{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Cereals (HS4 1001) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for cereals at HS4 1001, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "1001", "name": "Cereals" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The cereals subsector recorded $56.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -6.5% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 56535188472.93164, "latestAnnualChangePct": -6.524489649541199, "activeExporters": 141, "activeImporters": 192, "activeHs6Products": 4 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": -1.6000080012851692, "tradeCagr5yPct": 6.563873023958777, "historicalPeakUsd": 71502207317.26999, "historicalPeakYear": 2022, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 55.172413793103445, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1206.0234006932956, "importerConcentrationHhi": 818.7652549523773, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.48778964379255885 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 1001, 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"country_iso3": "ESP", "hs4": 1001, "exports_usd": 145842513.58869562, "imports_usd": 1772944534.2278254, "trade_balance_usd": -1627102020.6391299, "export_partner_count": 43, "import_partner_count": 41, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Spain" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DZA", "hs4": 1001, "exports_usd": 43353.31760619775, "imports_usd": 1765668626.064834, "trade_balance_usd": -1765625272.747228, "export_partner_count": 4, "import_partner_count": 13, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Algeria" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BRA", "hs4": 1001, "exports_usd": 571369899.4664764, "imports_usd": 1710453855.4041553, "trade_balance_usd": -1139083955.9376788, "export_partner_count": 31, "import_partner_count": 8, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Brazil" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IRN", "hs4": 1001, "exports_usd": 11157.524081496707, "imports_usd": 1678286319.3468075, "trade_balance_usd": -1678275161.822726, "export_partner_count": 7, "import_partner_count": 13, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "100110", "product_name": "Cereals: durum wheat" }, { "hs_code": "100111", "product_name": "Cereals: wheat and meslin, durum wheat, seed" }, { "hs_code": "100119", "product_name": "Cereals: wheat and meslin, durum wheat, other than seed" }, { "hs_code": "100190", "product_name": "Cereals: meslin and wheat other than durum" }, { "hs_code": "100191", "product_name": "Cereals: wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, seed" }, { "hs_code": "100199", "product_name": "Cereals: wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, other than seed" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }