{ "pageType": "HS2 sector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Rubber (HS2 40) Sector Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for the rubber sector at HS2 40, including scale, trend, market structure, corridors, exporters, importers, and HS6 products.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/40", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/40/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/40/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/40/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/40/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "sector": { "hs2": "40", "name": "Rubber" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:08" }, "answer": "The rubber sector recorded $222.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with +0.5% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 222482101426.44464, "latestAnnualChangePct": 0.531731695473438, "activeExporters": 200, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 80 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Stable", "tradeCagr3yPct": -0.6949586864315682, "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.7624871788752623, "historicalPeakUsd": 227185803085.3258, "historicalPeakYear": 2021, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1492.0366216821972, "importerConcentrationHhi": 798.4213011504811, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4561720132377423 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs2": 40, "global_trade_usd": 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10938263661.05591, "imports_usd": 4624755492.757182, "trade_balance_usd": 6313508168.298728, "export_partner_count": 192, "import_partner_count": 98, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Japan" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 8074543248.323242, "imports_usd": 2968172844.8762627, "trade_balance_usd": 5106370403.4469795, "export_partner_count": 185, "import_partner_count": 118, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "VNM", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 7195479200.327435, "imports_usd": 4112645555.7453885, "trade_balance_usd": 3082833644.582046, "export_partner_count": 150, "import_partner_count": 83, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Viet Nam" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "FRA", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6754631668.111525, "imports_usd": 8518543173.048135, "trade_balance_usd": -1763911504.9366102, "export_partner_count": 189, "import_partner_count": 171, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "France" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "MYS", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6674357669.209786, "imports_usd": 3730468090.513067, "trade_balance_usd": 2943889578.6967196, "export_partner_count": 184, "import_partner_count": 116, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Malaysia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6454009799.241091, "imports_usd": 6041924057.427535, "trade_balance_usd": 412085741.8135557, "export_partner_count": 185, "import_partner_count": 117, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Italy" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 13965433637.975569, "imports_usd": 34122450508.376286, "trade_balance_usd": -20157016870.40072, "export_partner_count": 190, "import_partner_count": 163, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 16289092544.383966, "imports_usd": 16604597314.44715, "trade_balance_usd": -315504770.06318283, "export_partner_count": 192, "import_partner_count": 142, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CHN", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 35672618480.31957, "imports_usd": 16600466389.53647, "trade_balance_usd": 19072152090.783104, "export_partner_count": 200, "import_partner_count": 145, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "MEX", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 5290074621.093533, "imports_usd": 8525365172.107101, "trade_balance_usd": -3235290551.013569, "export_partner_count": 147, "import_partner_count": 100, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Mexico" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "FRA", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6754631668.111525, "imports_usd": 8518543173.048135, "trade_balance_usd": -1763911504.9366102, "export_partner_count": 189, "import_partner_count": 171, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "France" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CAN", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 3700054314.391319, "imports_usd": 6903881134.990906, "trade_balance_usd": -3203826820.599587, "export_partner_count": 181, "import_partner_count": 165, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Canada" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6454009799.241091, "imports_usd": 6041924057.427535, "trade_balance_usd": 412085741.8135557, "export_partner_count": 185, "import_partner_count": 117, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 2571922318.903027, "imports_usd": 5708176502.339129, "trade_balance_usd": -3136254183.4361024, "export_partner_count": 191, "import_partner_count": 137, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 6396505242.08189, "imports_usd": 5280447465.121587, "trade_balance_usd": 1116057776.9603033, "export_partner_count": 180, "import_partner_count": 141, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs2": 40, "exports_usd": 3848967619.3087234, "imports_usd": 5182592746.635394, "trade_balance_usd": -1333625127.3266706, "export_partner_count": 192, "import_partner_count": 136, "active_hs6_count": 80, "country_name": "Netherlands" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "400110", "product_name": "Rubber: natural rubber latex, whether or not pre-vulcanised, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400121", "product_name": "Rubber: natural (excluding latex), in smoked sheets" }, { "hs_code": "400122", "product_name": "Rubber: technically specified natural rubber (TSNR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip (excluding latex and smoked sheets)" }, { "hs_code": "400129", "product_name": "Rubber: natural (excluding latex, technically specified natural rubber and smoked sheets), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400130", "product_name": "Balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle and similar natural gums: in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400211", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR) latex, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400219", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR), (other than latex), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400220", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, butadiene rubber (BR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400231", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400239", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400241", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, chloroprene (chlorobutadiene) rubber (CR), latex, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400249", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, chloroprene (chlorobutadiene) rubber (CR), (other than latex), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400251", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), latex, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400259", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), (other than latex), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400260", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400270", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, ethylene-propylene-non-conjugated diene rubber (EPDM), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400280", "product_name": "Rubber: mixtures of natural and synthetic rubbers of heading no. 4001 and 4002, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400291", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, n.e.c. in heading 4002, latex, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400299", "product_name": "Rubber: synthetic, n.e.c. in heading 4002, (other than latex), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400300", "product_name": "Rubber: reclaimed rubber, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400400", "product_name": "Rubber: waste, parings and scrap of rubber (other than hard rubber) and powders and granules obtained therefrom" }, { "hs_code": "400510", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, compounded with carbon black or silica, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400520", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, compounded, solutions and dispersions other than those of item no. 4005.10" }, { "hs_code": "400591", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, (compounded other than with carbon black or silica), in plates, sheets and strip" }, { "hs_code": "400599", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, (compounded other than with carbon black or silica), in primary forms, (other than plates, sheets, strip, solutions or dispersions)" }, { "hs_code": "400610", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, \"\"camel-back\"\" strips for retreading rubber tyres" }, { "hs_code": "400690", "product_name": "Rubber: unvulcanised, other than camel back strips for retreading rubber tyres" }, { "hs_code": "400700", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, thread and cord" }, { "hs_code": "400811", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), in plates, sheets and strip of cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "400819", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), cellular rubber, (other than in plates, sheets or strip)" }, { "hs_code": "400821", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), in plates, sheets and strip, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "400829", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), non-cellular rubber, in forms other than plates, sheets or strip" }, { "hs_code": "400910", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubes, pipes and hoses, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400911", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400912", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400920", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubes, pipes and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400921", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400922", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, with fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400930", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubes, pipes and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400931", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400932", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, with fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400940", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubes, pipes and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textile materials, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400941", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, without fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400942", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, with fittings" }, { "hs_code": "400950", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubes, pipes and hoses, with fittings" }, { "hs_code": "401010", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor or transmission belts or belting of trapezoidal cross-section (v-belts and v-belting)" }, { "hs_code": "401011", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor belts or belting, reinforced only with metal" }, { "hs_code": "401012", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor belts or belting, reinforced only with textile materials" }, { "hs_code": "401013", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor belts or belting, reinforced only with plastics" }, { "hs_code": "401019", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor belts or belting, (reinforced with other than metal only or textile materials only)" }, { "hs_code": "401021", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, transmission belts or belting, endless, of trapezoidal cross-section (v-belts), whether or not grooved, of a circumference exceeding 60cm but not exceeding 180cm" }, { "hs_code": "401022", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, transmission belts or belting, endless, of trapezoidal cross-section (v-belts), whether or not grooved, of a circumference exceeding 180cm but not exceeding 240cm" }, { "hs_code": "401023", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, transmission belts or belting, endless synchronous belts (of a circumference exceeding 60cm but not exceeding 150cm)" }, { "hs_code": "401024", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, transmission belts or belting, endless synchronous belts (of a circumference exceeding 150cm but not exceeding 198cm)" }, { "hs_code": "401029", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, transmission belts or belting, n.e.s. in heading no. 4010" }, { "hs_code": "401031", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless transmission belts of trapezoidal cross-section (V-belts), V-ribbed, of an outside circumference exceeding 60cm but not exceeding 180 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401032", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless transmission belts of trapezoidal cross-section (V-belts), other than V-ribbed, of an outside circumference exceeding 60cm but not exceeding 180 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401033", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless