{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Dairy produce (HS4 0404) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for dairy produce at HS4 0404, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0404",
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    "sameAs": [
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  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0404/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0404/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0404/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/0404/index.ld.json",
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  "internalLinks": {
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    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
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    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "0404",
    "name": "Dairy produce"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The dairy produce subsector recorded $5.4B in reported global trade in 2024, with +1.6% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 5383014965.079872,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 1.6105968232098644,
    "activeExporters": 122,
    "activeImporters": 194,
    "activeHs6Products": 2
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -1.366044816343992,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.5750097413240978,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 6325918274.765917,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 72.41379310344827,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1186.601819596744,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 713.7535041201202,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.547563661961185
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 807703312.9402224,
      "corridor_count": 1065,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 877167026.760762,
      "corridor_count": 1043,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 842633550.158695,
      "corridor_count": 1161,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 981064961.7454867,
      "corridor_count": 1171,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1036416056.3647165,
      "corridor_count": 1279,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1153869361.4987063,
      "corridor_count": 1475,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 1250820999.3887968,
      "corridor_count": 1559,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 1199243032.127921,
      "corridor_count": 1619,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 1248303265.5701697,
      "corridor_count": 1623,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
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      "global_trade_usd": 1672528902.9242449,
      "corridor_count": 1779,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2729881030.0724587,
      "corridor_count": 1929,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 404,
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      "corridor_count": 2014,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "global_trade_usd": 3564652771.0113435,
      "corridor_count": 2026,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2686055880.699696,
      "corridor_count": 2043,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 3576238697.433999,
      "corridor_count": 2092,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 4708837071.87248,
      "corridor_count": 2168,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 5081421344.12398,
      "corridor_count": 2330,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 5869699558.933381,
      "corridor_count": 2281,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
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      "global_trade_usd": 6026134925.931526,
      "corridor_count": 2383,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
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      "global_trade_usd": 4209378123.782776,
      "corridor_count": 2471,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 4501287679.38449,
      "corridor_count": 2435,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 4289348567.507091,
      "corridor_count": 2449,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 4515966099.505273,
      "corridor_count": 2520,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 404,
      "global_trade_usd": 4834338800.306159,
      "corridor_count": 2581,
      "active_hs6_count": 2
    },
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      "year": 2021,
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      "corridor_count": 2610,
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      "year": 2022,
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      "year": 2023,
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      "distance_km": 8894,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
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      "importer_name": "United Kingdom"
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      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 8,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "country_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
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      "export_partner_count": 120,
      "import_partner_count": 47,
      "active_hs6_count": 2,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
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      "exports_usd": 181563215.5882272,
      "imports_usd": 149190063.0358962,
      "trade_balance_usd": 32373152.552331,
      "export_partner_count": 88,
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      "active_hs6_count": 2,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "040410",
      "product_name": "Dairy produce: whey, whether or not concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "040490",
      "product_name": "Dairy produce: natural milk constituents (excluding whey), whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, n.e.c. in chapter 04"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}