{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Cereals (HS4 1002) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for cereals at HS4 1002, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1002", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1002/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1002/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1002/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1002/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "1002", "name": "Cereals" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The cereals subsector recorded $415.9M in reported global trade in 2024, with -8% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 415896755.86752176, "latestAnnualChangePct": -8.041390829207407, "activeExporters": 95, "activeImporters": 114, "activeHs6Products": 2 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Declining", "tradeCagr3yPct": -8.280635322769736, "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.610336497627188, "historicalPeakUsd": 539016946.37106, "historicalPeakYear": 2021, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2122.534590368327, "importerConcentrationHhi": 1713.5775637797615, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.3749266952505046 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 1002, 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"trade_balance_usd": 2424722.271298889, "export_partner_count": 24, "import_partner_count": 11, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Austria" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 93433612.27545778, "imports_usd": 125826896.5401153, "trade_balance_usd": -32393284.264657512, "export_partner_count": 47, "import_partner_count": 31, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 5157220.062229017, "imports_usd": 87681182.56547397, "trade_balance_usd": -82523962.50324495, "export_partner_count": 18, "import_partner_count": 10, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 2174444.703913152, "imports_usd": 53648632.66275555, "trade_balance_usd": -51474187.9588424, "export_partner_count": 9, "import_partner_count": 14, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Spain" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 2772911.249221471, "imports_usd": 33747362.88995676, "trade_balance_usd": -30974451.640735287, "export_partner_count": 33, "import_partner_count": 26, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DNK", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 4506419.534006324, "imports_usd": 33131193.196555845, "trade_balance_usd": -28624773.66254952, "export_partner_count": 28, "import_partner_count": 24, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Denmark" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SWE", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 2621566.4605782023, "imports_usd": 6230591.0633517355, "trade_balance_usd": -3609024.602773533, "export_partner_count": 9, "import_partner_count": 11, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Sweden" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KAZ", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 1835019.460171127, "imports_usd": 5425245.710011593, "trade_balance_usd": -3590226.2498404663, "export_partner_count": 3, "import_partner_count": 1, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Kazakhstan" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 59.455830705124605, "imports_usd": 5368066.701806814, "trade_balance_usd": -5368007.245976109, "export_partner_count": 1, "import_partner_count": 5, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 159514842.30868456, "imports_usd": 5347726.822904321, "trade_balance_usd": 154167115.48578024, "export_partner_count": 29, "import_partner_count": 12, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BEL", "hs4": 1002, "exports_usd": 1084428.551403026, "imports_usd": 5246908.85993468, "trade_balance_usd": -4162480.308531654, "export_partner_count": 8, "import_partner_count": 15, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Belgium" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "100200", "product_name": "Cereals: rye" }, { "hs_code": "100210", "product_name": "Cereals: rye, seed" }, { "hs_code": "100290", "product_name": "Cereals: rye, other than seed" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }