{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/731824",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731824",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/731824",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731824",
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 128,
    "current_lane_count": 86,
    "active_market_count": 86,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 19115911.28443349,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 19083499.298092008,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 18335041.40925468,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 17771434.76153166,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15457543.180527126,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.9955968680550598,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.628301673498902,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.344070743898826,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 7648633.668211402,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 24236153.30076518,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.348473875843766,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "JPN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 11202014.081998633,
    "top_market_share_pct": 58.60047117461086,
    "destination_hhi": 3653.933470511153,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 18.371847447640253,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -1.4414211836560171,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1455002418992994,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 96.6603951272609,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 42.1875,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:18",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731824,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded cotters and cotter-pins",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7318,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.9226277,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded cotters and cotter-pins",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 731824,
        "corridor_rank": 18,
        "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
        "importer_iso3": "JPN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11202014.081998633,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3469638.208715883,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10676720.614103625,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10376600.929826949,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8226851.580081305,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3998878594958075,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.830658391497145,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.461871974981854,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11202014.081998633,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 38439565.567195565,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 74.07407407407408,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.061984115486046,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.2867,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.9599,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 29.141885233891575,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.5517929009669373,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.14479606848764,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 46,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2217.16,
        "distance_km": 3672.563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.018189837726142268,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.02298418651466015,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2189146568230522,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9845446111054,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 731824,
        "corridor_rank": 100,
        "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
        "importer_iso3": "THA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2023790.6696314863,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1059927.757436197,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1868413.557098747,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1878650.8092397223,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2223628.804595587,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.855505820510429,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.404198348066005,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.49439403848557,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3662277.315117016,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 47831309.28063166,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 69.56521739130434,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.3498998589959985,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.1234,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.814,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.231100298253763,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7018115087278041,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.204488369640444,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 72,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2095.27,
        "distance_km": 990.7018432617188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.23238909329637678,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.23506352363985505,
        "volatility_cv": 1.06709022005065,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88653837276502,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "hs_code": 731824,
      "num_markets": 95,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "LVA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 298342.8571428571,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HND",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 105.26315789473685,
      "median_price_across_markets": 14872.68002969562,
      "price_spread_pct": 2005.271365950754,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10.925597315436242,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 54626514
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1209621.7422401644,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.76094215830207
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1403954.5368076533,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.06558379213599
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1865385.0062517573,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.86648230741973
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 4310263.211637876,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 131.06560828956034
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 6516089.824045209,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 51.176146423065696
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 8620285.973325279,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.292313428757765
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 12508956.824529832,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 45.1106942767062
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 13196107.014303712,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.493265341090563
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 16172996.454337925,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.55884585361016
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 15219911.73111623,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.893062092189221
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 15327370.50832118,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7060407386283073
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 18524679.071573067,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.860124451980074
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 18556443.89227652,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.1714729879029258
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 17365181.037395522,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.419672119272926
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 19083499.298092008,
        "active_destinations": 86,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.895193473630517
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "VNM",
      "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
      "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
      "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
      "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
      "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
      "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
      "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
      "population": 100987686,
      "labor_force": 59201.53,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
      "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
      "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
      "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 102,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
      "num_border_partners": 105,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
      "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731824",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded cotters and cotter-pins",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 731824,
      "corridor_rank": 18,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11202014.081998633,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3469638.208715883,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10676720.614103625,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10376600.929826949,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8226851.580081305,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3998878594958075,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.830658391497145,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.461871974981854,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11202014.081998633,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 38439565.567195565,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 74.07407407407408,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.061984115486046,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.2867,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.9599,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 29.141885233891575,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.5517929009669373,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.14479606848764,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 46,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2217.16,
      "distance_km": 3672.563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.018189837726142268,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.02298418651466015,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2189146568230522,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9845446111054,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','buyer_macro_weakness']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 731824,
      "corridor_rank": 100,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "THA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2023790.6696314863,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1059927.757436197,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1868413.557098747,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1878650.8092397223,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2223628.804595587,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.855505820510429,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.404198348066005,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.49439403848557,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3662277.315117016,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 47831309.28063166,
      "historical_peak_year": 2017,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 69.56521739130434,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.3498998589959985,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.1234,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.814,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.231100298253763,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7018115087278041,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.204488369640444,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 72,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2095.27,
      "distance_km": 990.7018432617188,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.23238909329637678,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.23506352363985505,
      "volatility_cv": 1.06709022005065,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88653837276502,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','buyer_macro_weakness']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "hs_code": 731824,
    "num_markets": 95,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "LVA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 298342.8571428571,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HND",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 105.26315789473685,
    "median_price_across_markets": 14872.68002969562,
    "price_spread_pct": 2005.271365950754,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10.925597315436242,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 54626514
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1209621.7422401644,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.76094215830207
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1403954.5368076533,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.06558379213599
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1865385.0062517573,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.86648230741973
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 4310263.211637876,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 131.06560828956034
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 6516089.824045209,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 51.176146423065696
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 8620285.973325279,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.292313428757765
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 12508956.824529832,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.1106942767062
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 13196107.014303712,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.493265341090563
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 16172996.454337925,
      "active_destinations": 64,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.55884585361016
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 15219911.73111623,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.893062092189221
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 15327370.50832118,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7060407386283073
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 18524679.071573067,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.860124451980074
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 18556443.89227652,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.1714729879029258
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 17365181.037395522,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.419672119272926
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 19083499.298092008,
      "active_destinations": 86,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.895193473630517
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "VNM",
    "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
    "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
    "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
    "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
    "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
    "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
    "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
    "population": 100987686,
    "labor_force": 59201.53,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
    "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
    "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
    "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 102,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
    "num_border_partners": 105,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
    "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
  }
}