{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/900661",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/900661",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/900661",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "900661",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 81,
    "current_lane_count": 36,
    "active_market_count": 36,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 110043.30575883675,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 69897.85795923734,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40080.18689119996,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 34971.66267978929,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 39956.57891699302,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 42.983550399131,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.071491498041493,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.129774934073151,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 126737.27473216495,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 446274.01162200194,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.166666666666664,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 49.113325333204145,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "NLD",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 22610.019534515213,
    "top_market_share_pct": 20.546474298096566,
    "destination_hhi": 910.6830040995573,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 16.787422408884684,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 7.387750896476207,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8327915813631384,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 63.67358355178095,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 69.1358024691358,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 88,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 900661,
      "hs_description": "Photographic flashlight apparatus: discharge lamp (electronic)",
      "hs_chapter": 90,
      "hs_heading": 9006,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.778996,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Photographic flashlight apparatus: discharge lamp (electronic)",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9006,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 900661,
        "corridor_rank": 73,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 5,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 22610.019534515213,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7494.061876786034,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 11306.70519144445,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8767.828866658576,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7494.061876786034,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2090.550277403835,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 56.62257439208436,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22610.019534515213,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13875676.647905877,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.4428,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8389,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.16294714923273687,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1629216261805118,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 80.93459544618827,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 38,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6595.47,
        "distance_km": 9693.59375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016689382078733335,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0457486583338207,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1804775507713643,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98273083910418,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 900661,
        "corridor_rank": 82,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2015,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12826.613630349388,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 115674605.7554585,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -55.3708,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 58.6699,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10613906975449461,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.10613906975449461,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 88.11659475021185,
        "peer_top_exporter": "MYS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 25,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 7831.33,
        "distance_km": 12967.76953125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 900661,
      "num_markets": 24,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MWI",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 456666.6666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 4225.806451612903,
      "median_price_across_markets": 91800,
      "price_spread_pct": 492.8549675545248,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.05867307692307692,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 141988
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 124929.62083668038,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 259.40614515317924
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 169702.80609120036,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.83872660035657
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 77999.98135256824,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -54.03730607103214
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 136025.91573759905,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 74.39224135547853
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 131578.60431604696,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2694589096765814
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 65641.1180734129,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -50.11262019792719
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 30908.142115910585,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.91344355021044
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 37664.20613741279,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.858525161964955
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 40823.958569162256,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.389271289089532
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 49670.05087508526,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.668874396235537
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 30706.31792696933,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.179411162286996
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 23911.43479837724,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.12861582672584
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 33817.72574779278,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.429094627512
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 16524.97696656977,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.135161808897436
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 69897.85795923734,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 322.9830885733854
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "900661",
    "hs_description": "Photographic flashlight apparatus: discharge lamp (electronic)",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9006
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 900661,
      "corridor_rank": 73,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 5,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 22610.019534515213,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7494.061876786034,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 11306.70519144445,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8767.828866658576,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7494.061876786034,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2090.550277403835,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 56.62257439208436,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22610.019534515213,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13875676.647905877,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.4428,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8389,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.16294714923273687,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1629216261805118,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 80.93459544618827,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 38,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6595.47,
      "distance_km": 9693.59375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016689382078733335,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0457486583338207,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1804775507713643,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98273083910418,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 900661,
      "corridor_rank": 82,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2015,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12826.613630349388,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 115674605.7554585,
      "historical_peak_year": 2015,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -55.3708,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 58.6699,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10613906975449461,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.10613906975449461,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 88.11659475021185,
      "peer_top_exporter": "MYS",
      "supplier_count_latest": 25,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 7831.33,
      "distance_km": 12967.76953125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "hs_code": 900661,
    "num_markets": 24,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MWI",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 456666.6666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SWZ",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 4225.806451612903,
    "median_price_across_markets": 91800,
    "price_spread_pct": 492.8549675545248,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.05867307692307692,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 141988
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 124929.62083668038,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 259.40614515317924
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 169702.80609120036,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.83872660035657
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 77999.98135256824,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.03730607103214
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 136025.91573759905,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 74.39224135547853
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 131578.60431604696,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2694589096765814
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 65641.1180734129,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -50.11262019792719
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 30908.142115910585,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.91344355021044
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 37664.20613741279,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.858525161964955
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 40823.958569162256,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.389271289089532
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 49670.05087508526,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.668874396235537
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 30706.31792696933,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.179411162286996
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 23911.43479837724,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.12861582672584
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 33817.72574779278,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.429094627512
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 16524.97696656977,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.135161808897436
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 69897.85795923734,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 322.9830885733854
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ZAF",
    "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
    "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
    "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
    "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
    "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
    "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
    "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
    "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
    "population": 64007187,
    "labor_force": 24830.73,
    "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
    "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
    "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
    "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 44,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
    "num_border_partners": 156,
    "num_colonial_partners": 84,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
    "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
  }
}