949492,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04358576721252527,
          "distanceKm": 2469,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 263636344.1386668,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 8,
          "exporterIso3": "MYS",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Malaysia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 239491721.61580524,
          "cagr3": -1.1234934952872866,
          "cagr5": 15.695023279040953,
          "cagr10": 3.0682212036613477,
          "share": 3.2263294501613102,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.28240350481919185,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07074957941292931,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.23114917626585846,
          "distanceKm": 3737,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 287940715.06647897,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.82603081661722,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 9,
          "exporterIso3": "NLD",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Netherlands",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 171265763.7081943,
          "cagr3": -0.22586798028866317,
          "cagr5": 12.550719133618538,
          "cagr10": 2.019542510864114,
          "share": 2.307218694358616,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 579,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 235143701.52921665,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.16548961575546,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 11,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "MYS",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Malaysia",
          "value": 166036103.19992658,
          "cagr3": -18.130077177560132,
          "cagr5": -4.34220477756625,
          "cagr10": -6.675150435413368,
          "share": 2.2367669576625273,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09170595297929295,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0903750768671515,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04353490033486869,
          "distanceKm": 1182,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 909143691.3028462,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 81.73708900053093,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 14,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "IDN",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Indonesia",
          "value": 126381125.79107636,
          "cagr3": 12.272022975226783,
          "cagr5": 40.784338707971244,
          "cagr10": 18.51907401709876,
          "share": 1.7025521606062126,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.15691195880048486,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.17946165427272728,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943796235929293,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.14002369191343436,
          "distanceKm": 2782,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 126381125.79107636,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 27,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 15,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "PHL",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Philippines",
          "value": 113650798.40754229,
          "cagr3": 50.20608907776716,
          "cagr5": 48.07293922419862,
          "cagr10": 17.06650031313457,
          "share": 1.5310546663688984,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.19059347214121217,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161618,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0012761130881010102,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19265007827351516,
          "distanceKm": 2782,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 113650798.40754229,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 27,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 16,
          "exporterIso3": "THA",
          "importerIso3": "MYS",
          "exporterName": "Thailand",
          "importerName": "Malaysia",
          "value": 109178047.3525946,
          "cagr3": -21.089616723361203,
          "cagr5": 20.047075968080108,
          "cagr10": 3.3619264694306983,
          "share": 1.4707996882241112,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.13390997720202022,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949493,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.043585767212525287,
          "distanceKm": 1177,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 222194274.71690884,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 50.86369912469837,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 17,
          "exporterIso3": "MYS",
          "importerIso3": "IND",
          "exporterName": "Malaysia",
          "importerName": "India",
          "value": 101251654.65152797,
          "cagr3": -5.878974707674944,
          "cagr5": 14.59102313765246,
          "cagr10": 4.168418826739773,
          "share": 1.3640187354944817,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.5164805875886868,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.5323102001373736,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10059997060565655,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.43171022953171706,
          "distanceKm": 3834,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 121434525.68494596,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.620372929014554,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 20,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 95119675.76277526,
          "cagr3": 6.86232381503209,
          "cagr5": 15.084055834857946,
          "cagr10": 19.035009268842494,
          "share": 1.281411353731668,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.28257224128929287,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07173212855494948,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.23016662712383829,
          "distanceKm": 1841,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 174496896.1049968,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 45.489187552344404,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 22,
          "exporterIso3": "MYS",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "Malaysia",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 65078088.206138715,
          "cagr3": 20.8409940966898,
          "cagr5": 33.58760563762573,
          "cagr10": -0.580172955556113,
          "share": 0.8767040093205636,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.0178796051317103,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.040602244382303046,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014881344427172323,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.025720899955130723,
          "distanceKm": 5315,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 163226803.56900415,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.1302685691404,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 23,
          "exporterIso3": "COL",
          "importerIso3": "MEX",
          "exporterName": "Colombia",
          "importerName": "Mexico",
          "value": 58208456.42364858,
          "cagr3": 31.928420369444055,
          "cagr5": 37.26230434246127,
          "cagr10": 13.121781833540247,
          "share": 0.7841592850934472,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.10138558444463028,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.13600296420404037,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.026252153287258582,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1097508109167818,
          "distanceKm": 3175,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 58208456.42364858,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 25,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 50968938.955497645,
          "cagr3": -5.880944622824891,
          "cagr5": 13.571369753116125,
          "cagr10": -3.12637908953306,
          "share": 0.6866316200248306,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01848920278534222,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.015613898456828887,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.02498834592547415,
          "distanceKm": 2990,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 77935204.71319456,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.60087884151215,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        }
      ],
      "count": 13,
      "value": 2187848348.8154306,
      "averageCagr": 7.93811413559504,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.1631916419922988,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.13461159243442208
    },
    {
      "label": "No FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 2,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 551452963.4596567,
          "cagr3": 10.404357879325454,
          "cagr5": 13.048148967350048,
          "cagr10": -0.30269349023890335,
          "share": 7.428937102230106,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023636035601252523,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009767502736686869,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03697725190028282,
          "distanceKm": 13689,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 590478615.2048273,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.609155817037207,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 3,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 450520547.26679814,
          "cagr3": 0.24052710478699169,
          "cagr5": 8.792304844375586,
          "cagr10": 2.818129665273661,
          "share": 6.0692190099222865,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
          "distanceKm": 10404,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 648748259.4512453,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 30.555413335847938,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 4,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 347055848.4532396,
          "cagr3": -15.899953471678218,
          "cagr5": 5.58533094617697,
          "cagr10": 0.9184601891562449,
          "share": 4.6753870954740835,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023632242597595957,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009761490402262624,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.036983264234707075,
          "distanceKm": 16181,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 835422119.2200632,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 58.45742643524384,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 6,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 254309441.68514127,
          "cagr3": 16.580933110634312,
          "cagr5": 13.497341408261644,
          "cagr10": 0.2510840557543359,
          "share": 3.4259474007167676,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01924863798829293,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016375390997815674,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0428287402708712,
          "distanceKm": 11364,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 488417829.1499112,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.93199049924824,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 7,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "BRA",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Brazil",
          "value": 247022181.229049,
          "cagr3": -5.9097771378710195,
          "cagr5": 14.186745023359881,
          "cagr10": 3.2153290052142403,
          "share": 3.327776562652464,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.28836246655353526,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.28836599972525245,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.03943736239272728,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24892863733252518,
          "distanceKm": 15642,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 338903040.1333205,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.1112524892449,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 10,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "RUS",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Russia",
          "value": 167506780.06,
          "cagr3": 6.210396618108804,
          "cagr5": 23.5138554547361,
          "cagr10": 8.039570476286318,
          "share": 2.256579283672432,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.0670139446670498,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1142576971494253,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0692081698762452,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.045049527273180096,
          "distanceKm": 9302,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 167506780.06,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 12,
          "exporterIso3": "MYS",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Malaysia",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 147942090.53821197,
          "cagr3": -19.46416683543808,
          "cagr5": 7.4044304117154125,
          "cagr10": 1.3427341502028955,
          "share": 1.9930122026830182,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254715177181816,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868688,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016398549576199514,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04280558169248737,
          "distanceKm": 10195,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 283220238.08383316,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.76429412702452,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 13,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "LKA",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Sri Lanka",
          "value": 131074974.95070483,
          "cagr3": 21.289835936037306,
          "cagr5": 118.83775010317206,
          "cagr10": 49.19734144503407,
          "share": 1.7657856773062937,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.22034403873939393,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.21977370466262625,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.20859034795959594,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.011183356703030306,
          "distanceKm": 3332,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 131074974.95070483,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 18,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "ESP",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Spain",
          "value": 96370902.19295987,
          "cagr3": 16.586697260370208,
          "cagr5": 22.490998836800568,
          "cagr10": 16.44294387092402,
          "share": 1.2982673379522869,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
          "distanceKm": 11672,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 96370902.19295987,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 19,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "ITA",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Italy",
          "value": 95130479.18786007,
          "cagr3": 5.712752728033577,
          "cagr5": 29.564933545719274,
          "cagr10": 10.041409306247395,
          "share": 1.281556892827043,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01766446394423233,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.014575006560098502,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04462912470858837,
          "distanceKm": 10406,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 115063171.93040171,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.32326026489026,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 21,
          "exporterIso3": "MYS",
          "importerIso3": "TUR",
          "exporterName": "Malaysia",
          "importerName": "Turkey",
          "value": 84734824.25436725,
          "cagr3": -11.406565867104002,
          "cagr5": 9.247811299190744,
          "cagr10": 9.2610792643687,
          "share": 1.141511101518033,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09064282192632327,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.09772561373939398,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.04742831764983839,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05029729608955559,
          "distanceKm": 8337,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 151033321.9570971,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 43.89660297716472,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 24,
          "exporterIso3": "IDN",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Indonesia",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 52855291.077492945,
          "cagr3": 4.464754500174584,
          "cagr5": 9.891116881848072,
          "cagr10": -6.904598121272764,
          "share": 0.7120437443500752,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01897729602096708,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160506,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016479431600213496,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04230320522694701,
          "distanceKm": 10785,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 140725909.63279244,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 62.44096683019313,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        }
      ],
      "count": 12,
      "value": 2625976324.3554816,
      "averageCagr": 2.400815985448327,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.06867546592535746,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.057603686237445974
    }
  ],
  "tariffHighlights": {
    "lowestApplied": {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 171265763.7081943,
      "cagr3": -0.22586798028866317,
      "cagr5": 12.550719133618538,
      "cagr10": 2.019542510864114,
      "share": 2.307218694358616,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 235143701.52921665,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.16548961575546,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    "largestAdvantage": {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "MYS",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "Malaysia",
      "importerName": "India",
      "value": 101251654.65152797,
      "cagr3": -5.878974707674944,
      "cagr5": 14.59102313765246,
      "cagr10": 4.168418826739773,
      "share": 1.3640187354944817,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.5164805875886868,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.5323102001373736,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10059997060565655,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.43171022953171706,
      "distanceKm": 3834,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 121434525.68494596,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.620372929014554,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  },
  "cta": {
    "label": "Open HS4 1513 workspace",
    "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1513",
    "supportingLinks": [
      {
        "label": "Read the HS4 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the parent HS2 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15"
      },
      {
        "label": "Review data sources",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources"
      },
      {
        "label": "Check data coverage",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the methodology",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read Responsible AI principles",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
      }
    ],
    "context": "Continue researching Vegetable oils in Yugalinks."
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1513",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors",
    "htmlFile": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513/corridors/index.ld.json",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1513",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1513",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}