{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/851529",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/851529",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/851529",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "851529",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 113,
    "current_lane_count": 26,
    "active_market_count": 26,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1548768.3193606567,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 872388.7705184952,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 965610.5685645778,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 925839.3737036099,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1192613.9869498801,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.085311730044671,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.113507719058926,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.821655009157773,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3782481.2706126436,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 17554424.64010095,
    "historical_peak_year": 2013,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.906966739202444,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "IND",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 364843.3514900631,
    "top_market_share_pct": 23.556999903037354,
    "destination_hhi": 1010.750376606506,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 28.64241384413316,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 6.7947050050055875,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1351567545008578,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.68934301544921,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 53.982300884955755,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 83,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 851529,
      "hs_description": "Welding machines and apparatus: for resistance welding of metal, other than fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8515,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.3177052,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Welding machines and apparatus: for resistance welding of metal, other than fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8515,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 851529,
        "corridor_rank": 68,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2020,
        "lane_data_years": 3,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 27899.547528717747,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10872.569243343094,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 198.85749782428638,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 92.8761345014794,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 38.87985257101887,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27899.547528717747,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16891351.195353076,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 159.9776452532675,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -66.4011,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.5965,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.36668160132318833,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.34431108669816046,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.01676363732649,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 80,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2674.38,
        "distance_km": 13719.2578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1360029642040404,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.111751003618705,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 851529,
        "corridor_rank": 78,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "RUS",
        "latest_data_year": 2008,
        "lane_data_years": 5,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 17320.979324649696,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 687935.709482338,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17320.979324649696,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 113171.38682043222,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 687935.709482338,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -32.631560932151785,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.638956847247849,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3089716.4129958623,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19304512.183306713,
        "historical_peak_year": 2001,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 25,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.5251,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 60.6822,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.13299866933488372,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.810335254044894,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 94.78735243992918,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8994.88,
        "distance_km": 10147.89453125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08497845906934866,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11161957661302684,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7509024220618434,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.66184683129542,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 851529,
      "num_markets": 55,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 22110028.57142857,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 37.142857142857146,
      "median_price_across_markets": 37333.333333333336,
      "price_spread_pct": 59223.19132653061,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.6394081632653068,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7301989
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2543623.3915167106,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 76.92856374564815
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2689147.090849089,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.721118142635319
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 4189673.257777893,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 55.79933399831313
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 4618504.94448242,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.235444635412193
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3440518.253312693,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.505801235030173
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1914612.6255547872,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -44.35104002975982
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1436161.1340234617,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.989467067401538
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1289448.851775166,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.215586452842892
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 894952.2820645319,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.594200705792733
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1761768.1075628055,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 96.85609421528582
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 935986.3434421215,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -46.872330165123365
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 796378.8193821949,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.915551390046486
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 906552.4548333598,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.834325169099056
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1117890.4803418785,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.312277671496272
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 872388.7705184952,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.961159356890022
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "851529",
    "hs_description": "Welding machines and apparatus: for resistance welding of metal, other than fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8515
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 851529,
      "corridor_rank": 68,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2020,
      "lane_data_years": 3,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 27899.547528717747,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10872.569243343094,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15786.2474982681,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 198.85749782428638,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 92.8761345014794,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 38.87985257101887,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27899.547528717747,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16891351.195353076,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 159.9776452532675,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -66.4011,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.5965,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.36668160132318833,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.34431108669816046,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 41.01676363732649,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 80,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2674.38,
      "distance_km": 13719.2578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.111751003618705,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 851529,
      "corridor_rank": 78,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "latest_data_year": 2008,
      "lane_data_years": 5,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 17320.979324649696,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 687935.709482338,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17320.979324649696,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 113171.38682043222,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 687935.709482338,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -32.631560932151785,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.638956847247849,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3089716.4129958623,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19304512.183306713,
      "historical_peak_year": 2001,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 25,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.5251,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 60.6822,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.13299866933488372,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.810335254044894,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 94.78735243992918,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 8,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8994.88,
      "distance_km": 10147.89453125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08497845906934866,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11161957661302684,
      "volatility_cv": 1.7509024220618434,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.66184683129542,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "hs_code": 851529,
    "num_markets": 55,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 22110028.57142857,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 37.142857142857146,
    "median_price_across_markets": 37333.333333333336,
    "price_spread_pct": 59223.19132653061,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.6394081632653068,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7301989
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2543623.3915167106,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 76.92856374564815
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2689147.090849089,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.721118142635319
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 4189673.257777893,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 55.79933399831313
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 4618504.94448242,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.235444635412193
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3440518.253312693,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.505801235030173
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1914612.6255547872,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -44.35104002975982
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1436161.1340234617,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.989467067401538
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1289448.851775166,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.215586452842892
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 894952.2820645319,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.594200705792733
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1761768.1075628055,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 96.85609421528582
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 935986.3434421215,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.872330165123365
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 796378.8193821949,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.915551390046486
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 906552.4548333598,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.834325169099056
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1117890.4803418785,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.312277671496272
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 872388.7705184952,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.961159356890022
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ZAF",
    "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
    "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
    "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
    "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
    "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
    "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
    "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
    "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
    "population": 64007187,
    "labor_force": 24830.73,
    "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
    "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
    "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
    "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 44,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
    "num_border_partners": 156,
    "num_colonial_partners": 84,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
    "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
  }
}