{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:05.130Z",
  "title": "HS4 1001 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 1001 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 1001",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "1001",
  "parentHs2": "10",
  "subsectorName": "Cereals",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "1001",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 56535188472.93164,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 64266445917.50171,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 59743460185.12844,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 49883234358.269325,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -1.6000080012851692,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 6.563873023958777,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 1.4097128406590054,
    "historical_peak_usd": 71502207317.26999,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 20.932247277243636,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -6.524489649541199,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.0097208419441746,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1206.0234006932956,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 818.7652549523773,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.48778964379255885,
    "active_corridor_count": 2497,
    "active_exporter_count": 141,
    "active_importer_count": 192,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 56535188472.93164,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 20490038753.561375,
    "topFiveSharePct": 12.447587058077628,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "EGY",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Egypt",
      "value": 2766312535.526492,
      "cagr3": 19.623736349819822,
      "cagr5": 16.385770006363497,
      "cagr10": 10.405237657742973,
      "share": 4.8930809470122645,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2901,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2766312535.526492,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 24,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -1.6000080012851692,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 6.563873023958777,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 1.4097128406590054,
    "latestYoyPct": -6.524489649541199,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 71502207317.26999,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 20.932247277243636,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1206.0234006932956,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 818.7652549523773,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.48778964379255885,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Russia to Egypt leads the reported HS4 1001 routes with $2.8B in 2024 and +19.6% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $56.5B in latest reported trade, with -1.6% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "EGY",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Egypt",
      "value": 2766312535.526492,
      "cagr3": 19.623736349819822,
      "cagr5": 16.385770006363497,
      "cagr10": 10.405237657742973,
      "share": 4.8930809470122645,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2901,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2766312535.526492,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 24,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
      "value": 1148414812.416534,
      "cagr3": -4.405472514405872,
      "cagr5": 6.2102414749120705,
      "cagr10": 2.828423350298892,
      "share": 2.03132746778828,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1629692193.2678761,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 29.53179642385595,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "ARG",
      "importerIso3": "BRA",
      "exporterName": "Argentina",
      "importerName": "Brazil",
      "value": 1110159291.454911,
      "cagr3": -8.768756403671807,
      "cagr5": -1.7990892695261662,
      "cagr10": 7.254568093002001,
      "share": 1.9636607243052557,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2810371037559596,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.2883659997252525,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.16987236177789905,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.11849363794735346,
      "distanceKm": 1675,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1524652763.154344,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.186089955452562,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
      "value": 1037952802,
      "cagr3": -16.110896807101437,
      "cagr5": -5.123746429952847,
      "cagr10": -0.09800112171916009,
      "share": 1.8359411722788526,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.08505396721187741,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.096165170908046,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029698601970498076,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06646656893754792,
      "distanceKm": 1757,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2434985011.800599,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.37333917992108,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "AUS",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Australia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 974427362.2184972,
      "cagr3": 4.994340435604494,
      "cagr5": 72.36576360528213,
      "cagr10": 9.147087451434555,
      "share": 1.7235767466929754,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.2965061338323232,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.061813778940967706,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24008497673782023,
      "distanceKm": 8024,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2188045075.828994,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.46584606583976,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "UKR",
      "importerIso3": "ESP",
      "exporterName": "Ukraine",
      "importerName": "Spain",
      "value": 962821617.3503734,
      "cagr3": 187.31824074800966,
      "cagr5": 64.32937608286946,
      "cagr10": 22.024254339731165,
      "share": 1.7030483904928708,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.020931186810076635,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04883497429885057,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0185581930502177,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.030276781248632874,
      "distanceKm": 2869,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 962821617.3503734,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 25,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "AUS",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "Australia",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
      "value": 898219047.1245646,
      "cagr3": -12.078871448121253,
      "cagr5": 31.773717846450754,
      "cagr10": -2.3113336120554773,
      "share": 1.5887787259338864,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.17422297265232325,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.17946165427272728,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.005872368152787881,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1735892861199394,
      "distanceKm": 5202,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1507564580.5779557,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.419199369872835,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
      "value": 803560251.470938,
      "cagr3": -0.313534862656939,
      "cagr5": 103.88985419221419,
      "cagr10": 9.482506425850247,
      "share": 1.4213453128500186,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2464,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 811166220.8700402,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0.9376585468443452,
      "yearsWithData": 23,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "PHL",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Philippines",
      "value": 761411035.4573616,
      "cagr3": -5.161804923513447,
      "cagr5": 0.9498941570726949,
      "cagr10": 2.1130294231871405,
      "share": 1.3467913630851622,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.19392619136161615,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161615,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 13689,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 968332649.5485069,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 21.368856475884005,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "UKR",
      "importerIso3": "EGY",
      "exporterName": "Ukraine",
      "importerName": "Egypt",
      "value": 745233751.6446309,
      "cagr3": -3.1587296334692483,
      "cagr5": 2.0737083894779795,
      "cagr10": 1.3118009259011743,
      "share": 1.3181768236280662,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2267,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 820561397.5594254,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 9.18001335900513,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
      "value": 738528691.1204257,
      "cagr3": 10.807597305846418,
      "cagr5": 4.622882521548122,
      "cagr10": 6.209243846970747,
      "share": 1.30631684631957,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1794616542727273,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1794616542727273,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 15806,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 830367370.8684415,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 11.060005844397052,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "MAR",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Morocco",
      "value": 730762973.295316,
      "cagr3": 32.614736582970494,
      "cagr5": 15.368603048353545,
      "cagr10": 2.971024575040304,
      "share": 1.2925807678967876,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4806984684848484,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011137358973000002,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1176881160.9670904,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.90681697251244,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 706810622.9650192,
      "cagr3": 0.6838729818439582,
      "cagr5": 19.180451420570634,
      "cagr10": 18.984037110273256,
      "share": 1.2502136139573172,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11441,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 857768641.0610114,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.59892013646776,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 704202216.8845686,
      "cagr3": 20.599561282344858,
      "cagr5": 10.7700229450306,
      "cagr10": -3.413962185086239,
      "share": 1.2455998395083303,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1052099530.8959005,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.066958381312546,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "AUS",
      "importerIso3": "PHL",
      "exporterName": "Australia",
      "importerName": "Philippines",
      "value": 661614539.3870906,
      "cagr3": 7.145191171271903,
      "cagr5": 8.235444710962291,
      "cagr10": 16.1872196366738,
      "share": 1.1702703347382728,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1907405390919192,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161618,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00166510598430303,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19226108537731315,
      "distanceKm": 6321,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1102971076.8079925,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.01524126074016,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "AUS",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "Australia",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
      "value": 656262093.4127135,
      "cagr3": -8.041042903853391,
      "cagr5": 24.356023935071548,
      "cagr10": 5.017395876108344,
      "share": 1.160802875410814,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.15290679575700483,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1590585759782609,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.021059392568980675,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.13799918340928022,
      "distanceKm": 6694,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 982641933.163975,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.21452390092516,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 595765457.3466425,
      "cagr3": 2.4830567079678234,
      "cagr5": 5.22648220253803,
      "cagr10": 0.7421404200582904,
      "share": 1.0537958277646633,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0404610051778586,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07604979538747726,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.03544755100517422,
      "distanceKm": 10367,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 816899015.0575897,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.069876892354642,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Japan",
      "value": 589693732.401876,
      "cagr3": -6.208729384192935,
      "cagr5": -0.7657272585003039,
      "cagr10": -4.250110375568106,
      "share": 1.043056100687122,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04055785931159596,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.040602244382303025,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.028737436999999994,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.011864807382303031,
      "distanceKm": 10872,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1723773426.404984,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.79053120503708,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "BEL",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Belgium",
      "value": 584034560.9138577,
      "cagr3": -3.4345338418787175,
      "cagr5": 2.045142755354612,
      "cagr10": 2.340090505574288,
      "share": 1.0330461022403532,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 264,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 812520770.7315538,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.120660793936175,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "CZE",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Czechia",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 578506440.8251266,
      "cagr3": 8.533178981127932,
      "cagr5": 14.103456194427455,
      "cagr10": 1.8414365175192904,
      "share": 1.0232679088035737,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.011496931921698412,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.022176024142857142,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.005402134669555556,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.016773889473301586,
      "distanceKm": 280,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 642930728.2424221,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 10.020408822799922,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "KAZ",
      "importerIso3": "UZB",
      "exporterName": "Kazakhstan",
      "importerName": "Uzbekistan",
      "value": 566107280.7387421,
      "cagr3": -1.5676623397391731,
      "cagr5": 9.87634738427663,
      "cagr10": 12.707876083186843,
      "share": 1.0013361519256052,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.06063534776800766,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.141296613789272,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00004833423406130268,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1412482795552107,
      "distanceKm": 672,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 760638435.5748428,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 25.57472062124842,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "UKR",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "Ukraine",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
      "value": 561534026.7284904,
      "cagr3": -8.569130499634392,
      "cagr5": -0.7981729570201046,
      "cagr10": 22.145106403123172,
      "share": 0.9932469350435543,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.11025576423371647,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.11025576423371647,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 9579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 734678834.2934189,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 23.56741469644371,
      "yearsWithData": 23,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 540834057.3876922,
      "cagr3": -12.096617404510667,
      "cagr5": 56.51628497858574,
      "cagr10": 9.670996814794265,
      "share": 0.9566326247353664,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1222276469.6255317,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.75190467723008,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 536371127.1093248,
      "cagr3": 6.5858765283283605,
      "cagr5": 33.52073473870987,
      "cagr10": 43.2557424974682,
      "share": 0.9487385495603906,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 9284,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 572768138.8968111,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.354580381791022,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "SAU",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
      "value": 530498426.38018274,
      "cagr3": 54.24356603222087,
      "cagr5": 738.6629825896256,
      "cagr10": 106.70252906829054,
      "share": 0.9383508584820212,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 3528,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 777026797.0715863,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 31.72713883491604,
      "yearsWithData": 16,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "growthLeaders": [
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "UKR",
      "importerIso3": "ESP",
      "exporterName": "Ukraine",
      "importerName": "Spain",
      "value": 962821617.3503734,
      "cagr3": 187.31824074800966,
      "cagr5": 64.32937608286946,
      "cagr10": 22.024254339731165,
      "share": 1.7030483904928708,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.020931186810076635,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04883497429885057,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0185581930502177,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.030276781248632874,
      "distanceKm": 2869,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 962821617.3503734,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 25,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "SAU",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
      "value": 530498426.38018274,
      "cagr3": 54.24356603222087,
      "cagr5": 738.6629825896256,
      "cagr10": 106.70252906829054,
      "share": 0.9383508584820212,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 3528,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 777026797.0715863,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 31.72713883491604,
      "yearsWithData": 16,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "MAR",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Morocco",
      "value": 730762973.295316,
      "cagr3": 32.614736582970494,
      "cagr5": 15.368603048353545,
      "cagr10": 2.971024575040304,
      "share": 1.2925807678967876,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4806984684848484,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011137358973000002,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1176881160.9670904,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.90681697251244,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "CAN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 704202216.8845686,
      "cagr3": 20.599561282344858,
      "cagr5": 10.7700229450306,
      "cagr10": -3.413962185086239,
      "share": 1.2455998395083303,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
      "distanceKm": 556,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1052099530.8959005,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.066958381312546,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "EGY",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Egypt",
      "value": 2766312535.526492,
      "cagr3": 19.623736349819822,
      "cagr5": 16.385770006363497,
      "cagr10": 10.405237657742973,
      "share": 4.8930809470122645,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2901,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2766312535.526492,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 24,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "accessComparison": [
    {
      "label": "FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 2,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "MEX",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "Mexico",
          "value": 1148414812.416534,
          "cagr3": -4.405472514405872,
          "cagr5": 6.2102414749120705,
          "cagr10": 2.828423350298892,
          "share": 2.03132746778828,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
          "distanceKm": 3359,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1629692193.2678761,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 29.53179642385595,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 3,
          "exporterIso3": "ARG",
          "importerIso3": "BRA",
          "exporterName": "Argentina",
          "importerName": "Brazil",
          "value": 1110159291.454911,
          "cagr3": -8.768756403671807,
          "cagr5": -1.7990892695261662,
          "cagr10": 7.254568093002001,
          "share": 1.9636607243052557,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.2810371037559596,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.2883659997252525,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.16987236177789905,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.11849363794735346,
          "distanceKm": 1675,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1524652763.154344,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.186089955452562,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 5,
          "exporterIso3": "AUS",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Australia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 974427362.2184972,
          "cagr3": 4.994340435604494,
          "cagr5": 72.36576360528213,
          "cagr10": 9.147087451434555,
          "share": 1.7235767466929754,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.2965061338323232,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.061813778940967706,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.24008497673782023,
          "distanceKm": 8024,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 2188045075.828994,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.46584606583976,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 6,
          "exporterIso3": "UKR",
          "importerIso3": "ESP",
          "exporterName": "Ukraine",
          "importerName": "Spain",
          "value": 962821617.3503734,
          "cagr3": 187.31824074800966,
          "cagr5": 64.32937608286946,
          "cagr10": 22.024254339731165,
          "share": 1.7030483904928708,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.020931186810076635,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04883497429885057,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0185581930502177,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.030276781248632874,
          "distanceKm": 2869,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 962821617.3503734,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 25,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 7,
          "exporterIso3": "AUS",
          "importerIso3": "IDN",
          "exporterName": "Australia",
          "importerName": "Indonesia",
          "value": 898219047.1245646,
          "cagr3": -12.078871448121253,
          "cagr5": 31.773717846450754,
          "cagr10": -2.3113336120554773,
          "share": 1.5887787259338864,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.17422297265232325,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.17946165427272728,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.005872368152787881,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1735892861199394,
          "distanceKm": 5202,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1507564580.5779557,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.419199369872835,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 8,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "IRN",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
          "value": 803560251.470938,
          "cagr3": -0.313534862656939,
          "cagr5": 103.88985419221419,
          "cagr10": 9.482506425850247,
          "share": 1.4213453128500186,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 2464,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 811166220.8700402,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0.9376585468443452,
          "yearsWithData": 23,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 12,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "MAR",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "Morocco",
          "value": 730762973.295316,
          "cagr3": 32.614736582970494,
          "cagr5": 15.368603048353545,
          "cagr10": 2.971024575040304,
          "share": 1.2925807678967876,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.4768519003587878,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.4806984684848484,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011137358973000002,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.4695611095118484,
          "distanceKm": 1886,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1176881160.9670904,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.90681697251244,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 14,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "USA",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "value": 704202216.8845686,
          "cagr3": 20.599561282344858,
          "cagr5": 10.7700229450306,
          "cagr10": -3.413962185086239,
          "share": 1.2455998395083303,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.022607953013134546,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.02283901769554344,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
          "distanceKm": 556,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1052099530.8959005,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.066958381312546,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 15,
          "exporterIso3": "AUS",
          "importerIso3": "PHL",
          "exporterName": "Australia",
          "importerName": "Philippines",
          "value": 661614539.3870906,
          "cagr3": 7.145191171271903,
          "cagr5": 8.235444710962291,
          "cagr10": 16.1872196366738,
          "share": 1.1702703347382728,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.1907405390919192,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161618,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00166510598430303,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.19226108537731315,
          "distanceKm": 6321,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1102971076.8079925,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 40.01524126074016,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 16,
          "exporterIso3": "AUS",
          "importerIso3": "VNM",
          "exporterName": "Australia",
          "importerName": "Viet Nam",
          "value": 656262093.4127135,
          "cagr3": -8.041042903853391,
          "cagr5": 24.356023935071548,
          "cagr10": 5.017395876108344,
          "share": 1.160802875410814,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.15290679575700483,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1590585759782609,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.021059392568980675,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.13799918340928022,
          "distanceKm": 6694,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 982641933.163975,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 33.21452390092516,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 19,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "BEL",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "Belgium",
          "value": 584034560.9138577,
          "cagr3": -3.4345338418787175,
          "cagr5": 2.045142755354612,
          "cagr10": 2.340090505574288,
          "share": 1.0330461022403532,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 264,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 812520770.7315538,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.120660793936175,
          "yearsWithData": 26,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 20,
          "exporterIso3": "CZE",
          "importerIso3": "DEU",
          "exporterName": "Czechia",
          "importerName": "Germany",
          "value": 578506440.8251266,
          "cagr3": 8.533178981127932,
          "cagr5": 14.103456194427455,
          "cagr10": 1.8414365175192904,
          "share": 1.0232679088035737,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.011496931921698412,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.022176024142857142,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.005402134669555556,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.016773889473301586,
          "distanceKm": 280,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 642930728.2424221,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 10.020408822799922,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 21,
          "exporterIso3": "KAZ",
          "importerIso3": "UZB",
          "exporterName": "Kazakhstan",
          "importerName": "Uzbekistan",
          "value": 566107280.7387421,
          "cagr3": -1.5676623397391731,
          "cagr5": 9.87634738427663,
          "cagr10": 12.707876083186843,
          "share": 1.0013361519256052,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.06063534776800766,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.141296613789272,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00004833423406130268,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1412482795552107,
          "distanceKm": 672,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 760638435.5748428,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 25.57472062124842,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        }
      ],
      "count": 13,
      "value": 10379092487.493235,
      "averageCagr": 17.122721145154017,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.17110554040247342,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.13961485114736052
    },
    {
      "label": "No FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 1,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "EGY",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Egypt",
          "value": 2766312535.526492,
          "cagr3": 19.623736349819822,
          "cagr5": 16.385770006363497,
          "cagr10": 10.405237657742973,
          "share": 4.8930809470122645,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 2901,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 2766312535.526492,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 24,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 4,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "TUR",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Turkey",
          "value": 1037952802,
          "cagr3": -16.110896807101437,
          "cagr5": -5.123746429952847,
          "cagr10": -0.09800112171916009,
          "share": 1.8359411722788526,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.08505396721187741,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.096165170908046,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029698601970498076,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06646656893754792,
          "distanceKm": 1757,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 2434985011.800599,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.37333917992108,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 9,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "PHL",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "Philippines",
          "value": 761411035.4573616,
          "cagr3": -5.161804923513447,
          "cagr5": 0.9498941570726949,
          "cagr10": 2.1130294231871405,
          "share": 1.3467913630851622,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.19392619136161615,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.19392619136161615,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 13689,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 968332649.5485069,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 21.368856475884005,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 10,
          "exporterIso3": "UKR",
          "importerIso3": "EGY",
          "exporterName": "Ukraine",
          "importerName": "Egypt",
          "value": 745233751.6446309,
          "cagr3": -3.1587296334692483,
          "cagr5": 2.0737083894779795,
          "cagr10": 1.3118009259011743,
          "share": 1.3181768236280662,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.27951913190038313,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 2267,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 820561397.5594254,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 9.18001335900513,
          "yearsWithData": 27,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 11,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "IDN",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "Indonesia",
          "value": 738528691.1204257,
          "cagr3": 10.807597305846418,
          "cagr5": 4.622882521548122,
          "cagr10": 6.209243846970747,
          "share": 1.30631684631957,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.1794616542727273,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1794616542727273,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 15806,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 830367370.8684415,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 11.060005844397052,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 13,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 706810622.9650192,
          "cagr3": 0.6838729818439582,
          "cagr5": 19.180451420570634,
          "cagr10": 18.984037110273256,
          "share": 1.2502136139573172,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 11441,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 857768641.0610114,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 17.59892013646776,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 17,
          "exporterIso3": "CAN",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "Canada",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 595765457.3466425,
          "cagr3": 2.4830567079678234,
          "cagr5": 5.22648220253803,
          "cagr10": 0.7421404200582904,
          "share": 1.0537958277646633,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.0404610051778586,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.04060224438230304,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07604979538747726,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.03544755100517422,
          "distanceKm": 10367,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 816899015.0575897,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.069876892354642,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 18,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "JPN",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "Japan",
          "value": 589693732.401876,
          "cagr3": -6.208729384192935,
          "cagr5": -0.7657272585003039,
          "cagr10": -4.250110375568106,
          "share": 1.043056100687122,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.04055785931159596,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.040602244382303025,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.028737436999999994,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.011864807382303031,
          "distanceKm": 10872,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1723773426.404984,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 65.79053120503708,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 22,
          "exporterIso3": "UKR",
          "importerIso3": "IDN",
          "exporterName": "Ukraine",
          "importerName": "Indonesia",
          "value": 561534026.7284904,
          "cagr3": -8.569130499634392,
          "cagr5": -0.7981729570201046,
          "cagr10": 22.145106403123172,
          "share": 0.9932469350435543,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.11025576423371647,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.11025576423371647,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 9579,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 734678834.2934189,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 23.56741469644371,
          "yearsWithData": 23,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        },
        {
          "rank": 23,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 540834057.3876922,
          "cagr3": -12.096617404510667,
          "cagr5": 56.51628497858574,
          "cagr10": 9.670996814794265,
          "share": 0.9566326247353664,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 11883,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 1222276469.6255317,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.75190467723008,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 24,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 536371127.1093248,
          "cagr3": 6.5858765283283605,
          "cagr5": 33.52073473870987,
          "cagr10": 43.2557424974682,
          "share": 0.9487385495603906,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 9284,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 572768138.8968111,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 6.354580381791022,
          "yearsWithData": 22,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 25,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "SAU",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
          "value": 530498426.38018274,
          "cagr3": 54.24356603222087,
          "cagr5": 738.6629825896256,
          "cagr10": 106.70252906829054,
          "share": 0.9383508584820212,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.07866936918390804,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 3528,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 777026797.0715863,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 31.72713883491604,
          "yearsWithData": 16,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        }
      ],
      "count": 12,
      "value": 10110946266.068138,
      "averageCagr": 3.5934831044670936,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.18276002846586914,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.014294608438225576
    }
  ],
  "tariffHighlights": {
    "lowestApplied": {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "BEL",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Belgium",
      "value": 584034560.9138577,
      "cagr3": -3.4345338418787175,
      "cagr5": 2.045142755354612,
      "cagr10": 2.340090505574288,
      "share": 1.0330461022403532,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 264,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 812520770.7315538,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 28.120660793936175,
      "yearsWithData": 26,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    "largestAdvantage": {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "MAR",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "Morocco",
      "value": 730762973.295316,
      "cagr3": 32.614736582970494,
      "cagr5": 15.368603048353545,
      "cagr10": 2.971024575040304,
      "share": 1.2925807678967876,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4806984684848484,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.011137358973000002,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1176881160.9670904,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 37.90681697251244,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "cta": {
    "label": "Open HS4 1001 workspace",
    "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1001",
    "supportingLinks": [
      {
        "label": "Read the HS4 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the parent HS2 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/10"
      },
      {
        "label": "Review data sources",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources"
      },
      {
        "label": "Check data coverage",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the methodology",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read Responsible AI principles",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
      }
    ],
    "context": "Continue researching Cereals in Yugalinks."
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1001",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/10",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/10",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors",
    "htmlFile": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001/corridors/index.ld.json",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=1001",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/1001",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/10",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/10",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}