transmission belts of trapezoidal cross-section (V-belts), V-ribbed, of an outside circumference exceeding 180cm but not exceeding 240 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401034", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless transmission belts of trapezoidal cross-section (V-belts), other than V-ribbed, of an outside circumference exceeding 180cm but not exceeding 240 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401035", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless synchronous belts, of an outside circumference exceeding 60 cm but not exceeding 150 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401036", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, endless synchronous belts, of an outside circumference exceeding 150 cm but not exceeding 198 cm" }, { "hs_code": "401039", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor or transmission belts or belting, n.e.c. in heading no. 4010" }, { "hs_code": "401091", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor or transmission belts or belting, of a width exceeding 20cm" }, { "hs_code": "401099", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised, conveyor or transmission belts or belting, of a width 20cm or less" }, { "hs_code": "401110", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)" }, { "hs_code": "401120", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on buses or lorries" }, { "hs_code": "401130", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on aircraft" }, { "hs_code": "401140", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motorcycles" }, { "hs_code": "401150", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on bicycles" }, { "hs_code": "401161", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on agricultural or forestry vehicles and machines" }, { "hs_code": "401162", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on construction or industrial handling vehicles and machines and having a rim size not exceeding 61cm" }, { "hs_code": "401163", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on construction or industrial handling vehicles and machines and having a rim size exceeding 61cm" }, { "hs_code": "401169", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on light industrial vehicles" }, { "hs_code": "401170", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on agricultural or forestry vehicles and machines" }, { "hs_code": "401180", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on construction, mining or industrial handling vehicles and machines" }, { "hs_code": "401190", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on light commercial vehicles" }, { "hs_code": "401191", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, having a \"\"herring bone\"\" or similar tread" }, { "hs_code": "401192", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having other than a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on agricultural or forestry vehicles and machines" }, { "hs_code": "401193", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having other than a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on construction or industrial handling vehicles and machines and having a rim size not exceeding 61cm" }, { "hs_code": "401194", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres having other than a herring-bone or similar tread, of a kind used on construction or industrial handling vehicles and machines and having a rim size exceeding 61cm" }, { "hs_code": "401199", "product_name": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, (other than \"herring bone\" or similar tread)" }, { "hs_code": "401210", "product_name": "Rubber: retreaded tyres" }, { "hs_code": "401211", "product_name": "Retreaded tyres : of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)" }, { "hs_code": "401212", "product_name": "Retreaded tyres: of a kind used on motor buses or lorries" }, { "hs_code": "401213", "product_name": "Retreaded tyres: of a kind used on aircraft" }, { "hs_code": "401219", "product_name": "Retreaded tyres: other than of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars), buses and lorries and aircraft" }, { "hs_code": "401220", "product_name": "Rubber: used pneumatic tyres" }, { "hs_code": "401290", "product_name": "Rubber: tyres n.e.c. in heading no. 4012" }, { "hs_code": "401310", "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, of a kind used on motorcars (including station wagons and racing cars), buses and lorries" }, { "hs_code": "401320", "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, of a kind used on bicycles" }, { "hs_code": "401390", "product_name": "Rubber: inner tubes, n.e.s. in heading no. 4013" }, { "hs_code": "401410", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), sheath contraceptives" }, { "hs_code": "401490", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), hygienic or pharmaceutical articles (excluding sheath contraceptives), with or without fittings of hard rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401511", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), surgical gloves" }, { "hs_code": "401512", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), gloves, of a kind used for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary purposes" }, { "hs_code": "401519", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), gloves other than surgical gloves" }, { "hs_code": "401590", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), articles of apparel and clothing accessories (other than gloves)" }, { "hs_code": "401610", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), moulded rubber mats and mats of non-rectangular shape made by cutting from the piece, of cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401691", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), floor coverings and mats, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401692", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), erasers, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401693", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), gaskets, washers and other seals, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401694", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), boat or dock fenders, whether or not inflatable, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401695", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), inflatable articles (other than boat or dock fenders), of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401699", "product_name": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), articles n.e.s. in heading no. 4016, of non-cellular rubber" }, { "hs_code": "401700", "product_name": "Rubber: ebonite and other hard rubbers in all forms, including waste and scrap, and articles of hard rubber" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS2.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }