# HS 391390 In Primary Forms (Excluding Alginic  global trade...

Reported global trade in in primary forms (excluding alginic acid, its salts and esters) reached $3.4B in 2024, with five-year annual growth of +9.4%.

## Annual trade evidence

| Year | Global trade | Year-on-year growth | 3-year growth |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | $2.0B | +8.5% | -3.7% |
| 2014 | $2.0B | -2.5% | +1.1% |
| 2015 | $1.9B | -5.2% | +0.1% |
| 2016 | $1.8B | -5.3% | -4.4% |
| 2017 | $1.8B | +3.1% | -2.6% |
| 2018 | $2.1B | +13.5% | +3.5% |
| 2019 | $2.2B | +3.6% | +6.7% |
| 2020 | $2.3B | +6% | +7.7% |
| 2021 | $2.9B | +24.9% | +11.1% |
| 2022 | $3.3B | +16% | +15.4% |
| 2023 | $3.5B | +4.8% | +14.9% |
| 2024 | $3.4B | -2.7% | +5.8% |

## Leading buyer markets

| Buyer market | Latest imports | 5-year growth | Suppliers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| USA | $558.3M | +12.6% | 53 |
| Republic of Korea | $222.0M | +18.5% | 44 |
| Germany | $211.0M | +7.7% | 66 |
| Japan | $190.0M | +1.1% | 34 |
| Italy | $154.4M | +22.2% | 40 |
| Netherlands | $148.2M | +13.8% | 53 |
| China | $140.2M | +7.4% | 53 |
| Switzerland, Liechtenstein | $126.9M | +12.7% | 42 |
| France | $119.1M | -1.1% | 58 |
| Singapore | $101.6M | +17.6% | 40 |
| Spain | $88.7M | +10.7% | 45 |
| Belgium | $79.3M | +2% | 34 |

_Source: reported merchandise trade data. Updated 2026-08-14._