# Iron and steel (HS2 72) Sector Trade Overview | Yugalinks

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Iron and steel at HS2 72, with reported global trade through 2024.

Canonical: https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/72

## Answer

The iron and steel sector recorded $454.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -7.1% annual change.

## Key figures

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Latest reported trade | $454.5B |
| Latest annual change | -7.1% |
| Active exporters | 197 |
| Active importers | 200 |
| Active HS6 products | 167 |

## Annual trend

| Year | Global trade | Corridors | HS6 products |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 1995 | $126.1B | 6,506 | 167 |
| 1996 | $113.3B | 6,608 | 167 |
| 1997 | $114.3B | 6,718 | 167 |
| 1998 | $109.1B | 6,952 | 167 |
| 1999 | $109.4B | 7,513 | 167 |
| 2000 | $130.1B | 8,126 | 167 |
| 2001 | $117.1B | 8,182 | 167 |
| 2002 | $128.4B | 8,362 | 167 |
| 2003 | $168.4B | 8,603 | 167 |
| 2004 | $258.3B | 9,087 | 167 |
| 2005 | $289.7B | 9,432 | 167 |
| 2006 | $335.7B | 9,630 | 167 |
| 2007 | $435.6B | 9,725 | 167 |
| 2008 | $536.4B | 9,997 | 167 |
| 2009 | $282.4B | 9,964 | 167 |
| 2010 | $387.2B | 9,962 | 167 |
| 2011 | $478.5B | 10,144 | 167 |
| 2012 | $432.5B | 10,297 | 167 |
| 2013 | $398.5B | 10,148 | 167 |
| 2014 | $419.4B | 10,309 | 167 |
| 2015 | $337.1B | 10,092 | 167 |
| 2016 | $308.1B | 10,052 | 167 |
| 2017 | $377.0B | 10,205 | 167 |
| 2018 | $431.2B | 10,397 | 167 |
| 2019 | $379.6B | 10,223 | 167 |
| 2020 | $332.3B | 9,985 | 167 |
| 2021 | $550.4B | 10,109 | 167 |
| 2022 | $573.7B | 10,302 | 167 |
| 2023 | $483.6B | 10,168 | 167 |
| 2024 | $454.5B | 10,072 | 167 |

## Growth and market structure

- Trend: Declining
- Three-year CAGR: -6.2%
- Five-year CAGR: +3.7%
- Historical peak: $573.7B in 2,022
- Positive-growth years: 62.1%
- Exporter concentration HHI: 1,406.5
- Importer concentration HHI: 778.9
- Trade volatility coefficient: 0.5

## Leading corridors

| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Trade value | Growth | HS6 products | Distance | FTA |
| ---: | --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 1 | Indonesia | China | $15.6B | +7.7% | 76 | 4,425 km | Yes |
| 2 | Canada | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | $7.6B | -5.8% | 157 | 556 km | Yes |
| 3 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Mexico | $7.4B | +4.9% | 165 | 3,359 km | Yes |
| 4 | China | Viet Nam | $6.5B | +11.9% | 157 | 2,732 km | Yes |
| 5 | China | Republic of Korea | $5.7B | -5.6% | 162 | 867 km | Yes |
| 6 | Brazil | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | $5.5B | +0.7% | 119 | 7,658 km | No |
| 7 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | Canada | $4.4B | -0.7% | 166 | 556 km | Yes |
| 8 | Japan | Republic of Korea | $4.1B | -12.9% | 153 | 1,155 km | No |
| 9 | China | Indonesia | $3.7B | +10.5% | 162 | 4,425 km | Yes |
| 10 | Japan | Thailand | $3.7B | -10.3% | 148 | 4,604 km | Yes |

## Leading exporters

| Rank | Country | Exports | Partners | HS6 products |
| ---: | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 1 | China | $70.1B | 199 | 167 |
| 2 | Germany | $31.0B | 172 | 167 |
| 3 | Japan | $28.5B | 145 | 167 |
| 4 | Indonesia | $25.6B | 124 | 167 |
| 5 | Republic of Korea | $24.6B | 161 | 167 |
| 6 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | $19.6B | 170 | 167 |
| 7 | France | $15.0B | 164 | 167 |
| 8 | Italy | $14.8B | 166 | 167 |
| 9 | Belgium | $14.6B | 163 | 167 |
| 10 | Russia | $14.4B | 84 | 167 |

## Leading importers

| Rank | Country | Imports | Partners | HS6 products |
| ---: | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 1 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands | $32.8B | 119 | 167 |
| 2 | China | $30.2B | 125 | 167 |
| 3 | Germany | $25.8B | 124 | 167 |
| 4 | Italy | $22.0B | 97 | 167 |
| 5 | Turkey | $21.3B | 101 | 167 |
| 6 | Mexico | $19.3B | 68 | 167 |
| 7 | India | $15.8B | 155 | 167 |
| 8 | Viet Nam | $14.4B | 70 | 167 |
| 9 | Republic of Korea | $13.8B | 105 | 167 |
| 10 | France | $12.3B | 117 | 167 |

## HS6 products

- Iron: non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms (HS6 720110)
- Iron: non-alloy pig iron containing by weight more than 0.5% of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms (HS6 720120)
- Iron: alloy pig iron, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms (HS6 720130)
- Iron: spiegeleisen, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms (HS6 720140)
- Iron: alloy pig iron, spiegeleisen, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms (HS6 720150)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-manganese, containing by weight more than 2% of carbon (HS6 720211)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-manganese, containing by weight 2% or less of carbon (HS6 720219)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-silicon, containing by weight more than 55% of silicon (HS6 720221)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-silicon, containing by weight 55% or less of silicon (HS6 720229)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-silico-manganese (HS6 720230)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-chromium, containing by weight more than 4% of carbon (HS6 720241)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon (HS6 720249)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-silico-chromium (HS6 720250)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-nickel (HS6 720260)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-molybdenum (HS6 720270)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-tungsten and ferro-silico-tungsten (HS6 720280)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium (HS6 720291)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-vanadium (HS6 720292)
- Ferro-alloys: ferro-niobium (HS6 720293)
- Ferro-alloys: n.e.c. in heading no. 7202 (HS6 720299)
- Ferrous products: obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms (HS6 720310)
- Ferrous products: spongy ferrous products and iron having a minimum purity by weight of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms (HS6 720390)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: of cast iron (HS6 720410)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: of stainless steel (HS6 720421)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: of alloy steel (excluding stainless) (HS6 720429)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: of tinned iron or steel (HS6 720430)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, fillings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles (HS6 720441)
- Ferrous waste and scrap: n.e.s. in heading no. 7204 (HS6 720449)
- Ferrous products: remelting scrap ingots (HS6 720450)
- Iron or steel, pig iron, spiegeleisen: granules thereof (HS6 720510)
- Alloy steel powders (HS6 720521)
- Iron or steel, pig iron, spiegeleisen: powders (excluding alloy steel) (HS6 720529)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: ingots (excluding iron of heading no. 7203) (HS6 720610)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: primary forms (excluding ingots and iron of heading no. 7203) (HS6 720690)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel: containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness (HS6 720711)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel: containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section (HS6 720712)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, other than rectangular or square cross-section (HS6 720719)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel, containing by weight 0.25% or more of carbon (HS6 720720)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, with patterns in relief (HS6 720810)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa, thickness exceeding 10mm (HS6 720811)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, minimum yield point of 355MPa, thickness 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm (HS6 720812)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720813)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, thickness less than 3mm and having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720814)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 10mm, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720821)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720822)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm, other than minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720823)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, less than 3mm thick, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720824)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more (HS6 720825)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 720826)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm (HS6 720827)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width not over 1250mm hot-rolled, thickness not less than 4mm, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa, without patterns in relief (HS6 720831)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness exceeding 10mm, and a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720832)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720833)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720834)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness less than 3mm, having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720835)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 10mm (HS6 720836)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm (HS6 720837)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 720838)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of less than 3mm (HS6 720839)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, with patterns in relief (HS6 720840)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, width not exceeding 1250mm and not less than 4mm thick, without patterns in relief, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720841)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness exceeding 10mm, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720842)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720843)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720844)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, hot-rolled, thickness less than 3mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720845)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness exceeding 10mm (HS6 720851)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm (HS6 720852)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 720853)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of less than 3mm (HS6 720854)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, n.e.c. in heading no. 7208 (HS6 720890)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of 3mm or more and having a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720911)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm and having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720912)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm and having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720913)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness less than 0.5mm and having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720914)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more (HS6 720915)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm (HS6 720916)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm (HS6 720917)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of less than 0.5mm (HS6 720918)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness 3mm or more, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720921)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720922)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720923)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled of a thickness of less than 0.5mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720924)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more (HS6 720925)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm (HS6 720926)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm (HS6 720927)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of less than 0.5mm (HS6 720928)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled of a thickness of 3mm or more, having a minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720931)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm, having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720932)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm, having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720933)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of less than 0.5mm, having a minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720934)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of 3mm or more, excluding minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 720941)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720942)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720943)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: not in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, thickness less than 0.5mm, excluding minimum yield point of 275MPa (HS6 720944)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, n.e.s. in heading no. 7209 (HS6 720990)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with tin, thickness of 0.5mm or more (HS6 721011)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with tin, thickness of less than 0.5mm (HS6 721012)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with lead, including terne-plate (HS6 721020)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721030)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, less than 3mm thick with minimum yield point 275MPa or 3mm or more thick with minimum yield point of 355MPa, electrolytically coated with zinc (HS6 721031)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in item no. 7210.31, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721039)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, corrugated, plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically) (HS6 721041)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically) (HS6 721049)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with chromium oxides or with chromium and chromium oxides (HS6 721050)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with aluminium (HS6 721060)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with aluminium zinc-alloys (HS6 721061)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with aluminium, other than plated or coated with aluminium zinc-alloys (HS6 721069)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, painted, varnished or coated with plastics (HS6 721070)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, plated or coated with materials n.e.c. in heading no. 7210 (HS6 721090)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, width exceeding 150mm, 4mm or more thick, minimum yield point of 355MPa, not in coils and without patterns in relief (HS6 721111)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, 4.75mm or more thick, minimum yield point of 355MPa, width less than 600mm (HS6 721112)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, rolled on four faces or in a closed box pass, of a width more than 150mm but less than 600mm, 4mm thick or more, not in coils, without patterns in relief (HS6 721113)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, 4.75mm thick or more, excluding those of item no. 7211.13 (HS6 721114)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, less than 4.75mm thick, excluding those of item no. 7211.13 (HS6 721119)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, 4mm or more thick, width over 150mm but less than 600mm, not in coils and without patterns in relief (HS6 721121)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, hot-rolled, 4.75mm or more thick, width less than 600mm (HS6 721122)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon (HS6 721123)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight 0.25% or more of carbon (HS6 721129)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, cold-rolled, width less than 600mm, less than 3mm thick with minimum yield point of 275MPa or 3mm or more thick with minimum yield point of 355MPa (HS6 721130)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, cold-rolled, width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon (HS6 721141)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, cold-rolled, containing by weight 0.25% or more of carbon, width less than 600mm (HS6 721149)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, n.e.c. in heading no. 7211, width less than 600mm (HS6 721190)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, plated or coated with tin (HS6 721210)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721220)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, less than 3mm thick with minimum yield point 275MPa or 3mm or more thick with minimum yield point 355MPa, electrolytically coated with zinc (HS6 721221)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721229)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically) (HS6 721230)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, painted, varnished or coated with plastics (HS6 721240)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, plated or coated, (excluding tin, zinc or plastic) (HS6 721250)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, clad (HS6 721260)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process (HS6 721310)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of free-cutting steel (HS6 721320)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter (HS6 721331)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, not of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter (HS6 721339)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, of circular cross-section less than 14mm in diameter (HS6 721341)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, other than circular cross-section less than 14mm in diameter (HS6 721349)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon (HS6 721350)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter (HS6 721391)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.c. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring 14mm or more in diameter (HS6 721399)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling (HS6 721410)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process or twisted after rolling (HS6 721420)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, including those twisted after rolling, of free-cutting steel (HS6 721430)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, including those twisted after rolling (HS6 721440)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, including those twisted after rolling (HS6 721450)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon, including those twisted after rolling (HS6 721460)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section (HS6 721491)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than of rectangular cross-section (HS6 721499)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, of free-cutting steel, cold-formed or cold-finished, n.e.s. in chapter 72 (HS6 721510)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon (HS6 721520)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon (HS6 721530)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon (HS6 721540)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting) (HS6 721550)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, n.e.c. in heading no. 7215 (HS6 721590)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: U, I or H sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of less than 80mm (HS6 721610)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: L sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of less than 80mm (HS6 721621)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: T sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height less than 80mm (HS6 721622)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: U sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more (HS6 721631)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: I sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more (HS6 721632)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: H sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more (HS6 721633)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: L or T sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more (HS6 721640)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.c. in heading no. 7216, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded (HS6 721650)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no.7216, cold-formed or cold-finished (HS6 721660)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or cold-finished, obtained from flat-rolled products (HS6 721661)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not obtained from flat-rolled products) (HS6 721669)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections n.e.s. in heading no. 7216 (HS6 721690)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no. 7216, cold-formed or cold-finished, from flat-rolled products (HS6 721691)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, n.e.s. in heading no. 7216 (HS6 721699)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, (not plated or coated), whether or not polished (HS6 721710)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, not plated or coated, whether or not polished (HS6 721711)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721712)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, plated or coated with base metals, excluding zinc (HS6 721713)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, plated or coated with materials n.e.s. in item no. 7217.1 (HS6 721719)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721720)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, not plated or coated, whether or not polished (HS6 721721)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721722)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, plated or coated with base metals, excluding zinc (HS6 721723)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.25% or more but less than 0.6% of carbon, plated or coated with materials n.e.s. in item no. 7217.2 (HS6 721729)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, plated or coated with base metals (other than zinc) (HS6 721730)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon, not plated or coated, whether or not polished (HS6 721731)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon, plated or coated with zinc (HS6 721732)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon, plated or coated with base metals, excluding zinc (HS6 721733)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, containing by weight 0.6% or more of carbon, plated or coated with materials n.e.s. in item no. 7217.3 (HS6 721739)
- Iron or non-alloy steel: wire, n.e.c. in heading no. 7217 (HS6 721790)
- Steel, stainless: ingots and other primary forms (HS6 721810)
- Steel, stainless: semi-finished products (HS6 721890)
- Steel, stainless: semi-finished products, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section (HS6 721891)
- Steel, stainless: semi-finished products, other than of rectangular cross-section (HS6 721899)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, in coils, of a thickness exceeding 10mm (HS6 721911)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, in coils, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm (HS6 721912)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, in coils, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 721913)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, in coils, of a thickness of less than 3mm (HS6 721914)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, (not in coils), of a thickness exceeding 10mm (HS6 721921)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, (not in coils), of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm (HS6 721922)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, (not in coils), of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 721923)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, (not in coils), of a thickness of less than 3mm (HS6 721924)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled or cold-reduced, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more (HS6 721931)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm (HS6 721932)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm (HS6 721933)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm (HS6 721934)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of less than 0.5mm (HS6 721935)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in heading no. 7219 (HS6 721990)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, hot-rolled, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more (HS6 722011)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, hot-rolled, of a thickness of less than 4.75mm (HS6 722012)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, cold-rolled (HS6 722020)
- Steel, stainless: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.c. in heading no 7220 (HS6 722090)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils (HS6 722100)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded (HS6 722210)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of circular cross-section (HS6 722211)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, other than of circular cross-section (HS6 722219)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished (HS6 722220)
- Steel, stainless: bars and rods, n.e.s. in heading no. 7222 (HS6 722230)
- Steel, stainless: angles, shapes and sections (HS6 722240)
- Steel, stainless: wire (HS6 722300)
- Steel, alloy: ingots and other primary forms (HS6 722410)
- Steel, alloy: semi-finished products (HS6 722490)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel (HS6 722510)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented (HS6 722511)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, (other than grain-oriented) (HS6 722519)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of high speed steel (HS6 722520)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, in coils (HS6 722530)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not in coils (HS6 722540)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled (HS6 722550)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in heading no. 7225 (HS6 722590)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in heading no. 7225, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 722591)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in heading no. 7225, plated or coated with zinc (other than electrolytically) (HS6 722592)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, n.e.s. in heading no. 7225, (other than plated or coated with zinc) (HS6 722599)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel (HS6 722610)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented (HS6 722611)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented (HS6 722619)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of high speed steel (HS6 722620)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.s. in heading no. 7226, hot-rolled (HS6 722691)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.s. in heading no. 7226, cold-rolled (HS6 722692)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.s. in heading no. 7226, electrolytically plated or coated with zinc (HS6 722693)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.s. in heading no. 7226, plated or coated with zinc (other than electrolytically) (HS6 722694)
- Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, n.e.c. in item no. 7226.9 (HS6 722699)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of high speed steel (HS6 722710)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of silico-manganese steel (HS6 722720)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7227 (HS6 722790)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, of high speed steel (HS6 722810)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, of silico-manganese steel (HS6 722820)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded (HS6 722830)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, forged (HS6 722840)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished (HS6 722850)
- Steel, alloy: bars and rods n.e.s. in heading no. 7228 (HS6 722860)
- Steel, alloy: angles, shapes and sections (HS6 722870)
- Steel, alloy or non-alloy: hollow drill bars and rods (HS6 722880)
- Steel, alloy: wire, of high speed steel (HS6 722910)
- Steel, alloy: wire, of silico-manganese steel (HS6 722920)
- Steel, alloy: wire, of materials other than silico-manganese steel (HS6 722990)

## Definitions and coverage

Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS2. Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations. Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed.

Reported observations cover 1995-2024. The data release was refreshed 2026-07-20 09:34:08.

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## Data sources

- Primary trade series: OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). [OECD Data Explorer](https://data-explorer.oecd.org/) · [OECD Terms & Conditions](https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/)
- CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601): [dataset page](https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37) · [BACI documentation](https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html) · [Etalab 2.0 Open Licence](https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf)

This page presents derived Yugalinks views of reported observations and calculated indicators.