{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/270740",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/270740",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/zaf/270740",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "270740",
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "first_data_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 139,
    "current_lane_count": 6,
    "active_market_count": 6,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 20332117.6045248,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 843891.2462709008,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 491804.2677909711,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2837131.666131371,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18460475.185546424,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -20.397748308863793,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -55.59031570384953,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -25.389672283355523,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 48190834.373102084,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 156607971.41114348,
    "historical_peak_year": 2019,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.5,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.99192397449173,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "NOR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 2506678.6773279645,
    "top_market_share_pct": 12.328665051446078,
    "destination_hhi": 465.92222503013403,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 83.24382329242503,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 33.30585185355904,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.965426795247426,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 58.628748639563256,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 54.67625899280576,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:22",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 270740,
      "hs_description": "Oils and products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar: naphthalene",
      "hs_chapter": 27,
      "hs_heading": 2707,
      "substitution_elasticity": -35.385162,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Oils and products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar: naphthalene",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2707,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 270740,
        "corridor_rank": 18,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "ESP",
        "latest_data_year": 2008,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 382585.72691999306,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16865073.34864083,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 67.7911,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 730.9511,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 15.934872873738964,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 15.934872873738964,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 63.69697264935114,
        "peer_top_exporter": "FIN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 6,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5366.67,
        "distance_km": 8582.7822265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016689382078733335,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0457486583338207,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 270740,
        "corridor_rank": 29,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "TGO",
        "latest_data_year": 2019,
        "lane_data_years": 3,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 96669.82164421258,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 101257.65757536422,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 96669.82164421258,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 120825.14975193172,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 120825.14975193172,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.637082256937948,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.246657022744632,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.521125626709854,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 144980.47785965085,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14138470.018999998,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.1582078836478,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 345366.8298,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 33255453.2094,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 56.25,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 95.41829781329683,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 9.55768114325906,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 100,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AGO",
        "supplier_count_latest": 1,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 10000,
        "distance_km": 4813.55908203125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.3355969500490161,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 33.32218028844247,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 270740,
        "corridor_rank": 45,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "SAU",
        "latest_data_year": 2017,
        "lane_data_years": 4,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 26769.34753624407,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10335.420890715013,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13713.80700038129,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13713.80700038129,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10335.420890715013,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 411.3041757749862,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 166.19972577462985,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26769.34753624407,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11610128.878153995,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.8968,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 356.3495,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.30982389776242364,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.26976960654545057,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.49931294817395,
        "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 11,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2978.85,
        "distance_km": 7174.43701171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898989,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9829169878038494,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 61.304099234050035,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 270740,
        "corridor_rank": 46,
        "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
        "importer_iso3": "MYS",
        "latest_data_year": 2017,
        "lane_data_years": 10,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 25332.26439230045,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 495787.71528549603,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 138799.55944343118,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 700020.5046927255,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 495787.715285496,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 68.94623153314534,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -55.12551363602758,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3078450.590101327,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 25997030.838912066,
        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.55555555555556,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1341.9313,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 110.9495,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5943961489441031,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -12.70351641323134,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 94.60308390312296,
        "peer_top_exporter": "SAU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 11,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8961.95,
        "distance_km": 9588.7080078125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1339099772020202,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9175271262248221,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9370361214735,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": 270740,
      "num_markets": 12,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BWA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1654000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 199.6445132775423,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2468.8888888888887,
      "price_spread_pct": 66985.6129585081,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7224.462259259258,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 60099443
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 26715896.280931372,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 46.3331923234087
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 8729138.609668655,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.32604993717119
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 5456539.418538943,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.49051696240547
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 20290745.04872165,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 271.86105500828126
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 15786905.385925677,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.196521872318936
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 21646871.452292044,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.119156181113475
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 17094199.79826125,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.031545662681616
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 37012482.128205895,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 116.52070623376385
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 45811773.59404597,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.773848604264355
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 48853766.552002184,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.64019905649664
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 11037189.735049965,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.40769952036047
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1673055.7922339693,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -84.841650525215
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 188.68255361449266,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -99.988722279646
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 631332.874548398,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 334500.5565720229
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 843891.2462709008,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.668193165855506
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ZAF",
      "exports_usd": 143643588057.48822,
      "imports_usd": 108756714208.7475,
      "trade_balance_usd": 34886873848.74072,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.6188304751598945,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -7.215180185719783,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5026660587278187,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.1100057534715777,
      "export_partner_hhi": 659.5115935150444,
      "export_product_hhi": 419.28642382719164,
      "momentum_score": 1.9839811502302716,
      "risk_score": 5.393990086711181,
      "gdp_million_usd": 401144.99837358523,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 6267.186814093005,
      "population": 64007187,
      "labor_force": 24830.73,
      "investment_rate_pct": 19.8,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.18,
      "secondary_education_pct": 86.3,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 3.54,
      "total_factor_productivity": 766.8,
      "trade_openness_pct": 53.03997546425698,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 30.185591371164566,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 44,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8463.901234567902,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.296296296296298,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13286497953382187,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13753052664362925,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.023843319067471676,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11368720757615758,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8922.596566095852,
      "num_border_partners": 156,
      "num_colonial_partners": 84,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859204161980857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.80344666977177,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6781555659059153,
      "real_market_potential": 276416.4802767972,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11984.470970085875
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "270740",
    "hs_description": "Oils and products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar: naphthalene",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2707
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 270740,
      "corridor_rank": 18,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "latest_data_year": 2008,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 382585.72691999306,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16865073.34864083,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 67.7911,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 730.9511,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 15.934872873738964,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 15.934872873738964,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 63.69697264935114,
      "peer_top_exporter": "FIN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 6,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5366.67,
      "distance_km": 8582.7822265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.016689382078733335,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0457486583338207,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 270740,
      "corridor_rank": 29,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "TGO",
      "latest_data_year": 2019,
      "lane_data_years": 3,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 96669.82164421258,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 101257.65757536422,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 96669.82164421258,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 120825.14975193172,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 120825.14975193172,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.637082256937948,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.246657022744632,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.521125626709854,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 144980.47785965085,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14138470.018999998,
      "historical_peak_year": 2015,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.1582078836478,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 345366.8298,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 33255453.2094,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 56.25,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 95.41829781329683,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 9.55768114325906,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 100,
      "peer_top_exporter": "AGO",
      "supplier_count_latest": 1,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 10000,
      "distance_km": 4813.55908203125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.3355969500490161,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 33.32218028844247,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 270740,
      "corridor_rank": 45,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "latest_data_year": 2017,
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