{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:05.046Z",
  "title": "HS4 0908 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 0908 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0908/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 0908",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0908"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0908/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "0908",
  "parentHs2": "09",
  "subsectorName": "Spices",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "0908",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 1296917927.5151246,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1178328745.2472665,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1339500248.934464,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1071217126.7327636,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -4.423074901660695,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 3.8240476726122408,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 7.050190244748644,
    "historical_peak_usd": 1677081109.698153,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 22.668145266477396,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 5.707298538880849,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.47326514640934,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 3277.515121003778,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 1346.913590573344,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.7109622951670684,
    "active_corridor_count": 2552,
    "active_exporter_count": 146,
    "active_importer_count": 197,
    "active_hs6_count": 6,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 1296917927.5151246,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 871131173.9403569,
    "topFiveSharePct": 40.00117901977719,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "GTM",
      "importerIso3": "SAU",
      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
      "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
      "value": 173259373.03857404,
      "cagr3": 0.579219425950317,
      "cagr5": 0.33406070817374456,
      "cagr10": 9.510369516011385,
      "share": 13.359316681706792,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09920948249898989,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.09920948249898989,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 13660,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 294938862.3257587,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 41.255834625411346,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -4.423074901660695,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.8240476726122408,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 7.050190244748644,
    "latestYoyPct": 5.707298538880849,
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1677081109.698153,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 22.668145266477396,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 3277.515121003778,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1346.913590573344,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.7109622951670684,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Guatemala to Saudi Arabia leads the reported HS4 0908 routes with $173.3M in 2024 and +0.6% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $1.3B in latest reported trade, with -4.4% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "GTM",
      "importerIso3": "SAU",
      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
      "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
      "value": 173259373.03857404,
      "cagr3": 0.579219425950317,
      "cagr5": 0.33406070817374456,
      "cagr10": 9.510369516011385,
      "share": 13.359316681706792,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09920948249898989,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.09920948249898989,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 13660,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 294938862.3257587,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 41.255834625411346,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "GTM",
      "importerIso3": "ARE",
      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
      "importerName": "United Arab Emirates",
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      "cagr3": 6.565839464927881,
      "cagr5": 0.40140976936600126,
      "cagr10": 6.626150045996915,
      "share": 9.609460175923813,
      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 14255,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 169139302.27140546,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
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      "rank": 3,
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      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "China",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2330844069818181,
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      "distanceKm": 2204,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 84372677.73140693,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
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      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "Nepal",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
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      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "Saudi Arabia",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2017,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "GTM",
      "importerIso3": "JOR",
      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
      "importerName": "Jordan",
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
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    {
      "rank": 9,
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      "importerIso3": "IRQ",
      "exporterName": "United Arab Emirates",
      "importerName": "Iraq",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 26067639.143999986,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
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      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
      "importerName": "Bangladesh",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "IDN",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "Indonesia",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 1876,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 34211974.219175905,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
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      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
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      "importerIso3": "PAK",
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      "importerName": "Pakistan",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 15009,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 29874332.323794384,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 52.012364721158164,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "GTM",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Guatemala",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004044815599416162,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.042699939037553536,
      "distanceKm": 3308,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2020,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 35.326146737923175,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "ARE",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "United Arab Emirates",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
      "value": 12981611.379127141,
      "cagr3": 20.660955942968485,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "KWT",
      "exporterName": "India",
      "importerName": "Kuwait",
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      "cagr3": 3.673915074611944,
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      "share": 0.980285477419762,
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