{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:05.619Z",
  "title": "HS4 1103 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 1103 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1103/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 1103",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1103"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1103/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "1103",
  "parentHs2": "11",
  "subsectorName": "Cereal groats and meal",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "1103",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 1458898045.711537,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1515833819.642121,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1435067555.561033,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1250086940.5613544,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 2.4415563613068514,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 6.7604038861699856,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 1.4080468595808249,
    "historical_peak_usd": 1582625943.228953,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 7.817886345587141,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -7.4515978139451935,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.0335095017260265,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1490.8997268615278,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 1154.3597586922806,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.43680578380017265,
    "active_corridor_count": 3023,
    "active_exporter_count": 154,
    "active_importer_count": 195,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 1458898045.711537,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 676433227.2682861,
    "topFiveSharePct": 24.093051533503566,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 159858540.9701613,
      "cagr3": 6.373550455945054,
      "cagr5": 11.082642557054779,
      "cagr10": 2.2236714104896027,
      "share": 10.95748544184215,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 202251520.74855042,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 20.96052460890728,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 2.4415563613068514,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 6.7604038861699856,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 1.4080468595808249,
    "latestYoyPct": -7.4515978139451935,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1582625943.228953,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 7.817886345587141,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1490.8997268615278,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1154.3597586922806,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.43680578380017265,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Canada to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads the reported HS4 1103 routes with $159.9M in 2024 and +6.4% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $1.5B in latest reported trade, with +2.4% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "cagr3": 6.373550455945054,
      "cagr5": 11.082642557054779,
      "cagr10": 2.2236714104896027,
      "share": 10.95748544184215,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 202251520.74855042,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 20.96052460890728,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
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      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "ZAF",
      "importerIso3": "COD",
      "exporterName": "South Africa",
      "importerName": "Democratic Republic of the Congo",
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      "cagr5": 58.11144878624492,
      "cagr10": 42.83770692503932,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2775,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 63995517.184957,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "rank": 3,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 44870664.181770004,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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    },
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      "importerIso3": "IRQ",
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    },
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 15085872.01707012,
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      "rank": 17,
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