{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Cereals (HS4 1006) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for cereals at HS4 1006, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1006", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1006/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1006/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1006/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1006/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "1006", "name": "Cereals" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The cereals subsector recorded $37.9B in reported global trade in 2024, with +18.8% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 37927586030.47273, "latestAnnualChangePct": 18.843692309710335, "activeExporters": 178, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 4 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Rapid growth", "tradeCagr3yPct": 11.355034635457638, "tradeCagr5yPct": 9.627635480594353, "historicalPeakUsd": 37927586030.47273, "historicalPeakYear": 2024, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 75.86206896551724, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1663.6140656803263, "importerConcentrationHhi": 903.130399727759, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5174764505795206 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 1006, 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553804675.4553442, "export_partner_count": 62, "import_partner_count": 15, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Uruguay" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "PHL", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 647152.3425582277, "imports_usd": 2475560552.052422, "trade_balance_usd": -2474913399.7098637, "export_partner_count": 36, "import_partner_count": 26, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Philippines" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IDN", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 3577733.6686238144, "imports_usd": 2157927502.0790143, "trade_balance_usd": -2154349768.4103904, "export_partner_count": 37, "import_partner_count": 24, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Indonesia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SAU", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 5887462.492630718, "imports_usd": 1834143365.2860825, "trade_balance_usd": -1828255902.7934518, "export_partner_count": 53, "import_partner_count": 42, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Saudi Arabia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IRQ", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 511019.1382993737, "imports_usd": 1644316943.6074708, "trade_balance_usd": -1643805924.4691713, "export_partner_count": 13, "import_partner_count": 19, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Iraq" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 2459802590.792327, "imports_usd": 1497052543.0595675, "trade_balance_usd": 962750047.7327595, "export_partner_count": 167, "import_partner_count": 84, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IRN", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 3252608.893563109, "imports_usd": 1378838477.2254484, "trade_balance_usd": -1375585868.3318853, "export_partner_count": 33, "import_partner_count": 18, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "VNM", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 4230620172.082196, "imports_usd": 1225862791.484723, "trade_balance_usd": 3004757380.597473, "export_partner_count": 135, "import_partner_count": 28, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Viet Nam" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CHN", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 803314247.8925098, "imports_usd": 1104461656.5398808, "trade_balance_usd": -301147408.64737093, "export_partner_count": 146, "import_partner_count": 31, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CIV", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 1643836.3575835351, "imports_usd": 1030423566.2179942, "trade_balance_usd": -1028779729.8604107, "export_partner_count": 17, "import_partner_count": 28, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Côte d\\'Ivoire" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "MYS", "hs4": 1006, "exports_usd": 2407454.3977459343, "imports_usd": 930442636.7441281, "trade_balance_usd": -928035182.3463821, "export_partner_count": 34, "import_partner_count": 20, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Malaysia" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "100610", "product_name": "Cereals: rice in the husk (paddy or rough)" }, { "hs_code": "100620", "product_name": "Cereals: husked (brown) rice" }, { "hs_code": "100630", "product_name": "Cereals: rice, semi-milled or wholly milled, whether or not polished or glazed" }, { "hs_code": "100640", "product_name": "Cereals: rice, broken" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }