{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/281990",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/281990",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/vnm/281990",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "281990",
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "first_data_year": 2005,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 18,
    "current_lane_count": 5,
    "active_market_count": 5,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 245923.36361895257,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 92773.04466338715,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 35107.301724119,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 81353.40132058978,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 60241.23137553665,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.708461506015,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 56.400597592011415,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.532712002922498,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 354012.5514801125,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 599576.1178614245,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -35.24117350893749,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 94000.00000000001,
    "top_market_share_pct": 38.223289815460106,
    "destination_hhi": 2210.2469956601676,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 4.866366126613135,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -4.580261069679045,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.4364443697069125,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 41.92470804911982,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 83.33333333333333,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 69.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:18",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2819,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2819,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 281990,
        "corridor_rank": 45,
        "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2018,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 94000.00000000001,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21844402.316276822,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 690.0783,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 46.8783,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.056531389671699,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.056531389671699,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 89.50109420165084,
        "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 21,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8048.68,
        "distance_km": 2330.799072265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.24969182270193227,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2244503040732197,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "num_markets": 5,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 229867.9245283019,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2911.809210526316,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5720.149253731343,
      "price_spread_pct": 3967.660724407296,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.432600000000001,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 109968
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2613.4494440819626,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.4459591989681
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 145202.67989408597,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5455.97814309708
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 100427.07828850311,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.836622050118617
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 72150.74891162603,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -28.156080868593943
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 28486.16307152342,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -60.518548315534815
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5067.918658502595,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -82.20919171957978
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 47002.1545310327,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 827.4449275577028
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 19503.80592046516,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.504442796153164
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 114157.86508326833,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 485.31071088788644
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 9913.56295914878,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -91.31591769702622
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 100523.81342651103,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 914.0028750585795
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 200921.28800408085,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 99.87431948248405
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 89.88105180978542,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -99.95526554069872
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 12458.979457160076,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13761.63068443716
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 92773.04466338715,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 644.6279607602307
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "VNM",
      "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
      "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
      "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
      "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
      "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
      "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
      "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
      "population": 100987686,
      "labor_force": 59201.53,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
      "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
      "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
      "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 102,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
      "num_border_partners": 105,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
      "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "281990",
    "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2819
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "corridor_rank": 45,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2018,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 94000.00000000001,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21844402.316276822,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 690.0783,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 46.8783,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.056531389671699,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.056531389671699,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 89.50109420165084,
      "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
      "supplier_count_latest": 21,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8048.68,
      "distance_km": 2330.799072265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.24969182270193227,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2244503040732197,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "hs_code": 281990,
    "num_markets": 5,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 229867.9245283019,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2911.809210526316,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5720.149253731343,
    "price_spread_pct": 3967.660724407296,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.432600000000001,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 109968
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2613.4494440819626,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -67.4459591989681
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 145202.67989408597,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5455.97814309708
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 100427.07828850311,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.836622050118617
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 72150.74891162603,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.156080868593943
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 28486.16307152342,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.518548315534815
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5067.918658502595,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.20919171957978
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 47002.1545310327,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 827.4449275577028
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 19503.80592046516,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.504442796153164
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 114157.86508326833,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 485.31071088788644
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 9913.56295914878,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -91.31591769702622
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 100523.81342651103,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 914.0028750585795
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 200921.28800408085,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 99.87431948248405
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 89.88105180978542,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.95526554069872
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    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 12458.979457160076,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13761.63068443716
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 92773.04466338715,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 644.6279607602307
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "VNM",
    "exports_usd": 450915295703.1746,
    "imports_usd": 381218902647.6394,
    "trade_balance_usd": 69696393055.53522,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.725488700787292,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 15.67277111361529,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.295174087342682,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2484023972689355,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1231.7927856205781,
    "export_product_hhi": 230.3834187225243,
    "momentum_score": 11.796394316753908,
    "risk_score": 7.310881021715512,
    "gdp_million_usd": 476388.23030717525,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 4717.290287324488,
    "population": 100987686,
    "labor_force": 59201.53,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.47,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.53,
    "secondary_education_pct": 71.58,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
    "total_factor_productivity": 287.3,
    "trade_openness_pct": 301.85354924188175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 163.56782678227825,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 102,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9643.152263374486,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021274,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 9.444444444444445,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.5555555555555556,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12663785666716132,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1317541361222806,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04155171411555329,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0902024220067273,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9401.718034254704,
    "num_border_partners": 105,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.51408978907655,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.1926782273603,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7697495183044314,
    "real_market_potential": 74425.93892458122,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10045.70242824143
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}