# HS 400941 Vulcanised (Other Than Hard Rubber) global trade...

Reported global trade in vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, without fittings reached $947.8M in 2024, with five-year annual growth of +4.6%.

## Annual trade evidence

| Year | Global trade | Year-on-year growth | 3-year growth |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | $657.7M | +5.8% | +8.3% |
| 2014 | $742.5M | +12.9% | +2.5% |
| 2015 | $634.9M | -14.5% | +0.7% |
| 2016 | $606.5M | -4.5% | -2.7% |
| 2017 | $722.2M | +19.1% | -0.9% |
| 2018 | $846.8M | +17.2% | +10.1% |
| 2019 | $756.6M | -10.6% | +7.6% |
| 2020 | $644.3M | -14.8% | -3.7% |
| 2021 | $853.0M | +32.4% | +0.2% |
| 2022 | $953.6M | +11.8% | +8% |
| 2023 | $967.7M | +1.5% | +14.5% |
| 2024 | $947.8M | -2.1% | +3.6% |

## Leading buyer markets

| Buyer market | Latest imports | 5-year growth | Suppliers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| USA | $178.4M | +7.4% | 68 |
| Canada | $69.2M | +3.3% | 78 |
| Germany | $67.6M | +7.4% | 73 |
| Spain | $44.0M | +26.4% | 47 |
| Poland | $36.1M | +10.3% | 67 |
| France | $32.3M | +12.3% | 81 |
| China | $30.6M | -8.6% | 59 |
| United Kingdom | $29.0M | -2.4% | 56 |
| Italy | $28.7M | +2.5% | 49 |
| Mexico | $26.4M | +2.5% | 58 |
| Romania | $25.5M | +15.3% | 42 |
| Netherlands | $21.3M | -4.1% | 66 |

_Source: reported merchandise trade data. Updated 2026-08-14._