{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/845420",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/845420",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/845420",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "845420",
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 44,
    "current_lane_count": 9,
    "active_market_count": 9,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 660768.6816371554,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 226956.86677358302,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 219686.73684321242,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 200331.81492117018,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 281563.1078837282,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 100.71999555349072,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -32.839434101415755,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 16.948483124401868,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1581201.298426771,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 2944135.8115924955,
    "historical_peak_year": 2019,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 56,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 83.77151242908886,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 174160.43832807668,
    "top_market_share_pct": 26.35724772798971,
    "destination_hhi": 1690.643467276366,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 2.8695735816340604,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -2.9250453551154285,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.5599748068404347,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 46.962796664155846,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 93.18181818181819,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 74.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:18",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 845420,
      "hs_description": "Ingot moulds and ladles: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8454,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.557386,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ingot moulds and ladles: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8454,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 845420,
        "corridor_rank": 59,
        "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 4,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 174160.43832807668,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 125653.44415700786,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 164669.72166197243,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 125653.44415700788,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 125653.44415700788,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 172.5248306408472,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 181372.84266748853,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13009513.57184626,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.9723,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.1367,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.338715989389298,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1255719333552392,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.85473192254726,
        "peer_top_exporter": "POL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 21,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3048.5,
        "distance_km": 8793.07421875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.020395667908580245,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.038942465117504314,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5531289777898921,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 23.651257843369418,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "hs_code": 845420,
      "num_markets": 15,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4228000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 5.181347150259067,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3497.7286432160804,
      "price_spread_pct": 120878.29703007797,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 46.80015789473684,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 3161638
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 661272.7530596732,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 421.4962031989546
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 272926.83240336523,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.72704097657925
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 21446.09189744125,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -92.14218268369248
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 35467.873938375975,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.38152549186678
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 47423.91410930006,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.70949212151038
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 10872.998852996623,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.07275104299252
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 79530.4568272632,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 631.4491420675946
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 43386.21848518914,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.44703976814545
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 19174.83222213086,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -55.8043247565431
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1661007.497843851,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8562.435627086112
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 314533.4527787408,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -81.06369458373693
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 28065.411297472645,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -91.0771299365682
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 215420.25604318205,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 667.5649352146894
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 216683.08771287225,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5862176997120749
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 226956.86677358302,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.741384834945959
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "VNM",
      "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
      "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
      "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
      "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
      "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
      "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
      "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
      "population": 100987686,
      "labor_force": 59201.53,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
      "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
      "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
      "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 102,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
      "num_border_partners": 105,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
      "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "845420",
    "hs_description": "Ingot moulds and ladles: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8454
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 845420,
      "corridor_rank": 59,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 4,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 174160.43832807668,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 125653.44415700786,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 164669.72166197243,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 125653.44415700788,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 125653.44415700788,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 172.5248306408472,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 181372.84266748853,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13009513.57184626,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.9723,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.1367,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.338715989389298,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1255719333552392,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 51.85473192254726,
      "peer_top_exporter": "POL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 21,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3048.5,
      "distance_km": 8793.07421875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.020395667908580245,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.038942465117504314,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5531289777898921,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 23.651257843369418,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "hs_code": 845420,
    "num_markets": 15,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4228000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 5.181347150259067,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3497.7286432160804,
    "price_spread_pct": 120878.29703007797,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 46.80015789473684,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 3161638
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 661272.7530596732,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 421.4962031989546
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 272926.83240336523,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.72704097657925
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 21446.09189744125,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -92.14218268369248
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 35467.873938375975,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.38152549186678
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 47423.91410930006,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.70949212151038
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 10872.998852996623,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -77.07275104299252
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 79530.4568272632,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 631.4491420675946
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 43386.21848518914,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.44703976814545
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 19174.83222213086,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.8043247565431
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1661007.497843851,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8562.435627086112
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 314533.4527787408,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -81.06369458373693
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 28065.411297472645,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -91.0771299365682
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 215420.25604318205,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 667.5649352146894
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 216683.08771287225,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5862176997120749
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 226956.86677358302,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.741384834945959
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "VNM",
    "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
    "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
    "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
    "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
    "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
    "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
    "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
    "population": 100987686,
    "labor_force": 59201.53,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
    "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
    "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
    "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 102,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
    "num_border_partners": 105,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
    "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
  }
}