{ "pageType": "HS2 sector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Lead (HS2 78) Sector Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for the lead sector at HS2 78, including scale, trend, market structure, corridors, exporters, importers, and HS6 products.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/78", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/78/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/78/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/78/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/78/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "sector": { "hs2": "78", "name": "Lead" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:08" }, "answer": "The lead sector recorded $9.4B in reported global trade in 2024, with -2.7% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 9425713918.665266, "latestAnnualChangePct": -2.684205359958206, "activeExporters": 178, "activeImporters": 193, "activeHs6Products": 8 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.7135299588526332, "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.094702731355326, "historicalPeakUsd": 9425713918.665266, "historicalPeakYear": 2024, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 65.51724137931035, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1117.6162421439933, "importerConcentrationHhi": 834.8979994463535, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5343096930295513 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs2": 78, "global_trade_usd": 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"import_partner_count": 52, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Malaysia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CAN", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 366821834.72973776, "imports_usd": 22963377.295339238, "trade_balance_usd": 343858457.43439853, "export_partner_count": 50, "import_partner_count": 36, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Canada" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BEL", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 366789297.06425893, "imports_usd": 176709542.49413177, "trade_balance_usd": 190079754.57012716, "export_partner_count": 77, "import_partner_count": 54, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Belgium" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 283257162.584142, "imports_usd": 921784912.2295768, "trade_balance_usd": -638527749.6454349, "export_partner_count": 129, "import_partner_count": 73, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BGR", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 280209980.77783054, "imports_usd": 107243045.58922355, "trade_balance_usd": 172966935.18860698, "export_partner_count": 24, "import_partner_count": 40, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Bulgaria" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "IND", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 874625822.9759936, "imports_usd": 1129064736.8181775, "trade_balance_usd": -254438913.84218383, "export_partner_count": 91, "import_partner_count": 116, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "India" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 283257162.584142, "imports_usd": 921784912.2295768, "trade_balance_usd": -638527749.6454349, "export_partner_count": 129, "import_partner_count": 73, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 528799576.32954717, "imports_usd": 603235252.7627696, "trade_balance_usd": -74435676.43322241, "export_partner_count": 126, "import_partner_count": 66, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "VNM", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 40550715.82231854, "imports_usd": 544418099.7853793, "trade_balance_usd": -503867383.96306074, "export_partner_count": 26, "import_partner_count": 40, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Viet Nam" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SGP", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 81301990.92830159, "imports_usd": 506629216.5364323, "trade_balance_usd": -425327225.60813075, "export_partner_count": 42, "import_partner_count": 43, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Singapore" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CHN", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 233441291.2539838, "imports_usd": 444399288.36081374, "trade_balance_usd": -210957997.10682994, "export_partner_count": 174, "import_partner_count": 66, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 761035884.007556, "imports_usd": 427347692.2295414, "trade_balance_usd": 333688191.77801454, "export_partner_count": 60, "import_partner_count": 57, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 591391032.3350699, "imports_usd": 416843452.41819537, "trade_balance_usd": 174547579.91687453, "export_partner_count": 107, "import_partner_count": 47, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CZE", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 151597044.0239504, "imports_usd": 379517642.153194, "trade_balance_usd": -227920598.1292436, "export_partner_count": 47, "import_partner_count": 43, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Czechia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs2": 78, "exports_usd": 104054813.28949066, "imports_usd": 291246394.7609081, "trade_balance_usd": -187191581.4714175, "export_partner_count": 98, "import_partner_count": 57, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Italy" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "780110", "product_name": "Lead: unwrought, refined" }, { "hs_code": "780191", "product_name": "Lead: unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element" }, { "hs_code": "780199", "product_name": "Lead: unwrought, unrefined, not containing by weight antimony as the principal other element" }, { "hs_code": "780200", "product_name": "Lead: waste and scrap" }, { "hs_code": "780300", "product_name": "Lead: bars, rods, profiles and wire" }, { "hs_code": "780411", "product_name": "Lead: sheets, strip and foil, of a thickness (excluding any backing) not exceeding 0.2mm" }, { "hs_code": "780419", "product_name": "Lead: plates, sheets, strip and foil, of a thickness (excluding any backing) exceeding 0.2mm" }, { "hs_code": "780420", "product_name": "Lead: powders and flakes" }, { "hs_code": "780500", "product_name": "Lead: tubes, pipes and tube or pipe fittings (eg couplings, elbows, and sleeves)" }, { "hs_code": "780600", "product_name": "Lead: articles n.e.c. in chapter 78" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS2.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }