# HS 740311 Refined global trade data overview | Yugalinks

Reported global trade in refined, unwrought, cathodes and sections of cathodes reached $90.1B in 2024, with five-year annual growth of +10.4%.

## Annual trade evidence

| Year | Global trade | Year-on-year growth | 3-year growth |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | $66.0B | -5.1% | +2.3% |
| 2014 | $63.0B | -4.5% | -4.2% |
| 2015 | $51.7B | -17.9% | -9.4% |
| 2016 | $47.4B | -8.3% | -10.4% |
| 2017 | $55.8B | +17.6% | -4% |
| 2018 | $61.4B | +10.1% | +5.9% |
| 2019 | $54.9B | -10.6% | +5% |
| 2020 | $61.0B | +11.1% | +3.1% |
| 2021 | $86.4B | +41.5% | +12% |
| 2022 | $81.9B | -5.1% | +14.3% |
| 2023 | $81.8B | -0.2% | +10.2% |
| 2024 | $90.1B | +10.2% | +1.4% |

## Leading buyer markets

| Buyer market | Latest imports | 5-year growth | Suppliers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| China | $30.3B | +9.3% | 47 |
| USA | $8.3B | +15.9% | 25 |
| Taiwan | $4.7B | +12.4% | 18 |
| Italy | $4.5B | +10.1% | 27 |
| Germany | $3.7B | +2.2% | 42 |
| United Arab Emirates | $3.4B | +9.8% | 20 |
| Turkey | $3.0B | +12% | 22 |
| Thailand | $2.8B | +4.4% | 28 |
| Brazil | $2.6B | +19.4% | 11 |
| Republic of Korea | $2.5B | +7.5% | 18 |
| India | $2.3B | +22.4% | 18 |
| Viet Nam | $2.2B | +7.9% | 22 |

_Source: reported merchandise trade data. Updated 2026-08-14._