{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/usa/731581",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731581",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/usa/731581",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731581",
    "exporter_iso3": "USA",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 167,
    "current_lane_count": 94,
    "active_market_count": 94,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5003929.166629571,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3848271.306528443,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 6776550.370345742,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8936938.739473436,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9567125.399360156,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -21.53240929067517,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.14336810014229,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -10.497719547089702,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 8898157.908952462,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 51481340.20109523,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.034689743585467,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CAN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 989708.2310556117,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.77862192086616,
    "destination_hhi": 817.2127850578701,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 23.83328485694583,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 11.06498435891334,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1729977816059034,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 79.03684498242296,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 16.167664670658684,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:14",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7315,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.1272378,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 731581,
        "corridor_rank": 32,
        "exporter_iso3": "USA",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30212.45203271307,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 47667.04502466403,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16183.05436092939,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 82980.81946772888,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55188.35496709244,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.363485195088245,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.640110979840895,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.246136611554451,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 338996.9219369261,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13664302.392458199,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 7.609621806642696,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.7168,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.7073,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22110497239426116,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1462018645966344,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 91.96506804546043,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 39,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8473.37,
        "distance_km": 5866.0458984375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.05920413126868688,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3452946643059187,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.55958997346752,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "num_markets": 130,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FJI",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3326000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 684.3615494978479,
      "median_price_across_markets": 16073.778284845026,
      "price_spread_pct": 20687.82821015851,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.015447795823665,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 55131240
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 9280392.812894918,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.033096510423616256
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 21978247.026950803,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 136.8245339401202
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 14014540.0219088,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -36.23449584162247
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 9780431.517235408,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.212254544596178
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 11666072.550522165,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.279732494050158
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 10561735.388973128,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.466229159526424
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 6907353.7008091705,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.600201137204
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 9214915.334148506,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.40731824792776
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 11682113.903961424,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 26.773968944348386
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 12620441.96834214,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.032176985216074
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 16389878.475571737,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.86770603347389
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 7965164.110758204,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.40193307333018
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 11750704.160961753,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.526202819733285
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4730675.643547029,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -59.741343337846054
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3848271.306528443,
        "active_destinations": 94,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.652818402847956
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "exports_usd": 1928272713928.0183,
      "imports_usd": 3183475665876.591,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1255202951948.5725,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.2130178753190668,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.721911300823623,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.2744468065821115,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.781784239418174,
      "export_partner_hhi": 615.0816428764754,
      "export_product_hhi": 95.45205217935323,
      "momentum_score": 2.43144655469798,
      "risk_score": 3.552668475279143,
      "gdp_million_usd": 28750956.1307312,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 84534.04078415484,
      "population": 340110988,
      "labor_force": 169004.92,
      "investment_rate_pct": 21.94,
      "savings_rate_pct": 17.5,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.29,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 59.84,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2715.21,
      "trade_openness_pct": 25.25168145255992,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.525533087298541,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 20,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8736.897119341564,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 7.4074074074074066,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13674905652698968,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1379975951427108,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.012729926750844386,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1252676683918664,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8568.634628338012,
      "num_border_partners": 60,
      "num_colonial_partners": 222,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91231056569188,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.00461893764434,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.655889145496536,
      "real_market_potential": 2439042.9588601724,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11758.09282424583
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731581",
    "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "corridor_rank": 32,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30212.45203271307,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 47667.04502466403,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16183.05436092939,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 82980.81946772888,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55188.35496709244,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.363485195088245,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.640110979840895,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.246136611554451,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 338996.9219369261,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13664302.392458199,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 7.609621806642696,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.7168,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.7073,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22110497239426116,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1462018645966344,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 91.96506804546043,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 39,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8473.37,
      "distance_km": 5866.0458984375,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.05920413126868688,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3452946643059187,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.55958997346752,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": 731581,
    "num_markets": 130,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FJI",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3326000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 684.3615494978479,
    "median_price_across_markets": 16073.778284845026,
    "price_spread_pct": 20687.82821015851,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.015447795823665,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 55131240
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 9280392.812894918,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.033096510423616256
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 21978247.026950803,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 136.8245339401202
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 14014540.0219088,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.23449584162247
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 9780431.517235408,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.212254544596178
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 11666072.550522165,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.279732494050158
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 10561735.388973128,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.466229159526424
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 6907353.7008091705,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.600201137204
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 9214915.334148506,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.40731824792776
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 11682113.903961424,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.773968944348386
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 12620441.96834214,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.032176985216074
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 16389878.475571737,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.86770603347389
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 7965164.110758204,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.40193307333018
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 11750704.160961753,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.526202819733285
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4730675.643547029,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.741343337846054
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3848271.306528443,
      "active_destinations": 94,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.652818402847956
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "USA",
    "exports_usd": 1928272713928.0183,
    "imports_usd": 3183475665876.591,
    "trade_balance_usd": -1255202951948.5725,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.2130178753190668,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.721911300823623,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.2744468065821115,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.781784239418174,
    "export_partner_hhi": 615.0816428764754,
    "export_product_hhi": 95.45205217935323,
    "momentum_score": 2.43144655469798,
    "risk_score": 3.552668475279143,
    "gdp_million_usd": 28750956.1307312,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 84534.04078415484,
    "population": 340110988,
    "labor_force": 169004.92,
    "investment_rate_pct": 21.94,
    "savings_rate_pct": 17.5,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.29,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 59.84,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2715.21,
    "trade_openness_pct": 25.25168145255992,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.525533087298541,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 20,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8736.897119341564,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 7.4074074074074066,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13674905652698968,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1379975951427108,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.012729926750844386,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1252676683918664,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8568.634628338012,
    "num_border_partners": 60,
    "num_colonial_partners": 222,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91231056569188,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.00461893764434,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.655889145496536,
    "real_market_potential": 2439042.9588601724,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11758.09282424583
  }
}