{ "pageType": "HS2 sector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Optical and medical instruments (HS2 90) Sector Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for the optical and medical instruments sector at HS2 90, including scale, trend, market structure, corridors, exporters, importers, and HS6 products.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/90", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/90/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/90/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/90/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/90/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "sector": { "hs2": "90", "name": "Optical and medical instruments" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:08" }, "answer": "The optical and medical instruments sector recorded $672.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with +2.3% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 672154836901.7617, "latestAnnualChangePct": 2.282554122664793, "activeExporters": 200, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 142 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": 0.4365075848662858, "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.4585547030919086, "historicalPeakUsd": 672154836901.7617, "historicalPeakYear": 2024, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 86.20689655172414, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1490.9350927032463, "importerConcentrationHhi": 852.3104292020588, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.46409823468655487 }, "annualRows": [ 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}, { "hs_code": "900610", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): of a kind used for preparing printing plates or cylinders" }, { "hs_code": "900620", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): of a kind used for recording documents on microfilm, microfiche or other microforms" }, { "hs_code": "900630", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): specially designed for underwater use, aerial survey, medical or surgical examination of internal organs: comparison cameras for forensic or criminological use" }, { "hs_code": "900640", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): instant print cameras" }, { "hs_code": "900651", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): with a through-the-lens viewfinder, single lens reflex (SLR), for a roll film of a width not exceeding 35mm" }, { "hs_code": "900652", "product_name": "Cameras, photographic (excluding cinematographic): 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accessories" }, { "hs_code": "900911", "product_name": "Photo-copying apparatus: electrostatic, operating by reproducing the original image directly onto the copy (direct process)" }, { "hs_code": "900912", "product_name": "Photo-copying apparatus: electrostatic, operating by reproducing the original image via an intermediate onto the copy (indirect process)" }, { "hs_code": "900921", "product_name": "Photo-copying apparatus: (excluding electrostatic), incorporating an optical system" }, { "hs_code": "900922", "product_name": "Photocopying apparatus: (excluding electrostatic), of the contact type" }, { "hs_code": "900930", "product_name": "Thermo-copying apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "900990", "product_name": "Photo and thermo-copying apparatus: parts and accessories" }, { "hs_code": "900991", "product_name": "Photo and thermo-copying apparatus: parts and accessories: automatic document feeders" }, { "hs_code": "900992", "product_name": "Photo and thermo-copying apparatus: parts and accessories: paper feeders" }, { "hs_code": "900993", "product_name": "Photo and thermo-copying apparatus: parts and accessories: sorters" }, { "hs_code": "900999", "product_name": "Photo and thermo-copying apparatus: other parts and accessories" }, { "hs_code": "901010", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment: for automatically developing photographic (including cinematographic) film or paper in rolls or for automatically exposing developed film to rolls of paper" }, { "hs_code": "901020", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): negatoscopes and other equipment n.e.s. in heading no. 9010" }, { "hs_code": "901030", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): projection screens" }, { "hs_code": "901041", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): for the projection or drawing of circuit patterns on sensitised semiconductor materials, direct write-on-wafer apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "901042", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): for the projection or drawing of circuit patterns on sensitised semiconductor materials, step and repeat aligners" }, { "hs_code": "901049", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): for the projection or drawing of circuit patterns on sensitised semiconductor materials, n.e.s. in item no. 9010.4" }, { "hs_code": "901050", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment: n.e.c. in item no. 9010.10, for photographic (including cinematographic) laboratories: negatoscopes" }, { "hs_code": "901060", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): projection screens" }, { "hs_code": "901090", "product_name": "Photographic laboratory apparatus and equipment (including cinematographic): parts and 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"hs_code": "901510", "product_name": "Rangefinders" }, { "hs_code": "901520", "product_name": "Surveying equipment: theodolites and tacheometers" }, { "hs_code": "901530", "product_name": "Surveying equipment: levels" }, { "hs_code": "901540", "product_name": "Surveying equipment: photogrammetrical surveying instruments and appliances" }, { "hs_code": "901580", "product_name": "Surveying equipment: articles n.e.c. in heading no. 9015, including hydrographic, oceanographic, hydrological, meteorological or geophysical instruments and appliances (excluding compasses)" }, { "hs_code": "901590", "product_name": "Surveying equipment: parts and accessories for articles of heading no. 9015" }, { "hs_code": "901600", "product_name": "Balances: of a sensitivity of 5cg or better, with or without weights" }, { "hs_code": "901710", "product_name": "Drafting tables and machines: whether or not automatic" }, { "hs_code": "901720", "product_name": "Drawing, marking-out or mathematical calculating instruments" }, { "hs_code": "901730", "product_name": "Mathematical equipment: micrometers, callipers and gauges" }, { "hs_code": "901780", "product_name": "Mathematical instruments and equipment: n.e.s. in heading no. 9017" }, { "hs_code": "901790", "product_name": "Drawing, marking-out equipment and mathematical instruments: parts and accessories" }, { "hs_code": "901811", "product_name": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: electro-cardiographs" }, { "hs_code": "901812", "product_name": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: ultrasonic scanning apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "901813", "product_name": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: magnetic resonance imaging apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "901814", "product_name": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: scintigraphic apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "901819", "product_name": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: electro-diagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory 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"Medical, surgical or dental instruments and appliances: n.e.c. in heading no. 9018" }, { "hs_code": "901910", "product_name": "Mechano-therapy appliances: massage apparatus and psychological aptitude-testing apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "901920", "product_name": "Therapeutic respiration apparatus: ozone, oxygen, aerosol therapy apparatus: artificial respiration or other therapeutic respiration apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "902000", "product_name": "Breathing appliances and gas masks: excluding protective masks having neither mechanical parts nor replaceable filters and excluding apparatus of item no. 9019.20" }, { "hs_code": "902110", "product_name": "Orthopaedic or fracture appliances" }, { "hs_code": "902111", "product_name": "Orthopaedic or fracture appliances: artificial joints" }, { "hs_code": "902119", "product_name": "Orthopaedic or fracture appliances: crutches, surgical belts and trusses, splints and other fracture appliances" }, { "hs_code": "902121", "product_name": "Dental fittings: artificial teeth" }, { "hs_code": "902129", "product_name": "Dental fittings: other than artificial teeth" }, { "hs_code": "902130", "product_name": "Artificial parts of the body" }, { "hs_code": "902131", "product_name": "Artificial parts of the body" }, { "hs_code": "902139", "product_name": "Artificial parts of the body: excluding artificial joints" }, { "hs_code": "902140", "product_name": "Hearing aids (excluding parts and accessories)" }, { "hs_code": "902150", "product_name": "Pacemakers: for stimulating heart muscles (excluding parts and accessories)" }, { "hs_code": "902190", "product_name": "Appliances: worn, carried or implanted in the body, to compensate for a defect or disability" }, { "hs_code": "902211", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of x-rays, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses" }, { "hs_code": "902212", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of x-rays: including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, computed tomography apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "902213", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of x-rays: including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, for dental uses, excluding computed tomography apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "902214", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of x-rays: including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, for medical, surgical or veterinary uses, not dental uses, excluding computed tomography apparatus" }, { "hs_code": "902219", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of x-rays, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: for other than medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses" }, { "hs_code": "902221", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of alpha, beta or gamma radiations, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses" }, { "hs_code": "902229", "product_name": "Apparatus based on the use of alpha, beta or gamma radiations, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: (for other than medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses)" }, { "hs_code": "902230", "product_name": "X-ray tubes" }, { "hs_code": "902290", "product_name": "Apparatus based on use of x-rays and similar: parts and accessories (x-ray generators, tubes, high tension generators, control panels and desks, screens, examination or treatment tables, chairs and like" }, { "hs_code": "902300", "product_name": "Instruments, apparatus and models: designed for demonstrational purposes (in education or exhibitions), unsuitable for other uses" }, { "hs_code": "902410", "product_name": "Machines and appliances: for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of metals" }, { "hs_code": "902480", "product_name": "Machines and appliances: for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of materials other than metals" }, { "hs_code": "902490", "product_name": "Machines and appliances: parts and accessories for those testing hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of materials (eg metal, wood, textiles, paper, plastics)" }, { "hs_code": "902511", "product_name": "Thermometers and pyrometers: liquid filled, for direct reading, not combined with other instruments" }, { "hs_code": "902519", "product_name": "Thermometers and pyrometers: (other than liquid filled, for direct reading), not combined with other instruments" }, { "hs_code": "902520", "product_name": "Barometers: not combined with other instruments" }, { "hs_code": "902580", "product_name": "Hydrometers and similar floating instruments, barometers, hygrometers, psychrometers, thermometers, pyrometers: recording or not, any combination of these instruments (excluding thermometers and barometers not combined with other instruments)" }, { "hs_code": "902590", "product_name": "Hydrometers and similar floating instruments, barometers, hygrometers, psychrometers, thermometers, pyrometers: recording or not, any combination of these instruments, parts and accessories" }, { "hs_code": "902610", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking the flow or level of liquids" }, { "hs_code": "902620", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking pressure" }, { "hs_code": "902680", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking variables of liquids or gases (excluding pressure or the flow and level of liquids and those of heading no. 9014, 9015, 9028 and 9032)" }, { "hs_code": "902690", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: parts and accessories