{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:07.536Z",
  "title": "HS4 1508 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 1508 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 1508",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "1508",
  "parentHs2": "15",
  "subsectorName": "Vegetable oils",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "1508",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 688779805.7736921,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 700587558.5671736,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 697194941.7159573,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 556223166.3355229,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -2.0159836214936333,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 9.699094317969514,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 7.7376165414672515,
    "historical_peak_usd": 732174659.2960618,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 5.926844499656809,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -2.07476195819033,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.753600162960884,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2507.6280245487073,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 2967.9225918801994,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.4728145020514514,
    "active_corridor_count": 1251,
    "active_exporter_count": 118,
    "active_importer_count": 182,
    "active_hs6_count": 2,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 688779805.7736921,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 603733906.9449469,
    "topFiveSharePct": 67.73030818597839,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 324331777.0153873,
      "cagr3": 6.147100824122775,
      "cagr5": 67.92617361696382,
      "cagr10": 29.633926678547628,
      "share": 47.087875442438694,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3007776062141414,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.11164786621212124,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19025088946666663,
      "distanceKm": 4252,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 324331777.0153873,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 20,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -2.0159836214936333,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 9.699094317969514,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 7.7376165414672515,
    "latestYoyPct": -2.07476195819033,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 732174659.2960618,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 5.926844499656809,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2507.6280245487073,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 2967.9225918801994,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4728145020514514,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "India to China leads the reported HS4 1508 routes with $324.3M in 2024 and +6.1% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $688.8M in latest reported trade, with -2% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 324331777.0153873,
      "cagr3": 6.147100824122775,
      "cagr5": 67.92617361696382,
      "cagr10": 29.633926678547628,
      "share": 47.087875442438694,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3007776062141414,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.11164786621212124,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19025088946666663,
      "distanceKm": 4252,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 324331777.0153873,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 20,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "BRA",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Brazil",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 48983786.8642193,
      "cagr3": -18.906765367253108,
      "cagr5": 4.541586468791414,
      "cagr10": 11.503775191672162,
      "share": 7.111675814768819,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 18570,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 210548754.5415806,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 76.73518089866181,
      "yearsWithData": 18,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "ARG",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Argentina",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 38891493.94133341,
      "cagr3": 4.179363654209389,
      "cagr5": 27.233111728787087,
      "cagr10": 14.959920436103413,
      "share": 5.646433535844943,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023642815267090906,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009787192454020202,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03695756218294949,
      "distanceKm": 8492,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 38891493.94133341,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "BRA",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Brazil",
      "importerName": "Italy",
      "value": 29379638.63296483,
      "cagr3": -5.817482046042399,
      "cagr5": 18.058301569881152,
      "cagr10": -0.015676725033342276,
      "share": 4.265461673918168,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019276811614959602,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868686,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01644805611296719,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042756075155719664,
      "distanceKm": 9457,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 52585168.176461995,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 44.129419659979995,
      "yearsWithData": 24,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "ARG",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Argentina",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 24925988.71940017,
      "cagr3": -14.542525480347123,
      "cagr5": -23.5275041196253,
      "cagr10": -7.01341991212513,
      "share": 3.618861719007764,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 19629,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 95307278.91739734,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 73.84671034307519,
      "yearsWithData": 23,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "HKG",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region",
      "value": 15807088.710233357,
      "cagr3": -6.164119050973982,
      "cagr5": 1.3856019838109912,
      "cagr10": 1.195177238002021,
      "share": 2.294940789165208,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 1226,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 22214899.728465006,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.844654248072143,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "NIC",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 11034542.559366332,
      "cagr3": 26.412863576791846,
      "cagr5": 3.637791751047148,
      "cagr10": 1.2321427906917481,
      "share": 1.6020421137305934,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.009156422601543736,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0027259314559459594,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04401882318102373,
      "distanceKm": 3387,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 18541594.78167414,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.487629627886776,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "BRA",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Brazil",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 10659834.014749328,
