{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/740322",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740322",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/740322",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740322",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 73,
    "current_lane_count": 22,
    "active_market_count": 22,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 4026863.5658211517,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1998616.5378679568,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4005923.64117394,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3079094.773349462,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2734294.226641299,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.5037391201658155,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.6414362332074717,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.404655376807122,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 6147606.900864733,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 14833078.34073009,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.908394496972939,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 820956.0974776517,
    "top_market_share_pct": 20.38698565418726,
    "destination_hhi": 927.0698447927709,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 16.30667511005621,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.782247207407711,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6687632402079032,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 68.22690039595402,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 57.534246575342465,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 81,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -22.979853,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 740322,
        "corridor_rank": 57,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 25,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 820956.0974776517,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1075917.8360581743,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1359144.329994878,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1161005.0364087175,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 984629.7977701072,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.118649656530945,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.433446307169934,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.9294874421557555,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1821158.7292814127,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 54375452.957920484,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.833333333333336,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.189162214375189,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.5318,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0824,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.509791740241621,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7462653237983516,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.940876635536895,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 40,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1684.89,
        "distance_km": 9571.15625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016370646483452676,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.045277195846617796,
        "volatility_cv": 0.35501256335572295,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 69.52421573781676,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "num_markets": 28,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 248250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 559.8303101228788,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9164.835164835165,
      "price_spread_pct": 2702.6145613643666,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 37.033243589743584,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 21660224
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2625638.256180565,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 43.80510857929954
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 4725061.935137727,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 79.95860336111683
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3649016.357819356,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.773152862111772
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 3366657.0935361427,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.737955563782416
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3874244.270701227,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.076889717685615
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1845225.6891880545,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.371983791975154
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1900976.2858867194,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.0213429731295625
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2575315.907427604,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.47333160057468
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3783586.2117678444,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 46.91736267598879
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1842364.3053954616,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.3064007986583
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1521991.895596278,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.389199783178395
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1855711.047629212,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.92647365590547
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 5504762.694176082,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 196.63899997840522
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4514391.69147778,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.9911661541031
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1998616.5378679568,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -55.72788817503533
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740322",
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "corridor_rank": 57,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 25,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 820956.0974776517,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1075917.8360581743,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1359144.329994878,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1161005.0364087175,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 984629.7977701072,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.118649656530945,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.433446307169934,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.9294874421557555,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1821158.7292814127,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 54375452.957920484,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.833333333333336,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.189162214375189,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.5318,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0824,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.509791740241621,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7462653237983516,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.940876635536895,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 40,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1684.89,
      "distance_km": 9571.15625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016370646483452676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.045277195846617796,
      "volatility_cv": 0.35501256335572295,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 69.52421573781676,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "hs_code": 740322,
    "num_markets": 28,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 248250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 559.8303101228788,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9164.835164835165,
    "price_spread_pct": 2702.6145613643666,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 37.033243589743584,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 21660224
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2625638.256180565,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.80510857929954
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 4725061.935137727,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 79.95860336111683
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3649016.357819356,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.773152862111772
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 3366657.0935361427,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.737955563782416
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3874244.270701227,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.076889717685615
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1845225.6891880545,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.371983791975154
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1900976.2858867194,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.0213429731295625
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2575315.907427604,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.47333160057468
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3783586.2117678444,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 46.91736267598879
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1842364.3053954616,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.3064007986583
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1521991.895596278,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.389199783178395
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1855711.047629212,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.92647365590547
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 5504762.694176082,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 196.63899997840522
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4514391.69147778,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.9911661541031
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1998616.5378679568,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.72788817503533
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ZAF",
    "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
    "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
    "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
    "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
    "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
    "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
    "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
    "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
    "population": 64007187,
    "labor_force": 24830.73,
    "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
    "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
    "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
    "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 44,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
    "num_border_partners": 156,
    "num_colonial_partners": 84,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
    "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
  }
}