{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/860711",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860711",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/860711",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860711",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 46,
    "current_lane_count": 10,
    "active_market_count": 10,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2488898.5263668625,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 201058.20415882528,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 261759.28931588176,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 401254.8878555411,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 315898.9123772218,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -35.835083768029094,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.3307885368551644,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.223850397774182,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 5429328.058146705,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 11940017.427680548,
    "historical_peak_year": 2004,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.5,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.61123337025491,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CAN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 672397.883893515,
    "top_market_share_pct": 27.015881795512136,
    "destination_hhi": 1460.3874400414813,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 37.317148636876716,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 24.642907303647462,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.4365914390772323,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 47.74691590516622,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 69.56521739130434,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 75,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8607,
      "substitution_elasticity": -17.661377,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860711,
        "corridor_rank": 68,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2008,
        "lane_data_years": 8,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 270991.8103027853,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3190989.0174048045,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2184453.2946627806,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2897203.021089121,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3190989.0174048045,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.7685148059620635,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -43.949854924409195,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6925100.113262188,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 34994061.69248581,
        "historical_peak_year": 2004,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -15.3921,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 408.7382,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7139607337430902,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -18.631144220145796,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 45.62898205791907,
        "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 19,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3319.44,
        "distance_km": 12581.720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02024656090921212,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04093821181761819,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6950085653744588,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.08681743410739,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "num_markets": 17,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DNK",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 935000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 433.4241443895794,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5060,
      "price_spread_pct": 18469.695175012064,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.140193548387097,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1455771
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 367182.5543545103,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 243.91900652558172
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 400548.53021091095,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.087026456106129
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 656160.2363330869,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.815414823163174
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 451364.7082707856,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.21120676357792
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 740553.6689931183,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 64.06990963698489
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 460861.3414049122,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.768002414799355
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 349794.7576929599,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.09978310903047
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 22857.02366863364,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -93.46558998785885
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 114784.71370644252,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 402.18574111186626
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 204416.84802156466,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 78.08716981631619
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 459919.0339489586,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 124.99076685716244
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 761077.5373811016,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.48076535261754
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 460524.88402980554,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -39.49041176349913
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 123694.77975901445,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -73.14047860419008
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 201058.20415882528,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.54380706326683
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860711",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "corridor_rank": 68,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2008,
      "lane_data_years": 8,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 270991.8103027853,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3190989.0174048045,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2184453.2946627806,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2897203.021089121,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3190989.0174048045,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.7685148059620635,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -43.949854924409195,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6925100.113262188,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 34994061.69248581,
      "historical_peak_year": 2004,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -15.3921,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 408.7382,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7139607337430902,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -18.631144220145796,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 45.62898205791907,
      "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 19,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3319.44,
      "distance_km": 12581.720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02024656090921212,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04093821181761819,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6950085653744588,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.08681743410739,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "hs_code": 860711,
    "num_markets": 17,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DNK",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 935000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 433.4241443895794,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5060,
    "price_spread_pct": 18469.695175012064,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.140193548387097,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1455771
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 367182.5543545103,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 243.91900652558172
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 400548.53021091095,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.087026456106129
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 656160.2363330869,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.815414823163174
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 451364.7082707856,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.21120676357792
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 740553.6689931183,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 64.06990963698489
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 460861.3414049122,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.768002414799355
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 349794.7576929599,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.09978310903047
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 22857.02366863364,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -93.46558998785885
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 114784.71370644252,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 402.18574111186626
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 204416.84802156466,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.08716981631619
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 459919.0339489586,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 124.99076685716244
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 761077.5373811016,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.48076535261754
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 460524.88402980554,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -39.49041176349913
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 123694.77975901445,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -73.14047860419008
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 201058.20415882528,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 62.54380706326683
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ZAF",
    "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
    "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
    "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
    "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
    "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
    "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
    "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
    "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
    "population": 64007187,
    "labor_force": 24830.73,
    "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
    "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
    "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
    "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 44,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
    "num_border_partners": 156,
    "num_colonial_partners": 84,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
    "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
  }
}