      "cagr3": 252.84996851363056,
      "cagr5": 379.3397331047567,
      "cagr10": 106.6457727237554,
      "share": 1.5476403235683363,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019276811614959602,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868686,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01644805611296719,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042756075155719664,
      "distanceKm": 9782,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 10659834.014749328,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "NIC",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
      "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
      "importerName": "Italy",
      "value": 10431072.133507174,
      "cagr3": -12.668200251145144,
      "cagr5": 7.009589606391575,
      "cagr10": 10.740857388926518,
      "share": 1.5144276946084627,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01427272146170707,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686885,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011172676989532847,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.048031454279154034,
      "distanceKm": 9829,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 15660719.74918763,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.393405280442074,
      "yearsWithData": 11,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "CAN",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Canada",
      "value": 9590283.129,
      "cagr3": 16.757098347898356,
      "cagr5": 18.75108640430785,
      "cagr10": 10.670472781339413,
      "share": 1.3923583485766449,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.045807528214990095,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.07513050048545458,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.043961979603501,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.031168520881953585,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 10259331.701871645,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.521366033516464,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "GBR",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "United Kingdom",
      "value": 9292008.16793084,
      "cagr3": 15.965649174816289,
      "cagr5": 18.8185426704409,
      "cagr10": 16.39193021327403,
      "share": 1.3490535131896497,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 321,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 9631046.817801502,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 3.5202679032148554,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "BRA",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Brazil",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 8814231.17273426,
      "cagr3": 31.572811435462977,
      "cagr5": 128.42960390411324,
      "cagr10": 61.66668184882666,
      "share": 1.279687804266186,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023641533959515147,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009775010073090907,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03696974456387879,
      "distanceKm": 7658,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 8814231.17273426,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 16,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "ARG",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Argentina",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 8444675.13596153,
      "cagr3": -13.570523340029883,
      "cagr5": 16.7565438196567,
      "cagr10": 21.975331182207647,
      "share": 1.2260340772441494,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254347374151517,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01640978193821972,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04279434933046715,
      "distanceKm": 11026,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 31739046.8742963,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 73.39341924977461,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 6188120.455041828,
      "cagr3": 18.106572336551018,
      "cagr5": 9.067005728904753,
      "cagr10": -1.1325942543113587,
      "share": 0.8984178112032247,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 264,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 18013071.97548603,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.64650125495955,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "ARG",
      "importerIso3": "BEL",
      "exporterName": "Argentina",
      "importerName": "Belgium",
      "value": 5982641.914614255,
      "cagr3": 27.122802460216633,
      "cagr5": 15.28022139913836,
      "cagr10": 3.3499941719589144,
      "share": 0.8685855573094332,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254347374151517,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01640978193821972,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04279434933046715,
      "distanceKm": 11282,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 6340664.6567777535,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2006,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 5.646454457748307,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "NIC",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 5485741.509971022,
      "cagr3": 187.49288883794287,
      "cagr5": 16.952086752139948,
      "cagr10": 392.08626806035596,
      "share": 0.7964434299593034,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01427272146170707,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686885,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011172676989532847,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.048031454279154034,
      "distanceKm": 9027,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 14059101.460167496,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.98085268455225,
      "yearsWithData": 13,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "VNM",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 5464251.834908979,
      "cagr3": 131.15928101196857,
      "cagr5": 406.63389272711026,
      "cagr10": 125.08529332835371,
      "share": 0.7933234669635962,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.24969182270193227,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2725718263550724,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.048121522281852666,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2244503040732197,
      "distanceKm": 2732,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 5464251.834908979,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "PHL",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "Philippines",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 4907996.484241807,
      "cagr3": null,
      "cagr5": null,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 0.7125639345260356,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949492,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04358576721252527,
      "distanceKm": 2469,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4907996.484241807,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 1,
      "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 4300756.870546114,
      "cagr3": 60.32152223429643,
      "cagr5": 51.72333755969307,
      "cagr10": 153.23598537856324,
      "share": 0.624402288582657,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023682824094060608,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00971059566840404,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.037034158968565656,
      "distanceKm": 11771,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 43135544.874975234,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2004,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 90.02966837903288,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "BEL",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Belgium",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 3750815.5878652614,
      "cagr3": 10.50203720642262,
      "cagr5": 14.929269393780874,
      "cagr10": -0.09853254978123838,
      "share": 0.5445594595579131,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 653,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 5698329.993807737,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.1769326813084,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
      "value": 3748207.786107568,
      "cagr3": 80.95189709636739,
      "cagr5": 53.0337293557311,
      "cagr10": 241.02657305793852,
      "share": 0.5441808477380204,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.15539327440096615,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.15905857597826087,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05632769993140096,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1027308760468599,
      "distanceKm": 3652,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 3748207.786107568,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 8,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "SEN",
      "importerIso3": "CHE",
      "exporterName": "Senegal",
      "importerName": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein",
      "value": 3427567.491142554,
      "cagr3": 18.30747314370722,
      "cagr5": -12.366582594742182,
      "cagr10": 1.1428444508968516,
      "share": 0.4976289174582345,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.006088284381296969,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016258528239377776,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.016258528239377776,
      "distanceKm": 4344,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 29732907.765767854,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 88.47214164808736,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "NIC",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 3380313.8392261835,
      "cagr3": -12.683906812038614,
      "cagr5": -12.23754600641539,
      "cagr10": 4.510901071127971,
      "share": 0.49076843003972026,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 14375,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 9853114.386468496,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2015,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.69294025583987,
      "yearsWithData": 13,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 3307239.2536864984,
      "cagr3": 7.9180733118780156,
      "cagr5": 6.5525271903777105,
      "cagr10": 8.434245752990432,
      "share": 0.48015914897091744,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 431,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4045423.136500544,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 18.24738371997854,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "NOR",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Norway",
      "value": 3203833.720807024,
      "cagr3": 4.876611204038639,
      "cagr5": 10.352459009280146,
      "cagr10": 102.22964852594912,
      "share": 0.4651462911587867,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.027626026818626265,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.03487252744353131,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.04009528478727273,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.005222757343741419,
      "distanceKm": 914,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4104711.8953856085,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 21.94741549562405,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  ],
  "growthLeaders": [
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "BRA",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Brazil",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 10659834.014749328,
      "cagr3": 252.84996851363056,
      "cagr5": 379.3397331047567,
      "cagr10": 106.6457727237554,
      "share": 1.5476403235683363,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019276811614959602,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868686,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01644805611296719,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042756075155719664,
      "distanceKm": 9782,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 10659834.014749328,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "NIC",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 5485741.509971022,
      "cagr3": 187.49288883794287,
      "cagr5": 16.952086752139948,
      "cagr10": 392.08626806035596,
      "share": 0.7964434299593034,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.01427272146170707,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686885,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011172676989532847,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.048031454279154034,
      "distanceKm": 9027,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 14059101.460167496,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.98085268455225,
      "yearsWithData": 13,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "VNM",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 5464251.834908979,
      "cagr3": 131.15928101196857,
      "cagr5": 406.63389272711026,
      "cagr10": 125.08529332835371,
      "share": 0.7933234669635962,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.24969182270193227,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2725718263550724,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.048121522281852666,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2244503040732197,
      "distanceKm": 2732,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 5464251.834908979,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
      "value": 3748207.786107568,
      "cagr3": 80.95189709636739,
      "cagr5": 53.0337293557311,
      "cagr10": 241.02657305793852,
      "share": 0.5441808477380204,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.15539327440096615,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.15905857597826087,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05632769993140096,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1027308760468599,
      "distanceKm": 3652,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 3748207.786107568,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 8,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 4300756.870546114,
      "cagr3": 60.32152223429643,
      "cagr5": 51.72333755969307,
      "cagr10": 153.23598537856324,
      "share": 0.624402288582657,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.023682824094060608,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00971059566840404,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.037034158968565656,
      "distanceKm": 11771,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 43135544.874975234,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2004,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 90.02966837903288,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "accessComparison": [
    {
      "label": "FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 6,
          "exporterIso3": "CHN",
          "importerIso3": "HKG",
          "exporterName": "China",
          "importerName": "China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region",
          "value": 15807088.710233357,
          "cagr3": -6.164119050973982,
          "cagr5": 1.3856019838109912,
          "cagr10": 1.195177238002021,
          "share": 2.294940789165208,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 1226,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 22214899.728465006,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.844654248072143,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 7,
          "exporterIso3": "NIC",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 11034542.559366332,
          "cagr3": 26.412863576791846,
          "cagr5": 3.637791751047148,
          "cagr10": 1.2321427906917481,
          "share": 1.6020421137305934,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.009156422601543736,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0027259314559459594,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04401882318102373,
          "distanceKm": 3387,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 18541594.78167414,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.487629627886776,
          "yearsWithData": 28,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 9,
          "exporterIso3": "NIC",
          "importerIso3": "ITA",
          "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
          "importerName": "Italy",
          "value": 10431072.133507174,
          "cagr3": -12.668200251145144,
          "cagr5": 7.009589606391575,
          "cagr10": 10.740857388926518,
          "share": 1.5144276946084627,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01427272146170707,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686885,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011172676989532847,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.048031454279154034,
          "distanceKm": 9829,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 15660719.74918763,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.393405280442074,
          "yearsWithData": 11,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 10,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "CAN",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "Canada",
          "value": 9590283.129,
          "cagr3": 16.757098347898356,
          "cagr5": 18.75108640430785,
          "cagr10": 10.670472781339413,
          "share": 1.3923583485766449,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.045807528214990095,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.07513050048545458,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.043961979603501,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.031168520881953585,
          "distanceKm": 556,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 10259331.701871645,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.521366033516464,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 11,
          "exporterIso3": "BEL",
          "importerIso3": "GBR",
          "exporterName": "Belgium",
          "importerName": "United Kingdom",
          "value": 9292008.16793084,
          "cagr3": 15.965649174816289,
          "cagr5": 18.8185426704409,
          "cagr10": 16.39193021327403,
          "share": 1.3490535131896497,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 321,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 9631046.817801502,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 3.5202679032148554,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 14,
          "exporterIso3": "BEL",
          "importerIso3": "FRA",
          "exporterName": "Belgium",
          "importerName": "France",
          "value": 6188120.455041828,
          "cagr3": 18.106572336551018,
          "cagr5": 9.067005728904753,
          "cagr10": -1.1325942543113587,
          "share": 0.8984178112032247,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 264,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 18013071.97548603,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.64650125495955,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 16,
          "exporterIso3": "NIC",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 5485741.509971022,
          "cagr3": 187.49288883794287,
          "cagr5": 16.952086752139948,
          "cagr10": 392.08626806035596,
          "share": 0.7964434299593034,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.01427272146170707,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686885,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011172676989532847,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.048031454279154034,
          "distanceKm": 9027,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 14059101.460167496,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.98085268455225,
          "yearsWithData": 13,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 17,
          "exporterIso3": "VNM",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 5464251.834908979,
          "cagr3": 131.15928101196857,
          "cagr5": 406.63389272711026,
          "cagr10": 125.08529332835371,
          "share": 0.7933234669635962,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.24969182270193227,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.2725718263550724,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.048121522281852666,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2244503040732197,
          "distanceKm": 2732,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 5464251.834908979,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 7,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 18,
          "exporterIso3": "PHL",
          "importerIso3": "MYS",
          "exporterName": "Philippines",
          "importerName": "Malaysia",
          "value": 4907996.484241807,
          "cagr3": null,
          "cagr5": null,
          "cagr10": null,
          "share": 0.7125639345260356,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09030441878800002,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.09032420998949492,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04358576721252527,
          "distanceKm": 2469,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 4907996.484241807,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 1,
          "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
        },
        {
          "rank": 20,
          "exporterIso3": "BEL",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Belgium",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 3750815.5878652614,
          "cagr3": 10.50203720642262,
          "cagr5": 14.929269393780874,
          "cagr10": -0.09853254978123838,
          "share": 0.5445594595579131,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 653,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 5698329.993807737,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.1769326813084,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 21,
          "exporterIso3": "IND",
          "importerIso3": "VNM",
          "exporterName": "India",
          "importerName": "Viet Nam",
          "value": 3748207.786107568,
          "cagr3": 80.95189709636739,
          "cagr5": 53.0337293557311,
          "cagr10": 241.02657305793852,
          "share": 0.5441808477380204,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.15539327440096615,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.15905857597826087,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05632769993140096,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1027308760468599,
          "distanceKm": 3652,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 3748207.786107568,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 8,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 24,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 3307239.2536864984,
          "cagr3": 7.9180733118780156,
          "cagr5": 6.5525271903777105,
          "cagr10": 8.434245752990432,
          "share": 0.48015914897091744,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 431,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 4045423.136500544,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 18.24738371997854,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 25,
          "exporterIso3": "NLD",
          "importerIso3": "NOR",
          "exporterName": "Netherlands",
          "importerName": "Norway",
          "value": 3203833.720807024,
          "cagr3": 4.876611204038639,
          "cagr5": 10.352459009280146,
          "cagr10": 102.22964852594912,
          "share": 0.4651462911587867,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.027626026818626265,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.03487252744353131,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.04009528478727273,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.005222757343741419,
          "distanceKm": 914,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 4104711.8953856085,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 21.94741549562405,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        }
      ],
      "count": 13,
      "value": 92211201.33266771,
      "averageCagr": 40.109221066879705,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.046655764342267134,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.044732870217512405
    },
    {
      "label": "No FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 1,
          "exporterIso3": "IND",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "India",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 324331777.0153873,
          "cagr3": 6.147100824122775,
          "cagr5": 67.92617361696382,
          "cagr10": 29.633926678547628,
          "share": 47.087875442438694,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3007776062141414,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.11164786621212124,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19025088946666663,
          "distanceKm": 4252,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 324331777.0153873,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 20,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 2,
          "exporterIso3": "BRA",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Brazil",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 48983786.8642193,
          "cagr3": -18.906765367253108,
          "cagr5": 4.541586468791414,
          "cagr10": 11.503775191672162,
          "share": 7.111675814768819,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 18570,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 210548754.5415806,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 76.73518089866181,
          "yearsWithData": 18,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 3,
          "exporterIso3": "ARG",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Argentina",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 38891493.94133341,
          "cagr3": 4.179363654209389,
          "cagr5": 27.233111728787087,
          "cagr10": 14.959920436103413,
          "share": 5.646433535844943,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023642815267090906,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009787192454020202,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03695756218294949,
          "distanceKm": 8492,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 38891493.94133341,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 28,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 4,
          "exporterIso3": "BRA",
          "importerIso3": "ITA",
          "exporterName": "Brazil",
          "importerName": "Italy",
          "value": 29379638.63296483,
          "cagr3": -5.817482046042399,
          "cagr5": 18.058301569881152,
          "cagr10": -0.015676725033342276,
          "share": 4.265461673918168,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.019276811614959602,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868686,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01644805611296719,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042756075155719664,
          "distanceKm": 9457,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 52585168.176461995,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 44.129419659979995,
          "yearsWithData": 24,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 5,
          "exporterIso3": "ARG",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Argentina",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 24925988.71940017,
          "cagr3": -14.542525480347123,
          "cagr5": -23.5275041196253,
          "cagr10": -7.01341991212513,
          "share": 3.618861719007764,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 19629,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 95307278.91739734,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 73.84671034307519,
          "yearsWithData": 23,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 8,
          "exporterIso3": "BRA",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Brazil",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 10659834.014749328,
          "cagr3": 252.84996851363056,
          "cagr5": 379.3397331047567,
          "cagr10": 106.6457727237554,
          "share": 1.5476403235683363,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.019276811614959602,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.05920413126868686,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01644805611296719,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042756075155719664,
          "distanceKm": 9782,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 10659834.014749328,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 28,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 12,
          "exporterIso3": "BRA",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Brazil",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 8814231.17273426,
          "cagr3": 31.572811435462977,
          "cagr5": 128.42960390411324,
          "cagr10": 61.66668184882666,
          "share": 1.279687804266186,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023641533959515147,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.009775010073090907,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03696974456387879,
          "distanceKm": 7658,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 8814231.17273426,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 16,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 13,
          "exporterIso3": "ARG",
          "importerIso3": "FRA",
          "exporterName": "Argentina",
          "importerName": "France",
          "value": 8444675.13596153,
          "cagr3": -13.570523340029883,
          "cagr5": 16.7565438196567,
          "cagr10": 21.975331182207647,
          "share": 1.2260340772441494,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254347374151517,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01640978193821972,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04279434933046715,
          "distanceKm": 11026,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 31739046.8742963,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 73.39341924977461,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 15,
          "exporterIso3": "ARG",
          "importerIso3": "BEL",
          "exporterName": "Argentina",
          "importerName": "Belgium",
          "value": 5982641.914614255,
          "cagr3": 27.122802460216633,
          "cagr5": 15.28022139913836,
          "cagr10": 3.3499941719589144,
          "share": 0.8685855573094332,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.019254347374151517,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.059204131268686865,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.01640978193821972,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04279434933046715,
          "distanceKm": 11282,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 6340664.6567777535,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2006,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 5.646454457748307,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 19,
          "exporterIso3": "IND",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "India",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 4300756.870546114,
          "cagr3": 60.32152223429643,
          "cagr5": 51.72333755969307,
          "cagr10": 153.23598537856324,
          "share": 0.624402288582657,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.023682824094060608,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00971059566840404,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.037034158968565656,
          "distanceKm": 11771,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 43135544.874975234,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2004,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 90.02966837903288,
          "yearsWithData": 22,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 22,
          "exporterIso3": "SEN",
          "importerIso3": "CHE",
          "exporterName": "Senegal",
          "importerName": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein",
          "value": 3427567.491142554,
          "cagr3": 18.30747314370722,
          "cagr5": -12.366582594742182,
          "cagr10": 1.1428444508968516,
          "share": 0.4976289174582345,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.006088284381296969,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.016258528239377776,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.016258528239377776,
          "distanceKm": 4344,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 29732907.765767854,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2007,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 88.47214164808736,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 23,
          "exporterIso3": "NIC",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Nicaragua",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 3380313.8392261835,
          "cagr3": -12.683906812038614,
          "cagr5": -12.23754600641539,
          "cagr10": 4.510901071127971,
          "share": 0.49076843003972026,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 14375,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 9853114.386468496,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2015,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.69294025583987,
          "yearsWithData": 13,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        }
      ],
      "count": 12,
      "value": 511522705.6122793,
      "averageCagr": 27.914986601661237,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.11338263741089093,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.05067274176833961
    }
  ],
  "tariffHighlights": {
    "lowestApplied": {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "HKG",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region",
      "value": 15807088.710233357,
      "cagr3": -6.164119050973982,
      "cagr5": 1.3856019838109912,
      "cagr10": 1.195177238002021,
      "share": 2.294940789165208,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 1226,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 22214899.728465006,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.844654248072143,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    "largestAdvantage": {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "VNM",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Viet Nam",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 5464251.834908979,
      "cagr3": 131.15928101196857,
      "cagr5": 406.63389272711026,
      "cagr10": 125.08529332835371,
      "share": 0.7933234669635962,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.24969182270193227,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2725718263550724,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.048121522281852666,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2244503040732197,
      "distanceKm": 2732,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 5464251.834908979,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 7,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "cta": {
    "label": "Open HS4 1508 workspace",
    "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1508",
    "supportingLinks": [
      {
        "label": "Read the HS4 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the parent HS2 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15"
      },
      {
        "label": "Review data sources",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources"
      },
      {
        "label": "Check data coverage",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the methodology",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read Responsible AI principles",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
      }
    ],
    "context": "Continue researching Vegetable oils in Yugalinks."
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1508",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors",
    "htmlFile": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508/corridors/index.ld.json",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1508",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1508",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/15",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}