{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/844313",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844313",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/844313",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844313",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 105,
    "current_lane_count": 31,
    "active_market_count": 31,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3809470.4767501927,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 2041717.3914113098,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2630634.667069349,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2460271.8701800685,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3457455.8648033463,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.236861582651206,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -17.22778276237562,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.771665492872159,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 5684828.045511733,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 24255496.057450596,
    "historical_peak_year": 2013,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.666666666666664,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.534803910220953,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "ZMB",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1305566.3243357548,
    "top_market_share_pct": 34.271595811119546,
    "destination_hhi": 1405.909864926829,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 29.073114881944495,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 14.405139397528966,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9436463177926804,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 68.64788681629639,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 59.04761904761905,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 85.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844313,
      "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8443,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.7759447,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 844313,
      "num_markets": 61,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 496333.3333333333,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MUS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 132.404181184669,
      "median_price_across_markets": 33791.13924050633,
      "price_spread_pct": 1468.4350403828337,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.995304878048779,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 21069547
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 4464242.104493777,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.75767511623868
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 4371867.177445666,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0692185792326376
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3455519.049949568,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.960109040446394
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 5621564.126100299,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.68363869046948
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4116388.6349910204,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.775030175692837
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 3199587.1819186527,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.271984848057663
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 4218531.400374739,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.846115155551736
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 4142147.3341727136,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8106790954605798
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 5457933.824944939,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.76580610537409
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 5254999.555722076,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.7181518818599866
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2224360.8528264686,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.67153109643175
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2185094.4968658276,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.7652871345378054
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 3617065.9487946257,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.53361669176022
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2233120.661002112,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.26154422906523
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 2041717.3914113098,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.571111849590345
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844313",
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "hs_code": 844313,
    "num_markets": 61,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ITA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 496333.3333333333,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MUS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 132.404181184669,
    "median_price_across_markets": 33791.13924050633,
    "price_spread_pct": 1468.4350403828337,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.995304878048779,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 21069547
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 4464242.104493777,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.75767511623868
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 4371867.177445666,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0692185792326376
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3455519.049949568,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.960109040446394
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 5621564.126100299,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 62.68363869046948
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4116388.6349910204,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.775030175692837
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 3199587.1819186527,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.271984848057663
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 4218531.400374739,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.846115155551736
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 4142147.3341727136,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8106790954605798
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 5457933.824944939,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.76580610537409
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 5254999.555722076,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.7181518818599866
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2224360.8528264686,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.67153109643175
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2185094.4968658276,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.7652871345378054
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 3617065.9487946257,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.53361669176022
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2233120.661002112,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.26154422906523
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 2041717.3914113098,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.571111849590345
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ZAF",
    "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
    "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
    "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
    "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
    "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
    "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
    "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
    "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
    "population": 64007187,
    "labor_force": 24830.73,
    "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
    "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
    "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
    "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 44,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
    "num_border_partners": 156,
    "num_colonial_partners": 84,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
    "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
  }
}