for those measuring or checking the flow, level, pressure or other variables of liquids or gases (excluding those of heading no. 9014, 9015, 9028 or 9032)" }, { "hs_code": "902710", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: gas or smoke analysis apparatus, for physical or chemical analysis" }, { "hs_code": "902720", "product_name": "Chromatographs and electrophoresis instruments" }, { "hs_code": "902730", "product_name": "Spectrometers, spectrophotometers and spectrographs: using optical radiations (UV, visible, IR)" }, { "hs_code": "902740", "product_name": "Exposure meters" }, { "hs_code": "902750", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: using optical radiations (UV, visible, IR), (other than spectrometers, spectrophotometers and spectrographs)" }, { "hs_code": "902780", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for physical or chemical analysis, for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or quantities of heat, sound or light, n.e.c. in heading no. 9027" }, { "hs_code": "902781", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for physical or chemical analysis, for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or quantities of heat, sound or light, mass spectrometers" }, { "hs_code": "902789", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for physical or chemical analysis, for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or quantities of heat, sound or light, exposure meters" }, { "hs_code": "902790", "product_name": "Microtomes and parts and accessories thereof" }, { "hs_code": "902810", "product_name": "Meters: gas, supply or production meters, including calibrating meters thereof" }, { "hs_code": "902820", "product_name": "Meters: liquid supply or production meters, including calibrating meters thereof" }, { "hs_code": "902830", "product_name": "Meters: electricity supply or production meters, including calibrating meters thereof" }, { "hs_code": "902890", "product_name": "Meters: parts and accessories of gas, liquid, electricity supply or production meters, including calibrating meters thereof" }, { "hs_code": "902910", "product_name": "Meters and counters: revolution counters, production counters, taximeters, mileometers, pedometers and the like" }, { "hs_code": "902920", "product_name": "Meters: speed indicators and tachometers: stroboscopes" }, { "hs_code": "902990", "product_name": "Meters and counters: parts and accessories for revolution and production counters, taximeters, mileometers, pedometers and the like: speed indicators, tachometers (excluding heading no. 9015), stroboscopes" }, { "hs_code": "903010", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or detecting ionising radiations" }, { "hs_code": "903020", "product_name": "Cathode-ray oscilloscopes and cathode-ray oscillographs" }, { "hs_code": "903031", "product_name": "Multimeters: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, without a recording device" }, { "hs_code": "903032", "product_name": "Multimeters: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device" }, { "hs_code": "903033", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, without a recording device (excluding multimeters)" }, { "hs_code": "903039", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, without a recording device (excluding multimeters)" }, { "hs_code": "903040", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: specially designed for telecommunications (e.g. cross-talk meters, gain measuring instruments, distortion factor meters, psophometers)" }, { "hs_code": "903081", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: with a recording device, specially designed for telecommunications (eg cross-talk meters, gain measuring instruments, distortion factor meters, psophometers)" }, { "hs_code": "903082", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking semiconductor wafers or devices" }, { "hs_code": "903083", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or detecting alpha, beta, gamma, x-ray, cosmic or other ionising radiations, with a recording device" }, { "hs_code": "903084", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: n.e.c. in heading no. 9030, with a recording device" }, { "hs_code": "903089", "product_name": "Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or detecting alpha, beta, gamma, x-ray, cosmic or other ionising radiations, without a recording device" }, { "hs_code": "903090", "product_name": "Instruments, apparatus for measuring, checking electrical quantities, not meters of heading no. 9028: parts and accessories, for measuring or detecting alpha, beta, gamma, x-ray, cosmic and other radiations" }, { "hs_code": "903110", "product_name": "Machines: for balancing mechanical parts" }, { "hs_code": "903120", "product_name": "Test benches" }, { "hs_code": "903130", "product_name": "Profile projectors" }, { "hs_code": "903140", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for measuring or checking, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903141", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for inspecting semiconductor wafers or devices or for inspecting photomasks or reticles used in manufacturing semiconductor devices, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903149", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for measuring or checking, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903180", "product_name": "Instruments, appliances and machines: for measuring or checking n.e.c. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903190", "product_name": "Instruments, appliances and machines: parts and accessories for those measuring or checking devices of heading no. 9031" }, { "hs_code": "903210", "product_name": "Regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus: automatic type, thermostats" }, { "hs_code": "903220", "product_name": "Regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus: automatic, manostats" }, { "hs_code": "903281", "product_name": "Regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus: automatic, hydraulic or pneumatic" }, { "hs_code": "903289", "product_name": "Regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus: automatic, other than hydraulic or pneumatic" }, { "hs_code": "903290", "product_name": "Regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus: automatic, parts and accessories" }, { "hs_code": "903300", "product_name": "Machines and appliances: instruments or apparatus of chapter 90: parts and accessories n.e.c. in chapter 90" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS2.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }